Dallol Area Groundwater Potential Assessment Summary

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DEMOCRATIC R
EPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA
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^^^A^l^lhHSTRY OF WAluR, IRRIGATION AND ENERGY DALLOL AREA GROUNDWATER -NTIAL ASSESSMENT PROJECT
MUSLEY AND ADJACENT FAN AREAS GROUNDWATER POTENTIAL EVALUATION
Annex-2: Well Completion Report (Final)
March, 2014
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WATER WORKS DESIGN AND SUPERVISION ENTERPRISE
P.O.Box 2561, Addis Ababa Ethiopia
Tel: (251) 011 6614501/6631890 Fax: (251) 011 6615371 email: w.w.d.s.e@ethionet.etWater Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
GROUNDWATER POTENTIAL ASSESSMENT AND
EVALUATION OF DALLOL AREA
STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT
PHASE - 1:         EVALUATION OF GROUND WATER POTENTIAL FOR MUSLEY AND ADJACENT FAN AREAS
ANNEX-I: MAIN REPORT
ANNEX-II: TEST WELLS ACCOMPLISHMENT REPORT
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
iWater Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
TABLE OF CONTENT
1.   DRILLING AND TESTING OF WELLS............................................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 General Information................................................................................................................................................................. 1
1.2.   Drilling and logging.............................................................................................................................................................. 4
1.2.1.
Drilling................................................................................................................................................. 4
1.2.2.
Lithologic and Borehole Geophysical Logging.................................................................................... 4
1.2.3.
Casing installation............................................................................................................................... 5
1.2.4.        Gravel Packing and Well Completion.................................................................................................. 5
1.2.5.        Pumping Test.......................................................................................................................................5
2. MAJOR DATA OF TEST WELLS...................................................................................................................................................................... 9
2.1 DTW-01-13................................................................................................................................................................................... 9
2.1.1 Salient Feature............................................................................................................................................. 9
2.1.1.1  Location...............................................................................................................................................9
2.1.1.2    Drilling History....................................................................................................................................9
2.1.2 General information..................................................................................................................................... 9
2.1.3 Basic Well Characteristics.........................................................................................................................10
2.1.4  Drilling method and Diameter.................................................................................................................. 11
2.1.5   Logging, EC and Temperature................................................................................................................11
2.1.5.1    Geological Logging......................................................................................................................... 11
2.1.5.2 Electrical Conductivity & Temperature................................................................................................12
2.1.53     Geophysical cogging............................................................................................................. ........... 18
2.1.6 Casing and Observation Pipe installation and Gravel Packing.................................................................29
2.1.6       Casing Installation...........................................................................................................................29
2.1.7 Gravel packing........................................................................................................................................... 30
2.1.8 Well Development......................................................................................................................................30
2.1.9  Pumping Test........................................................................................................................................... 30
2.1.9.1    Preliminary Pumping Test............................................................................................ .. .................. 30
2.1.9.2    Constant and Recovery Pumping Test............................................................................................ 32
2.1.93 Constant Pumping Test...................................................................................................................... 33
2.1.9.4    Recovery Pumping Test................................................................................................................. 37
2.1.10 Water Quality...........................................................................................................................................40
2.1.11  Cementing and Grouting....................................................................................................................... 43
2.1.12  Well Head Construction......................................................................................................................... 43
2.1.13 Borehole camera inspection....................................................................................................................44
2.1.14  Well capping.......................................................................................................................................... 44
2.1.15 Conclusion and Recommendation..........................................................................................................44
2.2            DTW-02-13..................................................................................................................................................................... 45
2.2.1   Salient Feature........................................................................................................................................45
2.2.1.1 Location........................................................................................................................ ...................... 45
2.2.1.2    Drilling History................................................................................................................................ 45
2.2.2  General Information................................................................................................................................ 45
2. 2.3 Basic Well Characteristics....................................................................................................................... 46
2.2.4  Drilling method and Diameter.................................................................................................................. 46
2.2.5 Logging, EC and Temperature................................................................................................................ 47
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2.2.5.1 Geological Logging47
2.2.5.2 Electrical Conductivity & Temperature47
2.2.5.3 Geophysical Logging-52
2.2.6       Casing and Observation Pipe installation and Gravel Packing63
2.2.8   Gravel packing65
2.2.9   Well Development85
2.2.10  Pumping Test85
2.2.10.1  Preliminary Pumping Test-.............................................................................................................. 88
2.2.10.2  Constant and Recovery Pumping Test67
2.2.11 Water Quality78
2.3 DTW-03-1382
2.3.1 Salient Feature82
2.3.1.1.   Location82
2. 3.1.2. Drilling History82
2.3.2 General Information82
2.3.3 Basic Well Characteristics88
2.3.4 Drilling method and Diameter88
2.3.5 Logging, EC and Temperature84
2.3.5.1 Geological Logging84
2.3.5.2 Electrical Conductivity & Temperature85
2.3.5.3    Geophysical Logging87
2.3.6 Casing and Observation Pipe installation and Gravel Packing93
2.3.6.1    Casing Installation93
2.3.7 Gravel packing93
2.3.8  Well Development94
2.3.9 Pumping Test94
2.3.9.1    Constant and Recovery Pumping Test94
2.3.9.2    . Recovery Pumping Test98
2.3.10 Water Quality101
2.3.11 Cementing and Grouting104
2.3.12 Well Head Construction105
2.3.13 Borehole camera inspection105
2.3.14 Well Capping105
2.3.15 Conclusion and Recommendation105
2.4   DTW-04-13107
2.4.1 Salient Featureio7
2.4.1.1    Location.....107
2.4.1.2 Drilling History
2.4.2 General Information
2.4.3 Basic Well Characteristics
2.4.4  Drilling method and Diameter
2.4.5 Logging, EC and Temperature 10g
2.4.5.1    Geological Logging
2 4.5.2 Electrical Conductivity & Temperature
2.4.5.3 Geophysical Logging..
2.4.6 Casing and Observation Pipe installation and Gravel Packing 129
2.4.7 Casing Installation
2.4.8  Well Development...................................................................................................................... ^30
^08
10g
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2.4.9 Pumping Test
2.4.9.1 Preliminary Pumping Test139
2.4.9.2    Step Drawdown Pumping Test132
2.4.10  Constant and Recovery Pumping Test*35
2.4.10.1  Constant Pumping Test136
2 4.10.2 Recovery Pumping Test14®
2.4.11 Water Quality^43
2.4.12 Cementing and Grouting
2.4.13 Well Head Construction........................................................................................................................... 147
2.4.14 Borehole camera inspection147
2.4.15  Well capping147
2.4.16 Conclusion and Recommendation147
2.5 DTW-05-13149
2.5.1 Salient FeatureJ49
2.5.1.2    Location149
2.5.1.3    Drilling History-................................................................................................................................ I49
2.5.2 General Information
2.5.3 Basic Well Characteristics150
2.5.4 Drilling method and Diameter150
2.5.5 Logging, EC and Temperature151
2.5.5.1 Geological cogging151
2.5.5.2 Electrical Conductivity & Temperature~............................................................................................. 152
2.5.53     Geophysical Logging154
2.5.6  Casing and Observation Pipe installation and Gravel Packing163
2.5.7. Casing Installation163
2.5.8. Gravel packing163
2.5.9  Well Development164
2.5.10  Pumping Test164
2.5.10.1 Preliminary Pumping Test164
2.5.11  Constant and Recovery Pumping Test166
25.11.1 Constant Pumping Test......................................................................................................................166
2.5.11.2  Recovery Pumping Test170
2.5.12 Water Quality175
2.5.13 Cementing and Grouting178
2.5.14 Well Head Construction178
2.5.15 Borehole camera inspection278
2.5.16 Well CappingJ79
2.5.17 Conclusion and Recommendation279
2.6 DTW-06-13
2.6.1   Salient Feature}gQ
2.6.1.1    Location~.........................................................................................................................................180
2.6.1.2    Drilling Historylg0
2.6.2 General Informationigg
2.6.3 Basic Well Characteristicsjgl
2.6.4 Drilling method and Diameter
2.6.5  Logging, EC and Temperature
2.6.5.1    Geological Logging...................................................................................................................... 182 Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
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2.6.6 Electrical Conductivity & Temperature....................................................................................................... 182
2.6.7 Geophysical Logging..................................................................................................................................184
2.6.8  Casing and Observation Pipe installation and Gravel Packing.............................................................. 194
2.6.9 Gravel packing..........................................................................................................................................199
2.6.10 Well Development.................................................................................................................................. 195
2.6.11 Cementing and Grouting........................................................................................................................ 195
2.6.12 Well Head Construction........................................................................................................................ 195
2.6.13 Borehole camera inspection................................................................................................................... 196
2.6.14 Well capping........................................................................................................................................... 196
2.6.15 Conclusion and Recommendation..........................................................................................................196
2.7 DTW-10-13.................................................................................................................................................................................. 197
2.7.1 Salient Feature..........................................................................................................................................19?
2.7.1.1    Location........................................................................................................................................... 197
2.7.1.2    Drilling History................................................................................................................................. 197
2.7.2 General Information.................................................................................................................................. 197
2.7.3 Basic Well Characteristics........................................................................................................................ 198
2.7.4 Drilling method and Diameter................................................................................................................... 198
2.7.5  Logging, EC and Temperature............................................................................................................... 198
2.7.5.1    Geological Logging........................................................................................................................ 198
2.7.5.2    Electrical Conductivity & Temperature.......................................................................................... 199
2.7.53     Geophysical Logging..................................................................................................................... 203
2.7.6 Cosing and Observation Pipe installation and Gravel Packing................................................................ 211
2.7.7  Gravel packing........................................................................................................................................ 212
2.7.8 Well Development.................................................................................................................................... 212
2.7.9 Pumping Test............................................................................................................................................212
2.7.9.1    Preliminary Pumping Test..............................................................................................................212
2.7.9.2    Constant and Recovery Pumping Test.......................................................................................... 214
2.7.9       3 Recovery Pumping Test..............................................................................................................219
2.7.10 Water Quality..........................................................................................................................................223
2.7.11 Cementing and Grouting.........................................................................................................................226
2.7.12 Well Head Construction.......................................................................................................................... 226
2.7.13 Borehole camera inspection....................................................................................................................227
2.7.14 Well Capping...........................................................................................................................................227
2.7.15 Conclusion and Recommendation.......................................................................................................... 227
Final Reoort: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1.1: Test wells distribution map.............................................................................................................................................3
Figure 1.2 : Piper plot for the test wells in Musley fan and adjacent areas......................................................................... 8
Figure 2.1: Electrical Conductivity and Temperature................................................................................................................ 18
Figure 2.2: Geophysical log, Lithology and well construction............................................................................................... 28
Figure 2.3: Pumping test analysis..................................................................................................................................................... 40
Figure 2.4: Pie and piper Diagram of ALPW-003-12........................................................................................................................ 43
Figure 2. 5: ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY AND TEMPERATURE.................................................................................................... 52
Figure 2.6: Geophysical log, Lithology and well construction............................................................................................... 62
Figure 2.7: Pumping test analysis........................................................................................................................................... 76
Figure 2.8: Pie and Piper plot of the water quality analysis.................................................................................................... 79
Figure 2.9: Electrical Conductivity and Temperature................................................................................................................ 87
Figure 2.10: Geophysical log, Lithology and well construction............................................................................................. 92
Figure 2.11: Pumping test analysis.................................................................................................................................................101
Figure 2.12: Pie and Piper Diagram of DTW-003-13..................................................................................................................... 104
Figure 2.13: Electrical Conductivity and Temperature............................................................................................................116
Figure 2.14: Geophysical log, Lithology and well construction...........................................................................................128
Figure 2.15: Pie and Piper plot of the water quality analysis................................................................................................ 146
Figure 2.16: Electrical Conductivity and Temperature............................................................................................................154
Figure 2.17: Geophysical log, Lithology and well construction...........................................................................................162
Figure 2.18: Pumping test analysis.................................................................................................................................................175
Figure 2.19: Pie and Piper diagram of laboratory result........................................................................................................ 178
Figure 2.20: Electrical Conductivity and Temperature............................................................................................................ 184
Figure 2.21: Geophysical log, Lithology and well construction........................................................................................... 193
Figure 2.25: Pie and Piper diagram of water sample analysis........................................................................................... 226
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Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
viWater Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1.1: Summary of test well drilling result.............................................................................................................................. 6
Table 1.2: Summary of Water Quality Analysis Results................................................................................................................ 7
Table 2.1: Basic Well Characteristics..............................................................................................................................................10
Table 2.2: Drilling method and diameter.......................................................................................................................................... 11
Table 2.3: Lithological Description...................................................................................................................................................11
Table 2.4: Electrical Conductivity & Temperature data during drilling.................................................................................12
Table 2.5: Geophysical Logging data................................................................................................................................................ 19
Table 2.6: Casing Arrangement.......................................................................................................................................................... 29
Table 2. 7:Preliminary Pumping Test Data....................................................................................................................................... 31
Table 2.8: Constant Pumping Test Data........................................................................................................................................... 33
Table 2.9: Recovery Pumping Test Data...........................................................................................................................................37
Table 2.10: Chemical Analysis Results Data.......................................................................................................................... 4i
Table 2.11: Basic Well Characteristics................................................................................................................................. 46
Table 2.12: Drilling method and diameter........................................................................................................................................46
Table 2.13: lithological Description................................................................................................................................................ 47
Table 2.14: Electrical Conductivity & Temperature data during drilling..............................................................................48
Table 2.15: Geophysical logging data.............................................................................................................................................. 53
Table 2.16: Casing Arrangement........................................................................................................................................................64
Table 2.17: Preliminary Pumping Test Data.....................................................................................................................................66
Table 2.18: Constant Pumping Test Data.........................................................................................................................................68
Table2.19: RecoveryPumpingTestData............................................................................................................................................ 73
Table 2.20: Chemical Analysis Results Data.................................................................................................................................. 77
Table 2.21: Basic Well Characteristics.......................................................................................................................................... 83
Table 2.22: Drilling method and diameter....................................................................................................................................... 83
Table 2.23; Lithological Description............................................................................................................................................... 84
Table 2.24. Electrical Conductivity & Temperature data during drilling..............................................................................85
Table 2.25: Geophysical Logging data............................................................................................................................................. 88
Table 2.26: Casing Arrangement....................................................................................................................................................... 93
Table 2.27: Constant Pumping Test Data........................................................................................................................................ 94
Table 2.28: Recovery Pumping Test Data........................................................................................................................................98
Table 2. 29: CHEMICAL ANALYSIS RESULTS DATA................................................................................................ 102
Table 2.30: Basic Well Characteristics....................................................................................................................................... 108
Table 2.31: Drilling method and diameter.................................................................................................................................... 108
Table 2. 32: LITHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION.............................................................................................................. 109
Table 2.33: Electrical Conductivity & Temperature data during drilling........................................................................... 110
Table 2.34: Geophysical Logging data.......................................................................................................................................... 117
Table 2.35: Casing Arrangement.......................................................................................................................................... 129
Table 2.36: Preliminary Pumping Test Data................................................................................................................................. 131
Table 2.37: Step Drawdown Test Data......................................................................................................................................... 133
TABLE 2. 38: WELL EFFICIENCY CURVE......................................................................................................................................... 135
Table 2.39: Constant Pumping Test Data..................................................................................................................................... 136
Table 2.40: Recovery PumpingTest Data..................................................................................................................................... 140
TABLE 2.41: PUMPINGTEST ANALYSIS........................................................................................................................................... 143
Table 2.42: Chemical Analysis Results Data.............................................................................................................................. 144
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
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Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Table 2.43: Basic Well Characteristics
Table
2.44:
Drilling
method
and
diameter
Table 2. 45: LITHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION
Table            2.46:           Electrical             Conductivity             &          Temperature            data            during            drilling152
Table 2.47: Geophysical Logging data............................................................................................................................................... 155
Table
Table
Table
2.48:
Table
2.49:
2.50:
2.51:
Preliminary
Constant
Recovery
Casing Pumping
Pumping
Pumping
Test
Test
Test
Arrangement163 Data164 Data166
Data170
■
Table
2.52:
Chemical
Analysis
Results
Data176
Table
2.53:
Basic
Well
Characteristics181
Table
2.
54:
Drilling
method
and
diameter181
Table
2.55:
Lithological
Description182
Table            2.56:          Electrical            Conductivity            &          Temperature            data            during            drilling183
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
2.57: 2.58
2.59: 2.60:
Geophysical ;
Basic
Logging
Casing
Well
Drilling
method Lithological
and
2.61:
data185 Arrangement194
Characteristics198 diameter198
Description199
Table 2.62: Electrical Conductivity & Temperature data during drilling............................................................................. 200
Table
2.63
:
Geophysical
Table
2.
64.
Casing
Table
2.65:
Preliminary
Pumping
logging Test
■
Table 2.66: Constant Pumping Test Data215 Table 2.67 . Recovery Pumping Test Data Table 2. 68: Chemical Analysis Results Data
data204 Arrangement211
Data213
219
224
r.
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
1. Drilling and Testing of Wells
1.1 General Information
Here the summary of drilling wells is given. The main purposes of drilling of test wells are:
•    To understand Aquifer productivity and water quality variations in depth and lateral
•     To acquire subsurface data to calibrate the geophysical investigation results
•    To Obtain Aquifer parameters
The test wells are drilled  at the major fan  areas in  the study  area,  moreover the depth  of the wells were shallow to deep depending on the depth for Fresh and Salt water interface and the fan thickness .  The minimum depth  of test well is 92m ( DTW-3) which  is drilled  north  east of Gehertu fan close to the salt plain and the maximum depth of test well is 250m ( DTW-7 and DTW-9 ) drilled on Saba fan area.
The test well drilling in the proposed nine sites of the project area was started in Feb. 2012 two months later after the signing of the Contract i.e Dec. 2012. The main Contractor is Ethiopotash BV Ethiopian  branch  and  the Sub  Contractor is Raja Raja Mineral and Exploration Techniques Pic. The contractual time for the drilling was six months however due to various problems related to casing supply and access roads the contract was extended for two months where a total of ten  test boreholes (one extra test borehole added  with  amendments) are completed successfully.
The distribution  of test boreholes was planned  to  test the potential of the major fan  areas of Asabuye , Musley, Gehertu (North Musley) and Bekerti ( South Musley) and Saba fan areas. Accordingly  one test borehole is drilled  in  Asabuye fan  ( DTW-4) ,  three test boreholes in Gehertu fans i.e DTW- 1, DTW-2 and DTW-3, Two test boreholes in Musley fan ( DTW-5 and DTW-10 ) ,One test borehole in Bekerti fan ( DTW-6) and three test wells in Saba fan area (DTW-7, DTW-8 and DTW-9).
The drilling and construction of all the test boreholes is completed successfully, out of these around six boreholes in Musley , Asabuye and Gehertu fan ( DTW-1, DTW-2,DTW-3.DTW-4 
DTW-5 and DTW-10 are pump tested with constant discharge for 48 hours duration. The remaining three test wells in Saba area (DTW-7, DTW-8 and DTW-9) and One test well in
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
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Bekerti or South Musley fan( DTW-6) are not pump tested due to small yield 2-3 1/s as seen from pre test and this is not possible to be tested constantly with the available high yield pump ( 20-50
1/s) which is stated in the specification.
The distribution of mapping wells in the project area is shown in fig 1.1 and the summary of
mapping well data is given in table 1.1 and table 1.2
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
2Figure 1.1: Test wells distribution map
Legend
Adaqua
•       VMrter points
•------ towns
--------- Roads
Stream
iAl alluvial fans
I            Shade boundary
A GROUNDWATER
IEN1AND EVALUATION
PROJECT
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1.2. Drilling and Logging
1.2.1.   Drilling
According  to  the contract agreement,  the target depth  intended  to  drill is 250  m on  average.  The drilling  work  is totally  carried  out with  Mud  Rotary  system.  The drilling  work  is designed  to  drill up  to  150m depth  with  14  ° diameter and  below this with  10” diameter for the installation  of
10” and 6” diam. PVC casings.
The major drilling  problems encountered  so  far are Bit damaged  repeatedly  due to  very  hard boulders of basement rocks transported  from western  escarpment areas and  casing  stacking  in most of the test wells which  was solved  by  continuous riming  especially  for the deep  boreholes in  North  Musley  (DTW-4) due to  hard  meta-sedimentary  rocks and  intercalated  thick  clay  in Saba and Bekerti fan (DTW-7 and DTW-6) test boreholes.
According  to  the  contract,  the  drilling  work  was  agreed  to  be  carried  out  with  20”  drilling  bit  for
t
the
<I
upper  six  meter  soft  formation  where  17  “steel  surface  casing  is  installed  and  the  drilling  is
. 
continued  with  14  “bit up  to  150m with  the installation  of 10” casing  and  again  drilling  is continued  to  the bottom with  10  “ bit where 6  “ casing  is installed  .  For some boreholes which are drilled  up  to  200-250m depth,  this design  is followed  (DTW-2,  DTW-4,  DTW-7,  DTW-9) . However there are also  some local hydro-geological conditions where the drilling  with  large diameter is continued below 150m for some depth like DTW-4, DTW-2, DTW-6 and DTW-8.
In  the center of the alluvial fan  area,  the drilling  has encountered  coarse gravel and  sand formation  up  to  160m (DTW-1  and  DTW-2  in  Gehertu  fan) with  the intercalation  of clay  at different depth,  but below 160  or 170  meter the drilling  has encountered  basement rocks of Meta sedimentary and meta-volcanic rocks.
1.2.2. Lithologic and Borehole Geophysical Logging
Rock  cuttings were collected  at 2m interval and  where there were lithologic variations during drilling  in  all test wells.  Rock  cuttings and  sediments were described  properly  and  water bearing zones were identified.  Prior to  casing  installation,  geophysical borehole loggings like resistivity  , natural gamma ,  porosity,  conductivity  ,  caliper,  and  temperature loggings were conducted  to identify  the water-bearing  formation  and  lithologic unit variations through  geophysical signature
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
4Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
so  as  to  place  the  screen  in  appropriate  position  where  adequate  water  can  pass  through  it  and  to characterize different formations.
1.2.3.    Casing installation
Permanent casings PVC and  water level observation  pipes were installed  at the completion  of drilling.  As per the design  10  “ PVC casings were installed  up  to  150m and  6  “ PVC casings up to  250m for test boreholes like DTW-7  and  DTW-9.  For some test holes Like DTW-4,  DTW-2, DTW-6  and  DTW-8  installation  of 10  “ PVC casing  was continued  below 150m depth  depending on  the prevailing  hydro  geologic condition.  On  the other hand  drilling  was stopped  before the target depth  to  avoid  salt intrusion  from lower beds in  some test holes like DTW-1,  DTW-3  , DTW-5 and DTW-10
1.2.4.    Gravel Packing and Well Completion
For  all  completed  wells,  the  annular  spaces  were  packed  with  properly  washed  and  rounded  river gravel of 6-9 mm size.
1.2.5.    Pumping Test
Prior  to  the  commencement  of  step  draw  down  test,  provision  tests  were  conducted  at  least  for  1  - 2hrs to estimate the discharge rate for step and constant rate pumping tests.
To  evaluate well efficiency  and  to  determine the discharge rate for the constant lest,  step  draw down  tests were conducted  only  for DTW-4  since the draw down  is minimum for the other tested boreholes.
Constant rate pumping  tests were conducted  for the completed  test wells to  know the aquifer hydraulic parameters of the mapping  wells.  Submersible pump  with  maximum discharge capacity  of 50  1/s were used  to  conduct the tests.  The constant pumping  test was 48  hrs.The discharge obtained  from the pumping  test ranges from 5  1/s - 10  1/s ( for DTW-2  ,  DTW-4  and DTW- 5  ) to  more than  50  1/s for DTW-1  DTW-3  and  DTW-10  test holes in  Musley  and  Gehertu fan  areas with  minimum draw down.  This indicates that the wells can  yields more than  this yields if higher pumps were used.
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I
I
Well ID
Location
UTME
UTM N
Elev
Depth
SWL
a
i/«
DD
T,
m2/d
Sc, l/i/m
Driller
Drilling
started
Drilling completed
Remark
DTW-1
Gehertu
627462
1576873
-5
189
99 59
44
111
3890
39 64
RMS (Sub
Contractor)
31/3/2013
15/4/2013
The groundwater is fresh and the well yields more than 44 l/s with little draw down during pump testing.
DTW-2
Gehertu
626691
1576283
3922
223
144
10
6.47
714
1 56
RMS (Sub
Contractor)
22/4 /2013
1/5/2013
Drilling with large diameter (14" ) is done up to 170m and pump testing is completed The water is brackish.
DTW-3
North Gehertu
627337
1578555
-70 76
91
43 3
60
6 92
8 67
86
RMS (Sub
Contractor
7/S/2O13
13/5/2013
The yield is very high 60 l/s and the water is brackish
DTW-4
Asabuye
622916
1584222
112.96
251
132 8
10
19.57
62 8
0 51
RMS (Sub
Contractor
16/5/203
5/6/2013
The well can yield more if higher head pump is available. The aquifer is fractured meta
sandstone
DTW-5
Musley
628438
1573114
5 168
152
45 19
6
72 91
5.48
0.08229
RMS (Sub
Contractor
14/6/2013
17/6/2013
The water is fresh, the well is
drilled very close to escarpment
Bekerti
631676
1564435
27.107
160
40 7
RMS (Sub
Contra cto
22/6/2013
25/6/2013
DTW-6
Continues pump testing is not conducted due to low discharge( 2-3 l/s) from pre test by the available pump
DTW-7
Saba
627010
1547959
137.417
250
44 6
RMS (Sub
Contracto
1/7/2013
13/7/2013
Continues pump testing is not conducted due to low discharge ( 2-3 l/s) from pre test by the available pump
DTW-8
Saba
628837
1548947
99 93
170
25 76
RMS (Sub
Contractor
24/7/2013
29/7/2013
Continues pump testing is no! conducted due to low dischaige ( 2-3l/s)from pre test by the available pump
DTW-9
Saba
630771
1546472
57 04
250
262
RMS (Sub
Contracto
7/8/2013
14/8/2013
Continues pump testing is not conducted due to low discharge ( 2-3l/s)from pre test by the available pump
DTW-10
Saba
629306
1573479
-24
130
7928
50
876
5190
5 70
RMS (Sub
Contractor
22/8/2013
29/8/2013
The well yields more than 50 l/s and the water quality is good
Table 1. 1: Summary of test well drilling result
Final Report Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
6Water wuriw uedign anu
vu.w.. -
|------------
Station
pH
EC
TDS
NH4
Na
K
Total
Hard
Ca
Mg
Total
Iron
F
a
NO2
NO3
Alkalinity
HCO3
SO4
PO,
Date of
Analysis
DTW-1
78
1107
790
86
155
4095
123 48
24 19
0.01
0.7
71 93
21.25
40
48 8
434 84
0.1
DTW-2
7 99
15.590
11300
2500
120
4725
1848
252
01
1.18
5977 65
1 52
96
117 12
775 78
0 08
DTW-3
7 44
58400
43840
10500
770
11130
3738
4284
005
1 82
26496 25
057
40
48 8
849 38
0.34
DTW-4
681
19700
13620
2575
111
5400
1440
432
021
1 84
8393 68
457
60
732
508 92
004
DTW-5
6 84
1394
910
154
23.5
400
144
96
002
0 63
65 43
5 15
352
42944
283 53
009
DTW-10
655
2410
1660
126
10 50
1240
384
67 20
0 01
0 65
178 38
0.67
1156
1410.32
181 45
0 34
Table 1. 2: Summary of Water Quality Analysis Results
Units:- EC - pS/c. Major cations and anions - mg/l, Depth - m
Final Report Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
7Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Piper Plot
Figure 1.2 : Piper plot for the test wells in Musley fan and adjacent areas
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
8Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
2.   Major Data of Test Wells
2.1 DTW-01-13
2.1.1  Salient Feature
2.1.1.1      Location
The project area is found  in  Zone Two  Dallol woreda of Afar National Regional State.  Dallol is located  in  the nonh  eastern  pan  of the Ethiopia around  200  kins NE  of Mekele town  riding  on asphalt road  of 50  km up  to  Agula town  and  driving  to  eastwards for 200  kms through  Berehale woreda town  on  gravel road  up  to  the area.  The well is specifically  located  in  zone 2  in  the alluvial fan  in  the site of Gehertu  within  Bada kebelle and  it is found  around  8kms far from Musley  (Ethiopotash  camp) with  the geographic coordinates of (Adindan) : UTM zone 37:- 627462E, 1576873N and Elevation -9m.b.s.l
2.1.1.2  Drilling History
Drilling  operations was carried  out from 31th  March,  2013  to  15th  April,  2013  using  mud  rotary system with  drilling  fluid  water and  bentonite.  The total penetration  depth  reached  is 189m below ground  level of which  the first 6m was drilled  20” rock  bit and  installed  with  17” surface casing.  Drilling  down  the well is continued  with  14  tungsten  carbide inserted  bit up  to  164m and  10" up  to  189m using  tungsten  carbide bits,  10” blind  and  screen  PVC casing  installed according  to  the casing  arrangement up  to  162m,  down  162m up  to  189m seal sand  and  clay  for salinity aspects.
2.1.2    General Information
Project: Dallol Groundwater Evaluation Project
Client: Ministry of Water and Energy. Date of Contract: 19   December 2012
Drilling  Contractor:  Ethiopotash  has  sub  contract  the  whole  work  for  RAJ  mineral  &  Exploration Services FZE (Ethiopia Branch)
Drilling started: 31/03/13                    Drilling Completed: 11/04/13
th
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9Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Type of work: Test Well (observation well, production well, rehabilitation, Deepening existing well)
Well use: for Irrigation (Water supply, Industrial, Irrigation, specify if other) 2.1.3  Basic Well Characteristics
Table 2.1: Basic Well Characteristics
Well Index
DTW-01
Well depth, m
189
Static water level ,m
99.59
Pumping test Pump position, m
119.15
Pumpmg test discharge ,I/s
44
Pumping test Pump power, Kw
300
Maximum drawdown, m
1.11
Dynamic Water level ,m
100.70
Transmissivity ,m /day
2
6.49 x IO’
Hydraulic conductivity (m/ d)
9.27x102
Safe Yield, 1/s
44
Well Type
Test
Main Aquifer
gravel and coarse sand
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
10Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
2.1.4    Drilling method and Diameter Table 2. 2: Drilling method and diameter
Depth interval
Drilling
Drilling system
Surface casing used
0-6m
20"
Mud Rotary
17" steel casing
6-164m
14"
Mud Rotary
10" Screen & Blind PVC casing
164-189m
10"
Mud Rotary
Seal(Sand & Clay)
2.1.5    Logging, EC and Temperature
2.1.5.1 Geological Logging
In  the whole course of drilling,  drill cuttings were collected  at 2  meters fixed  interval to  describe both  the lithology  of formation  samples penetrated  by  the borehole and  the stratigraphical succession. Samples were described properly and water bearing zones were identified.
For the purpose of litho  logical logging,  formation  samples that were collected  and  provided  at every  two  linear meters interval were described  using  the aid  of hand  lens.  In  general the stratigraphic sequences encountered  throughout the penetrated  depth  of the well are fine sand, gravel and coarse sand. The possible water bearing formations are gravel and coarse sand.
Table 2. 3: Lithological Description
Depth
Lithology
0
6
Boulders with day
6
24
Fine sand
24
48
Coarse to medium gray color sand
48
76
Gray color fine sand with some silt
76
88
Gray color gravel with sand
88
96
Coarse to medium sand
96
117
Coarse to fine sand with clay and silt
117
164
Coarse sand with gravel
164
188
Coarse sand and fine gravel with gray black to brownish color
188
192
Coarse sand with gravel
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
2.1.5.2 Electrical Conductivity & Temperature
During  drilling  electrical conductivity  (EC),  Total dissolved  substance (TDS),  Salinity  and temperatures of the water were measured.  No  any  significant changes in  conductivity  and temperature of the drilling fluid were observed during drilling, in the pumping and development test EC, TDS, Salinity and Temperature reduced
Electrical Conductivity & Temperature of drilling fluid (mud) versus Depth during Drilling Table 2. 4: Electrical Conductivity & Temperature data during drilling
Depth (m)
PH
Temperature
(0c)
EC (ms)
TDS (mg/l)
Salinity (mg/l)
10
8.71
39.10
2.24
1339
1340
12
8.28
37.50
2.18
1309
1309
16
7.84
34.80
2.18
1285
1274
20
7.90
35.60
2.30
1338
1343
24
8.20
37.40
2.44
1414
1400
26
8.01
36.30
2.30
1350
1321
28
7.96
35.80
2.32
1368
1366
30
8.10
34.80
2.75
1647
1646
32
8.08
36.01
2.35
1632
1633
36
7.97
32.98
2.26
1657
1660
38
8.10
35.20
2.30
1623
1622
40
8.08
36.04
2.29
1414
1613
42
7.80
36.00
2.45
1420
1425
44
7.92
35.00
2.50
1458
1452
46
7.88
34.70
2.45
1431
1416
48
7.88
35.30
2.43
1420
1416
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
12Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth (m)
PH
Temperature
(0c)
EC (ms)
TDS (mg/l)
Salinity (mg/l)
50
7.80
36.90
2.41
1420
1390
52
7.79
34.50
2.36
1381
1397
57
7.88
34.60
2.30
1354
1367
60
7.83
34.70
2.38
1363
1306
64
7.84
36.20
2.29
1329
1306
68
7.75
35.90
2.30
1332
1346
70
7.80
36.30
2.19
1312
1308
72
7.83
37.20
2.18
1223
1220
74
7.81
37.30
2.02
1201
1187
76
7.74
36.80
2.03
1206
1199
78
7.61
37.40
1.93
1151
1157
80
7.68
37.50
1.95
1159
1165
82
7.75
34.40
2.00
1188
1174
84
7.44
36.30
1.99
1173
1165
86
7.72
36.00
2.24
1623
1620
88
7.55
35.90
2.02
1330
1328
90
7.37
35.60
1.97
1248
1220
92
7.72
36.50
1.92
1118
1116
94
7.63
35.80
1.85
1092
1090
96
7.72
36.00
1.90
1080
1082
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth (m)
PH
Temperature
(0c)
EC (ms)
TDS (mg/l)
Salinity (mg/l)
98
7.54
34.50
1.85
1127
1135
100
7.51
34.90
1.90
1113
1123
102
7.54
35.60
1.92
1072
1083
104
7.56
35.20
1.88
1092
1101
106
7.54
35.90
1.89
1097
1109
108
7.56
35.40
1.80
1088
1100
110
7.51
35.40
1.78
1056
1050
112
7.52
35.30
1.76
1057
1048
114
7.55
35.20
1.70
1002
1000
116
7.56
35.90
1.67
1000
996
118
7.42
36.60
1.75
1031
1025
120
7.43
34.20
1.72
1027
1010
122
7.41
34.00
1.75
1012
1015
124
7.48
35.70
1.75
1039
1020
126
7.23
35.40
1.70
978
972
128
7.14
33.90
1.75
990
988
130
7.15
34.70
1.67
994
991
132
7.71
37.30
1.73
1027
1016
133
7.12
36.50
1.69
1011
1008
134
7.12
36.20
1.72
993
992
135
7.23
36.80
1.74
1085
1062
136
7.20
34.50
1.80
1068
1053
Final Report Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth (m)
PH
Temperature
(0c)
EC (ms)
TDS (mg/l)
Salinity (mg/l)
137
7.56
35.20
1.91
1132
1121
138
7.62
35.10
1.90
1124
1114
139
7.44
35.40
1.89
1127
1115
140
7.68
36.30
1.87
1091
1088
141
7.26
29.20
1.80
1054
1042
142
7.33
33.80
1.98
1165
1062
143
7.43
34.80
1.94
1152
1151
144
7.39
34.00
1.93
1160
1159
145
7.44
34.10
1.97
1200
1189
146
7.45
36.70
2.05
1200
1190
147
7.43
37.80
2.01
1205
1191
148
7.29
36.70
1.89
1130
1122
149
7.42
37.10
1.93
1131
1124
150
7.54
35.20
1.94
1156
1126
151
7.32
34.80
1.89
1113
1107
152
7.64
33.50
1.91
1137
1130
153
7.83
33.90
1.90
1134
1120
154
7.80
32.20
1.88
1105
1105
155
7.90
34.10
1.95
1152
1131
156
7.60
33.80
1.96
1157
1144
157
7.50
33.60
1.92
1146
1122
158
7.70
34.10
2.02
1148
1133
159
7.80
34.20
1.92
1139
1118
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth (m)
PH
Temperature
(0c)
EC (ms)
TDS (mg/l)
Salinity (mg/l)
160
7.70
33.40
1.90
1129
1015
161
7.10
34.00
1.94
1123
1086
162
7.60
33.80
1.97
1115
1091
163
7.80
34.80
1.85
1109
1092
164
7.30
35.20
1.89
1135
1115
165
7.89
34.20
1.84
1072
1062
166
7.60
35.30
1.90
1128
1085
167
7.20
35.40
2.10
1205
1168
168
7.60
36.40
1.94
1140
1127
169
7.60
35.30
1.90
1123
1098
170
7.30
35.20
1.98
1160
1143
171
7.20
36.10
1.93
1134
1129
172
7.10
35.80
1.98
1188
1180
173
7.20
30.30
1.87
1121
1121
174
7.21
33.30
1.95
1159
1156
175
7.33
35.10
1.90
1127
1121
176
7.34
36.80
2.19
1125
1245
177
7.80
34.20
2.10
1242
1235
178
7.70
34.50
2.17
1281
1266
179
7.20
33.90
2.14
1260
1249
180
7.10
34.10
2.18
1282
1268
181
7.30
34.20
2.10
1262
1267
182
7.20
34.70
2.20
1288
1274
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth (m)
PH
Temperature
(0c)
EC (ms)
TDS (mg/l)
Salinity (mg/l)
83
7.50
34.70
2.21
1285
1273
184
7.40
34.10
2.24
1298
1297
185
7.60
34.90
2.21
1305
1285
186
7.10
34.20
2.30
1307
1303
187
7.42
31.60
2.38
1397
1387
188
7.43
33.00
2.42
135
1391
189
7.55
35.10
2.43
1433
1428
190
7.60
36.10
2.44
1447
1441
191
7.50
37.00
2.43
1423
1438
192
7.60
35.50
2.42
1433
1425
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
17Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Figure 2.1: Electrical Conductivity and Temperature
2.1.5.3 Geophysical Logging
Right after the completion of the drilling  operation,  geophysical logging  were conducted which aid also in arrangement of the casing  The logging  methods were short normal,  long  normal resistivity.  Caliper, Temperalure, Natural gamma. Neutron and Conductivity
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
18Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Tabic 2. 5: Geophysical Logging data
Depth
m
Conductivity 
pS/cm
Temperature
•c
SNR
Ohm.m
LNR
Ohm.m
Natural
Gamma
API
Neutron
Porosity
%
Caliper
mm
1
-999
-999
-999
-999
31.4766
-999
-999
2
-999
-999
-999
-999
0
-999
451.493
3
-999
-999
-999
-999
10.8054
-999
452.423
4
-999
-999
-999
-999
0
-999
452.113
5
-999
-999
-999
-999
21.141
-999
451.184
6
-999
-999
-999
-999
10.3356
-999
404.518
7
-999
-999
-999
-999
21.6108
-999
444.656
8
-999
-999
-999
-999
34.2954
-999
504.882
9
-999
-999
-999
-999
22.5504
-999
501.021
10
-999
-999
-999
-999
21.6108
-999
454.59
11
-999
-999
-999
-999
31.4766
-999
401.632
12
-999
-999
-999
-999
10.3356
-999
386.47
13
-999
-999
150.165
489.287
21.6108
-999
400.989
14
-999
-999
148.34
493.529
45.1008
-999
457.37
15
-999
-999
148.091
490.584
29.335
-999
435.277
16
-999
-999
147.007
499.882
9.77833
20.2119
431.822
17
1359.86
36.0794
148.042
492.694
29.335
31.1539
401.31
18
1398.33
36.3304
142.502
472.168
19.5567
17.9477
390.355
19
1434.42
36.2294
138.564
461.588
39.1133
22.1602
375.739
20
1460.66
35.9994
133.541
458.425
29.335
17.6291
391.971
21
1499.86
35.5834
133.936
461.872
11.734
19.5524
386.47
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth
m
Conductivity
pS/cm
Temperature
•c
SNR
Ohm.m
LNR
Ohm.m
Natural
Gamma
API
Neutron
Porosity
%
Caliper
mm
22
1530.35
35.3074
134.662
458.722
19.5567
18.1508
381.926
23
1543.14
35.3084
132.351
285.853
39.1133
27.9074
443.721
24
1554.09
35.4884
90.1659
262.278
39.1133
30.4791
385.822
25
1552.21
35.8254
89.1681
245.758
0
29.3786
413.463
26
1547.47
36.0684
89.9544
242.411
19.5567
27.6548
438.724
27
1545.62
36.0474
85.5901
228.985
0
23.8077
413.463
28
1552.9
35.9564
86.1242
222.016
19.5567
30.3115
419.186
29
1553.82
36.1454
85.6392
215.272
29.335
27.3415
377.043
30
1560.77
36.0664
84.5672
209.201
19.5567
24.8133
369.529
31
1558.98
36.1994
82.8809
204.849
29.335
21.3342
377.043
32
1558.8
36.4284
82.009
204.178
0
18.6497
382.251
33
1568.75
36.5474
83.1213
201.424
29.335
18.1226
368.546
34
1567.19
36.6494^
84.0015
203.573
39.1133
19.9081
363.624
35
1571.74
36.5914
84.3925
200.396
9.77833
17.7996
363.624
36
1573.75
36.5614
79.8494
195.699
58.67
22.1921
363.296
37
1576.95
36.5754
80.2979
200.193
0
18.7423
360.336
38
1569.49
36.5864
84.7307
202.854
19.5567
19.8657
366.579
39
1572.2
36.5964
85.7289
203.798
29.335
15.392
360.336
40
1573.56
36.6344
87.277
203.284
29.335
16.7477
362.638
41
1577.25
36.7844
84.8732
199.411
19.5567
18.5377
363.296
42
1581.41
36.8504
80.5949
200.971
35.202
19.7267
364.281
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth
m
Conductivity 
pS/cm
Temperature
°C
SNR
Ohm.m
LNR
Ohm.m
Natural
Gamma
API
Neutron
Porosity
%
Caliper
mm
43
1578.73
36.8834
86.5846
200.367
29.335
17.2243
363.953
44
1579.11
36.8914
86.7801
202.511
9.77833
16.9599
366.579
45
1579.43
36.9234
86.56
197.263
29.335
15.1632
363.624
46
1582.48
36.9424
83.4595
197.375
23.468
15.74
370.184
47
1581.15
36.9914
82.6975
200.251
29.335
20.4608
366.579
48
1564.53
37.0144
86.2668
192.459
35.202
19.5232
366.251
49
1571.08
37.0354
82.73
191.677
19.5567
19.7605
372.473
50
1606.97
37.0874
79.5439
184.231
19.5567
16.8981
365.923
51
1611.16
37.1074
76.2391
180.974
67.0514
16.2188
362.31
52
1607.88
37.0974
75.1148
176.981
29.335
19.3874
356.051
53
1611.79
37.0844
75.1555
172.904
19.5567
17.0149
356.381
54
1567.2
37.0694
75.5347
169.916
9.77833
12.9448
355.061
55
1566.61
37.0694
75.0453
170.632
39.1133
16.4079
366.579
56
1561.77
37.0954
72.7637
168.385
29.335
19.127
365.923
57
1564.53
37.1474
71.6064
167.913
23.468
17.4634
358.03
58
1566.81
37.1504
74.5853
168.467
23.468
13.9048
354.4
59
1568.7
37.1684
74.6094
167.586
0
18.3526
354.73
60
1571.22
37.1624
73.7211
169.485
11.734
20.6865
358.03
61
1570.58
37.1644
72.6822
172.722
23.468
21.3788
357.7
62
1571.44
37.1764
75.8809
169.344
11.734
18.9177
357.7
63
1573.72
37.2014
75.6118
171.836
35.202
18.7532
355.391
64
1571.01
37.2144
75.8808
171.311
35.202
15.4775
356.711
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth
m
Conductivity 
pS/cm
Temperature
°C
SNR
hm.m
LNR
hm.m
Natural
Gamma
API
Neutron
Porosity
%
Caliper
mm
65
1571.79
37.2074
75.457
171.505
23.468
17.7688
355.391
66
1565.37
37.1824
76.0275
174.096
14.6675
17.4517
356.711
67
1566.68
37.1774
76.439
171.406
0
19.7337
360.336
68
1564.48
37.1714
75.9134
173.554
9.77833
24.9147
359.018
69
1566.04
37.2014
77.4495
175.975
35.202
24.4329
359.348
70
1559.47
37.2264
78.024
177.833
23 468
21.2762
354.73
71
1561.01
37.2794
79.4991
176.794
11.734
19.6094
359.018
72
1563.11
37.2894
77.4414
173.922
35.202
16.3215
354.4
73
1563.75
37.2874
74.9191
174.51
23.468
18.3523
356.051
74
1562.76
37.3024
78.896
173.057
23.468
16.8709
348.776
75
1563.38
37.3014
76.6019
169.788
23.468
18.4868
352 417
76
1565.33
37.2944
74.8213
165.007
0
19.5382
352.417
77
1563.97
37.3234
71.4107
158.621
11.734
28.1842
344.796
78
1563.63
37.3364
70.8647
149.68
35.202
19.936
348.445
79
1562.61
37.3524
68.7295
143.36
35.202
14.4244
354.4
80
1562.51
37.3564
65.6898
133.268
23.468
15.7117
360.994
81
1563.93
37.3694
56.9612
117.153
23.468
17.9341
358.03
82
1563.37
37.3684
49.2878
103.748
0
16.0422
369.856
83
1562.88
37.3644
45.1434
100.684
35.202
24.67
366.251
84
1564.79
37.3814
54.2922
97.6082
0
16.3315
3S9.018
85
1557.56
37.3874
47.572
82.0907
11.734
16.2492
356.051
86
1561.45
37.3964
31.7559
84.8608
23.468
29.0983
350.101
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth
m
Conductivity 
pS/cm
Temperature
°C
SNR
Ohm.m
LNR
Ohm.m
Natural
Gamma
API
Neutron
Porosity
%
Caliper
mm
87
1560.51
37.4094
52.2589
93.7628
29.335
21.7705
355.721
88
1561.93
37.4224
62.43
122.179
11.734
27.4545
356.381
89
1559.61
37.4214
65.5351
126.457
11.734
40.4305
360.336
90
1576.35
37.4114
65.8529
137.615
11.734
28.6692
352.086
91
1575.18
37.4114
66.9001
139.249
19.5567
32.3558
358.03
92
1576.06
37.4224
68.5012
137.523
39.1133
32.1384
348.776
93
1576.7
37.4204
66.2156
137.623
48.8917
24.2101
350.432
94
1578.68
37.4124
65.0093
134.113
9.77833
29.2285
353.739
95
1579.32
37.4104
65.6206
125.829
11.734
29.0685
348.776
96l
1578.36
37.4244
60.8487
107.341
11.734
36.3652
357.7
97
1579.4
37.4294
45.3836
74.3811
0
26.5835
361.323
98
1580.39
37.4364
29.1799
53.9467
23.468
42.0622
359.677
99
1579.54
37.4464
22.9402
46.1079
9.77833
34.5621
364.61
100
1579.35
37.4534
19.3209
26.4847
23.468
36.9971
375.086
101
1579.8
37.4584
20.2828
39.8303
46.936
44.6596
375.086
102
1577.72
37.4704
18.3346
37.5191
46.936
46.0764
381.926
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth
M
Conductivity 
pS/cm
Temperature
•c
SNR
Ohm.m
LNR
Ohm.m
Natural
Gamma
API
Neutron
Porosity
%
Caliper
Mm
103
1577.96
37.4834
18.412
39.1177
35.202
39.2747
380.625
104
1579.48
37.4924
20.026
39.3951
11.734
47.4606
375.739
105
1578.71
37.4994
21.0613
39.3205
35.202
57.8017
376.391
106
1581.46
37.5064
20.5599
39.4531
11.734
34.2849
375.086
107
1582.44
37.5134
19.3169
39.1342
70.404
39.0193
373.78
108
1582.79
37.5224
19.5166
35.7965
23.468
49.4896
366.251
109
1583.22
37.5284
17.5317
36.7116
58.67
63.1461
374.107
110
1583.11
37.5324
20.3317
35.7425
11.734
49.6036
370.838
111
1583.43
37.5424
23.682
34.5831
0
25.796
386.47
112
1584.58
37.5434
21.4851
28.8638
23.468
26.5818
377.043
113
1584.42
37.5494
13.4191
26.2216
58.67
36.6494
400.026
114
1581.24
37.5584
10.8677
23.745
35.202
39.7663
420.137
115
1579.9
37.69641
11.2264
22.4776
70.404
40.1613
406.439
116
1571.43
37.7064
12.3228
22.2086
35.202
41.262
396.164
117
1575.61
37.7034
11.9152
24.4781
48.8917
38.4591
391.971
118
1576.19
37.7034
17.5563
27.1368
35.202
54.87
360.336
119
1578.56
37.7024
33.4798
41.1346
19.5567
26.4088
352.086
120
1583.84
37.7024
36.6912
57.2181
23.468
25.5495
352.086
121
1587.27
37.7054
37.763
62.5762
19.5567
27.3497
353.739
122
1584.82
37.7094
38.8267
65.4872
46.936
30.2373
356.711
123
1588.17
37.7154
40.465
68.0088
23.468
32.0821
365.923
124
1590.94
37.7214
41.6794
68.808
11.734
21.2991
345.46
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areasWater Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
o
Depth
M
Conductivity 
pS/cm
Temperature
•c
SNR
Ohm.m
LNR
Ohm.m
Natural
Gamma
API
Neutron
Porosity
%
•'
\\ 4
Caliper
Mn>
x
125
1591.01
37.7624
43.4236
70.9074
11.734
22.4485
354.4
126
1589 12
37.7894
42.0096
73.0645
58.67
32.113
353.739
127
1572.18
37.8104
43.819
72.5841
23.468
26.7769
354.73
128
1572.13
37.8344
43.2809
72.9196
23.468
31.5831
347.782
129
1572.87
37.8504
42.1033
69.3835
11.734
24.2221
345.46
130
1573.09
37.8644
39.4543
66.6506
0
24.8892
346.123
131
1573.96
37.8754
38.5536
67.3463
29.335
22.0012
346.455
132
1574.84
37.8864
39.8699
70.5553
11.734
28.2227
353.409
133
1576.33
37.8964
43.3666
70.7375
11.734
24.5798
350.432
134
1576.62
37.9074
42.629
69.7354
23.468
23.4612
372.8
135
1577.49
37.9184
38.9774
69.9094
58.67
33.4659
365.595
136
1573.73
37.9284
37.5185
68.4353
35.202
29.7674
368.874
137
1572.93
37.9364
38.1664
67.2594
23.468
30.4959
384.2
138
1578.08
37.9404
38.5903
66.4519
23.468
22.3896
367.563
139
1576.27
38.0304
38.6392
67.8928
11.734
26.7341
379.324
140
1575.59
38.0564
38.9775
66.2366
11.734
22.9916
357.37
141
1575.9
38.0664
37.8893
65.3381
46.936
28.861
349.107
142
1576.88
38.0734
38.3866
65.1351
35.202
25.0249
348.776
143
1577.28
38.0804
38.1502
66.9653
46.936
27.2108
360.336
144              1577.2
38.0834
37.8078
67.0109
11.734
27.3844
350.432
145              1578.1
38.0934
39.2872
66.5347
11.734
34.1757
348.445
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
25Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth
M
Conductivity 
pS/cm
Temperature
•c
SNR
Ohm.m
LNR
Ohm.m
Natural
Gamma
API
Neutron
Porosity
%
Caliper
Mm
146
1579.03
38.1024
39.3524
68.7127
23.468
26.8858
377.695
147
1580.37
38.1174
38.4558
67.868
19.5567
31.4349
346.455
148
1579.66
38.1444
38.2398
68.7583
46.936
34.9968
356.381
149
1576.75
38.1664
39.1446
68.7045
23.468
25.6037
353.739
150
1576.28
38.1844
39.8292
70.8244
23.468
29.3846
353.409
151
1579.6
38.1904
41.6061
69.7313
70.404
26.6557
337 476
152
1580.6
38.2404
40.306
70.224
9.77833
23.4113
327.783
153
1578.02
38.2724
39.2546
69.3669
35.202
31.2042
334.473
154
1579.18
38.2944
42.2826
68.0999
29.335
19.9898
338.476
155
1580.76
38.3004
40.5342
69.3959
23.468
23.664
342.137
156
1582.34
38.3064
40.1634
71.1805
78.2267
26.3258
348.113
157
1583.02
38.3244
41.4838
68.5098
23.468
31.9377
349.439
158
1584.1
38.3494
39.3402
68.9777
19.5567
31.7833
341.472
159
1585.78
38.3514
39.8944
66.7293
19.5567
29.8335
350.763
160
1587.89
38.3594
38.4395
66.1911
11.734
27.2279
363.624
161
1587.83
38.3834
38.953
66.2366
9.77833
27.1673
363.953
162
1587.43
38.3984
39.8863
66.9819
9.77833
23.0283
374.433
163
1586.77
38.4234
40.8888
66.8991
11.734
24.7283
359.677
164
1584.87
38.4514
42.2826
61.3836
35.202
26.404
282.379
165
1585.53
38.4484
43.3625
56.4478
46.936
26.5511
272 425
166
1562.8
38.5214
45.8077
55.7438
35.202
23.6922
265.534
167
1566.21
38.6564
42.3111
54.3028
46.936
23.1457
265.879
_________
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth
M
Conductivity
pS/cm
Temperature
°C
SNR
Ohm.m
LNR
Ohm.m
Natural
Gamma
API
Neutron
Porosity
%
Caliper
Mm
168
1559.86
38.7234
41.28
49.9921
0
25.2656
261.39
169
1604.95
38.8684
407421
48.5262
11.734
24.0465
262.427
170
1592.72
38.8964
38.574
48.4972
23.468
29.3973
262.427
171
1588.01
38.9444
40.2123
44.6129
0
21.0935
265.189
172
1580.6
39.0084
36.6871
42.7536
9.77833
21.862
262.772
173
1578.33
39.0514
33.8302
39.8341
11.734
21.4479
261.39
174
1581.37
39.1324
35.5541
36.6412
70.404
20.4574
265.189
175
1587.77
39.1064
34.2948
30.9925
19.5567
23.9046
262.427
176
1581.52
39.1704
28.5198
26.6275
29.335
23.1448
263.118
177
1582.85
39.1854
23.6209
23.3764
93.872
27.2546
302.493
178
1573.71
39.2514
24.2811
19.7029
35.202
24.5883
304.189
179
1579.67
39.2854
22.8139
17.0482
35.202
21.9608
267.259
180
1575.27
39.3014
20.7475
14.8614
39.1133
23.7157
270.36
181
1569.98
39.3294
15.5182
14.1325
46.936
24.0561
272.425
182
1570.5
39.3534
14.0835
11.9705
70.404
22.0512
272.081
183
1570.61
39.3714
12.8119
11.4031
35.202
22.5039
276.549
184
1572.73
39.3994
12.2249
11.283
19.5567
21.6364
267.603
185
1567.99
39.4064
10.2359
11.0759
23.468
26.9491
265.879
186
1570.61
39.4154
12.2412
12.6208
-999
22.1621
264.844
187
-999
39.4354
9.18836
-999
-999
-999
264.499
188
-999
-999
-999
-999
-999
-999
258.624
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
27Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Figure 2. 2: Geophysical log, Lithology and well construction
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
2.1.6  Casing and Observation Pipe installation and Gravel Packing
Casing  arrangement is done after considering  geophysical logging,  formation  samples (drill cutting), penetration rate in order to identify the water bearing formations and arrange the screen and blind production casings so as to set the screen casings against the aquifer portion of the well. Since the proper positioning of the screen and blind casings ensure the free passage of the groundwater flow from the aquifer to  the well and  thereby  maximize the amount of water withdrawn from the well, special care was given to the appropriate placing of the screens.
Then after, well is cleaned to make ready for installation of production casing. Installation of 10" inches PVC production casing with screen setting pursuant to the water bearing formation were performed.
2.1.6 Casing Installation
Table 2. 6: Casing Arrangement
Well depth interval
from the surface
Casing Length
from
To
Casing 
material
(steel,
PVC)
Diameter
(OD),
inch
Wall
thickness,
inch
Connection 
of casings’
Blind
Screen
Screen 
opening 
length,
m
Screen 
opening 
width,
m
%of
screen 
opening
Remark
0
6
steel
17
8
welding
6
Surface
casimg
0.66
121.09
PVC
10
73
121.09
121.09
13834
10
17.25
138.34
144.09
10
M
5.75
144.09
162
10
17.25
162
189
seal
seal
Oohnson, Perforated, Slotted, specify if any other)
seal
* Connection types: 1) Welded, 2) Coupling, 3) Spigot and ball 4) any other please specify
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
29Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
2.1.7 Gravel packing
After the completion of casing installation the annular space between the wall of the well and the casing packed with 14m3gravel. The gravel is clean, well rounded grains of uniform size which ranges between 6-9mm and they are free from soluble materials.
2.1.8 Well Development
To remove the mud cake or drilling fluid film that coats the borehole and to increase the natural porosity and permeability of the formation in the vicinity of the borehole, well development is carried out. The well developed by air compressor, for 8 hours until the water become clean and silt/sand free.
2.1.9  Pumping Test
2.1.9.1 Preliminary Pumping Test
The  preliminary  pumping  test  is  conducted  for  1  hrs  the  yield  of  the  well  is  441/s  and  the maximum drawdown is 1.26m.
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
30Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Table 2. 7:Preliminary Pumping Test Data
Pump Type:Deep well submersible pumpH =m Q =441/s
Pump position: _119.15_ m Method of Measurement:V-notchIf V-notch, Type Static water level (SWL):99.55m. If Artesian Piezometric head above the surface of the earth:
m
Date
Time since
pumping
started,
min
Water
Level(m)
Draw
Down(m)
Q(cm)
EC,
pS/cm
Tcm Oc
TDS
Salinity
0
99 56
1
9969
2
100 45
25
3
100.65
4
10075
25
5
100.75
6
100 75
7
100.75
8
100 76
25
9
100.76
10
100.76
12
100.77
14
100.77
25
1066
46.1
772
0.52
16
100 77
1084
45.1
781
0.52
18
100.77
1094
45.8
745
0.51
20
100.77
1125
45.5
750
0.51
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
31Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Date
Time since
pumping
started,
min
Water
Level(m)
Draw
Down(m)
Q(cm)
EC,
pS/cm
Tem Oc
TDS
Salinity
25
100.78
1080
46
735
0.51
30
100 81
26
35
100.81
1056
46
728
0.48
40
100.81
45
100.81
1077
46
729
0.49
50
100.81
26
60
100.81
26
1080
44.6
742
0.52
2.1.9.2   Constant and Recovery Pumping Test
A constant pumping test for continuous 22 hours was conducted with Q= 441/s; immediately after the completion of the constant rate test, recovery water level monitoring were proceed for 12 hours. The recovery attains 92 percent within 5 minutes; the pump position for this well is set to 119.15 meters.
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
32Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
2.1.9.3    Constant Pumping Test
Table 2. 8: Constant Pumping Test Data
Constant Test Start Date: 04-06-13(d/m/y)                   Constant Test End Date: 05-06-13 Constant Test Duration:22hours Pump type: submersible
SWL: 99.59 and stick out lm              Pump position: 119.15m Q:_______________________ 1/s
If Artesian Piezometric head above the surface of the earth:m
Date
Time
since
pumping
started,
min
Water
Level(m)
Draw
Down(m)
Q(cm)
EC,
|iS/cm
Tern Oc
TDS
salinity
0
99.59
1
100.40
26
2
100.76
26
3
100.82
26
4
100.68
25
5
100.68
25
1085
45.7
733
0.5
6
100.68
25
7
100.68
25
1052
459
724
0.5
8
100.68
25
1059
45.2
713
0.5
9
100 68
25
1064
45.8
720
0.5
10
100.68
25
12
10070
25
1134
45 5
739
05
14
100 71
25
1122
44.8
746
0.51
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
33Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Date
Time since
pumping
started,
min
Water
Level(m)
Draw
Down(m)
Tern Oc
TDS
salinity
16
100.71
25
1122
44.8
746
0.51
18
10069
25
1072
45.9
733
0.5
20
100.68
25
1063
45.5
742
0.5
25
100.68
25
1037
45 3
715
0.5
30
100.68
25
1065
46.2
739
0.5
35
100 68
25
1080
46.0
740
0.51
40
100.68
25
1007
45.8
752
0.52
45
100.69
25
988
46.3
726
048
50
100.68
25
1013
46.3
722
0.5
60
100.69
25
1040
46.2
706
0.5
70
100.69
25
1018
46.3
669
0.51
80
100.69
25
1059
46.3
730
0 51
90
100 69
25
1049
45.7
732
0.51
100
100.69
25
1038
46.4
730
0.5
120
100.69
25
1055
46.0
728
0.5
140
100.69
25
1047
46.3
718
0.49
160
100.70
25
1091
46 0
749
0.51
180
100.70
25
1062
46.3
740
0.51
Final Report Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
34Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Date
Time since
pumping
started,
min
Water
Level(m)
Draw
Down(m)
Q(cm)
EC,
gS/cm
Tem
Oc
TDS
salinity
210
100 71
25
1105
46.0
750
0.52
240
100 71
25
1125
45.9
749
0.55
270
100 71
25
1108
46.0
752
0.52
300
100.71
25
1062
46.0
743
0.51
330
100 71
25
1094
46.0
749
0.51
360
100 72
25
1081
46.0
745
0.52
420
100.73
25
1068
46.4
741
0.51
480
100.73
25
1075
46.3
732
0.51
540
100.74
25
1071
44 9
740
0.51
600
100.74
25
1074
45.9
736
0.5
660
100 73
25
1038
46 6
731
0.51
720
100.73
25
1043
46.6
728
0.55
780
100.72
25
1160
46.4
794
0.52
840
100.70
25
1073
46.4
730
0.51
900
100.69
25
1053
46.6
742
0.51
960
100.68
25
1075
46 4
741
0.51
1020
100.67
25
1055
46 4
743
0.51
1080
100.68
25
1069
46.3
738
0.58
1140
100.68
25
1190
38.9
832
0.51
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
35Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Date
Time since
pumping
started,
min
Water
Level(m)
Draw
Down(m)
Q(cm)
EC,
pS/cm
Tern Oc
TDS
salinity
1200
100.69
25
1087
46.4
749
0.51
1260
100 69
25
1100
464
751
0 52
1320
100.70
25
1075
46.6
741
0.51
1380
1440
1560
1680
-
1800
1920
2040
2160
2280
2400
2520
2640
2760
2880
3000
3120
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
36Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
2.1.9.4    Recovery Pumping Test
Table 2. 9: Recovery Pumping Test Data
Recovery Start Date: 05-06-13 (d/m/y)
Constant Test Duration:22hours Pump type:submebile SWL:            99.59m              Pump position:119.59m Q: 1/s
Recovery End Date: 06-06-13
Date
Time since
Recovery
started, min
Comment
Water
Level(m)
Residual Draw
Down(m)
0
100.70
1
99.88
2
99.71
3
99.68
4
99.68
5
99.68
6
99.67
7
9967
8
99.67
9
99.67
10
99.67
12
99.67
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Date
Time since
Recovery
started,
min
Water
Level(m)
Residual Draw
Down(m)
Comment
16
99.66
18
99.66
20
99.66
25
99.66
30
99.65
35
99.65
40
99.65
45
99.65
50
99.65
60
99.65
70
99.65
80
99.65
90
99.64
100
99.64
120
99.64
140
99.63
160
99.63
180
99.63
210
99.63
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014V^u)
Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
1.   Constant Method Analysis after COOPER & JACOB (By Version 2.5)
AW/vfto Mr COOFfl & JACOB ■ - C<x*»H mMT”
10
J
vr i<rm>]
io’
10*
10
#X
0.70
OX
IX
• AO
IX
1JO
1AO
IX
1-00
-------- T T T TTTTT iiiiiiii
---------- 1—1 1 r r^rr i i i i i 111
---------- 1---- 1—1 Illll
1 1 11(1*1
1l11i1
11II
|j1111H
11111111
TFTT
---------- TImTTTTTT
i       .    i i i i 11
i
r t tttt]
i       i iiiii
--------- 4------ 4—1 4 4-4 U
1      1   11111l
7 r J T I 1 T1
______ I      | I | +4-1M-
■*------- 1-----1   1 IIT 4-—J—I 4 4.4*.
1     1 1 II 1 IT 4---- 1 4 > - »-4-
1     1        1 I 1111 ---------- 1---- 1---■ 4 . 4
i i i i i i 11 1 I 1 1 1 i 1 I
1     1    1I11l
—1---- I—4 H . 1 •
—I---------- ♦♦1*4-
1      1*1 Mill
----------------- 1   1 I"’11"T
I       1   1 1 II 1 1 1      Ilf 4 f Mi
I ' 1I1’1
f 1 I 4 1 4 i4-
1 1 1 1 1 111
1111111
---------- 1—r t i i—r”
---------- 1—i—i I : l r r 1          t 1 * ■ IH
-
~ninnI i i i in i     i i h in
iiiiiiii
11111(11
1     ’     1     I     I’ll I i I 1 4 U4-
i       i i i i 111
iiiiiiii
ijiiiiii
1      1   111l11
Tf arwmMWvVy
0A0 ■ IO*
•roraavlty: 0.0« ■ 10*
r*yt>r«Ac (enAxtrWy pn/tfl: 0J7 ■ IO7
2.   Constant Method Analysis by Thesis dimensionless method
Theta anaf/Us method - Confined Busier
1/u
TranwntasIvVy               3£• x 10* HydrauBc conducevBy (m/dj: 5.5* x 101
Storatlvty: 1.Mx10J
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
3.  Recovery Method Analysis after THEIS & JACOB (by Version 2.5)
Recovery melhod tfter THE* & JACOB - UnconftwO »qufef
TransmHslvfty pn*/4Q: 2.54 x1a4
Hydraulic conducIMy pn/dj: 3.M x IO7
Figure 2. 3: Pumping test analysis
2.1.10   Water Quality
After collection of water sample from the well while conducting the pumping test it was labeled, the label was comprised stated date, time and the depth from which the sample was taken and handed over for laboratory chemical quality analysis In most cases the known standards have a direct relationship with geology
In general, the chemical quality of the well water is fit to Ethiopian standard for household uses and WHO Check the result of the laboratory analysis and summary of the interpretation of the chemical analysis as follows:-
The chemical analysis result of the water sample collected during pumping test shows that the water of the well is chemically Ca-Na-So4 type
■ ' ■' --------------------------------------------------- "
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
y? ov
40Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Table of Chemical Analysis Results of Water Samples Table 2. 10: Chemical Analysis Results Data
Source of sample
Well
Well
WeU
WHO max-
min (mg/1)
Location
Dallol
Dallol
DaUol
Date of collection
Date received
4/7/2013
4/7/2013
4/7/2013
Clients ID. NO.
DTW-01 at the
bigning of the
constant test
DTW-01 at
the middle of
the constant
test
DTW-01 at
the end of
constant test
Lab.ID No.
0146/2006
0147/2006
0148/2006
—
Color (app)
-
-
-
Turbidity(NTU)
-
-
-
-
Total Solids 1050c(mg/l)
-
-
-
-
T. Dissolved Solid 1050c
792
800
790
1000
Electrical
Conductivity(inS/cm)
1114
1107
—
1112
PH
7.82
7.88
7.85
65-8.5
Ammonia (mg/1 NH3)
-
-
-
—
Sodium(mg/1 Na)
60
68
86
200
Potassium (mg/1 k)
17.5
17
15.5
—
Total Hardness (mg/1 CaCo3)
420
409.5
409.5
500
Calcium(mg/1 Ca)
139.44
147
123.48
200
Magnesium(mg/1 Mg)
17.14
10.08
24.19
150
Total Iron(mg/1 Fe)
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.3
Manganese(mg/1 Mn)
0.001
0.001
0.01
0.1
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
41Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Source of sample
Well
Well
Well
WHO max-
min (mg/1)
Flounde(mg/1 F)
0.62
0.85
0.7
1.5
Chloride(mg/1 Cl)
71.93
62.46
71.93
250
Nitntetmg/1 No2)
-
-
-
—
Nitiate(mg/1 No3)
6.32
21.14
21.25
45
Alkalinitytmg/1 CaCo3)
76
52
40
—
Carbonate^mg/1003)
Nill
Nill
Nill
—
Bicarbonate^ mg/1 HCO3)
92.72
63.44
48.8
—
Sul phace( mg/1 SCM)
426.38
430.61
434.84
400
Phorphate(mg/1 PCM)
0.12
0.15
0.1
—
Total Coliform Per lOOtnl
-
-
-
-
Fecal Coliform per 100 ml
-
-
-
—
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
42Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Figure 2. 4: Pie and piper Diagram of DTW-1
2.1.11    Cementing and Grouting
Grouting was done both between the wall of the borehole and the surface casing and in between the surface casing and production. The cement grout provide a seal which is readily placed and develop the strength to contain load, hold casing firmly in position and the most important thing is to prevent the seepage of surface water in to the well
The grouting  between  the surface casing  and  wall of the borehole is done just after the installation of six maters steel surface casing The grouting between the production casing and the conductor casing is done after the gravel packing and development which is six meter below the surface and half a meter above the surface
2.1.12   Well Head Construction
The final part of the well construction is the well head Well head was done according to the specified Design as it out line in the contract agreement in actual fact to protect the stick up above ground  from breakage and  movement during  pump  installation  including  capping  of rectangle is constructed. But most importantly to avoid the rescue of pollution and for sanitary purpose with special care is taken for the mixing ratio and quality of sand, water, cement and aggregate used for the construction of the well head with lm x lm x 0 5m dimension
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Oallol), 2014
43Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
2.1.13   Borehole camera inspection
Borehole camera inspection is done to have visual record of the well for the future rehabilitation and pump installation problem. This borehole camera is designed also to have a partial side view. The borehole camera inspection  was performed  by  downward  looking  accompanied  by  an appropriate light source. The recorded data of the inspected wells is submitted on with DVD tape by the contractor with this report.
2.1.14    Well capping
After the completion of well head construction, we sealed and capped the well with 6mm thick steel plate of the same diameter as the conductor casing  was welded  as security  measure to assure that no foreign object fall into the well before the well starts giving the intended service. On the middle of well cap half inch threaded opening is prepared to send in the dip mater for checking the water table anytime. The treaded opening is closed with threaded half inch cap.
2.1.15   Conclusion and Recommendation
After diligent examination of the drilling cutting and result of constant test, the main aquifer in the area is coarser sand and gravel. The whole construction works i.e. the drilling, developing installation of casing and sanitary protections had been performed.
The  screen  production  casings  are  set  to  be  against  aquifer  portion  of  the  well.  This  was confirmed from examination of the drill cuttings and electrical logging.
According to the agreement, the proposed total drilling target depth is 250m the intended to drill with in ±20% was 300m; however, the well is drilled up to a depth of 188m. Again from careful examination  of casing  arrangement and  total draw down  observed  in  the well and  aquifer position we recommended to set the pump position to be around at the depth of 100m.
As the laboratory chemical analysis show the water is grouped under the fresh water only the problem is sulphate (So4) concentration which is not advised to drink it without treatment but for solution mining to extract minerals will not be problem. So as to see from all perspective the Gehartu fan looks good with further investigation it can give additional wells for the solution mining process.
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
44Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
2.2       DTW-02-13
2.2.1     Salient Feature
2.2.1.1    Location
The well is specifically located in zone two Dallol Wereda Gehertu kebella geographically near the foot of escarpment with the geographic coordinates of (Adindan) : UTM zone 37:- 626691E, 1576283N and Elevation +41m a.s.l
2.2.1.2  Drilling History
Drilling  operations was carried  out from 22lh Apr,  2013  to  lsl May,  2013  using  mud  rotary system with  drilling  fluid  water and  bentonite.  The total penetration  depth  reached  is 223m below ground level of which the first 6m was drilled 20” rock bit and installed with 17" surface casing.  Drilling  down  the well is continued  with  14  up  to  170m and  10" up  to  223m using tungsten carbide bits, 12" and 6" blind & screen PVC casing installed respectively according to the casing  arrangement up  to  214m,  down  214m up  to  223  seal sand  and  clay  for salinity aspects.
2.2.2    General Information
Project: Dallol Groundwater Evaluation Project
Client: Ministry of Water and Energy. Date of Contract: 19   December 2012
Drilling Contractor: Ethiopotash has sub contract the whole work for RAJ mineral & Exploration Services FZE (Ethiopia Branch)
Drilling started: 22/04/13               Drilling Completed: 06/05/13 Type of work: Test Well (observation well, production well, rehabilitation,
Deepening existing well)
th
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
45Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
2. 2.3 Basic Well Characteristics Table 2. 11: Basic Well Characteristics
Well Index
DTW-02-12
Well depth, m
223
Static water level  m
z
144.86
Pumping test Pump position, m
164.75
Pumping test discharge ,1/s
10
Pumping test Pump power, Kw
300
Maximum drawdown, m
6.47
Dynamic Water level ,m
151.33
2
Transmissivity ,m /day
7.14 x 102
Hydraulic conductivity(m/ d)
1.02x10’
Safe Yield, 1/s
10
Well Type
Test
Main Aquifer
gravel, coarser sand and weathered limestone
2.2.4 Drilling method and Diameter Table 2. 12: Drilling method and diameter
Depth interval
Drilling
Drilling system
Surface casing used
0-6m
20"
Mud Rotary
17" steel casing
6-170m
14"
Mud Rotary
10" Screen & Blind PVC casing
170-223m
10"
Mud Rotary
6" Screen & Blind PVC casing
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
2.2.5 Logging, EC and Temperature
2.2.5.1   Geological Logging
In the whole course of drilling, drill cuttings were collected at 2 meters fixed interval to describe both  the lithology  of formation  samples penetrated  by  the borehole and  the stratigraphical succession. Samples were described properly and water bearing zones were identified.
For the purpose of litho logical logging, formation samples that were collected and provided at every  two  linear meters interval were described  using  the aid  of hand  lens.  In  general the stratigraphic sequences encountered throughout the penetrated depth of the well are fine sand, gravel,  coarser sand  and  limestone.  The possible water bearing  formations are gravel,  coarser sand and weathered limestone
Tabic 2. 13: Lithological Description
Depth
Lithology
0
6
gravel with boulders
6
36
coarse sand gray to greenish color
36
53
medium to coarse sand with some angular gravel
53
100
coarse to medium sand variegated color with angular gravel
100
108
medium coarse to fine sand
108
124
coarse sand with gravel (water bearing formation)
124
136
medium to coarse sand with some angular gravel
136
152
coarse sand with gravel (water bearing formation)
152
158
medium sand to fine sand
158
170
light gray highly fractured and weathered lime stone (water bearing formation)
170
182
highly weathered lime stone and some silt (fine sand to silt) circulation loss
182
204
highly fractured lime stone (water bearing formation) penetration rate fast
204
218
highly weathered lime stone and some silt (fine sand to silt) circulation loss
218
222
withered lime stone coarser cutting
2.2.5.2   Electrical Conductivity & Temperature
During  drilling  electrical conductivity  (EC),  Total dissolved  substance (TDS),  Salinity  and temperatures of the water were measured.  No  any  significant changes in  conductivity  and Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
47Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
temperature of the drilling fluid were observed during drilling, in the pumping and development test EC, TDS, Salinity and Temperature reduced
Electrical Conductivity & Temperature of drilling fluid (mud) versus Depth during Drilling
Tabic 2. 14: Electrical Conductivity & Temperature data during drilling
Depth (m)
PH
Temperature
(0c)
EC (ms)
TDS (mg/l)
Salinity (mg/l)
80
7.54
34.5
1.19
703
700
82
7.55
34.4
1.2
712
709
84
7.64
34.0
2.14
1300
1292
86
7.51
35.2
2.18
1311
1307
88
7.55
34.6
2.16
1283
1281
90
7.53
34.7
2.18
1288
1280
92
7.55
34.3
2.16
1282
1278
94
7.57
34.6
2.17
1286
1279
96
7.55
34.5
2.19
1294
1293
98
7.56
34.3
2.17
1279
1271
100
7.46
35.5
2.18
1275
1271
102
7.48
35.0
2.17
1277
1270
104
7.40
37.7
2.06
1231
1227
105
7.3
33.5
1.13
678
675
110
7.4
33.4
1.11
665
665
112
7.3
36.2
3.09
1824
1821
116
7.35
38.1
3.17
1733
1732
118
7.37
36.6
1.54
912
910
120
7.44
35.6
2.93
1720
1715
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
48Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth (m)
PH
Temperature
(0c)
EC (ms)
TDS (mg/l)
Salinity
(mg/l)
122
7.4
38.9
2.76
1631
1623
124
7.4
37.5
1.5
886
880
126
7.5
34.8
2.59
1510
1497
128
7.31
37.2
2.53
1507
1502
130
7.4
38.0
2.56
1510
1506
132
7.41
38.3
2.64
1510
1501
134
7.45
38.2
2.56
1450
1446
136
7.62
38
2.63
1564
1559
138
7.47
37.9
2.4
1434
1432
140
7.6
35.5
2.55
1457
1452
142
7.57
35.8
2.53
1460
1454
144
7.59
39.2
1.25
741
740
146
7.52
38.4
1.23
737
734
148
7.45
39.7
2.35
1419
1418
150
7.47
40.8
1.23
744
744
152
7.46
33.3
1.31
786
781
154
7.39
37.6
1.30
772
773
156
7.45
37.9
1.38
830
829
158
7.43
38.8
1.37
824
823
160
7.4
38.0
1.419
847
843
162
7.46
37.1
2.70
1623
1619
164
7.51
37.4
2.74
1614
1612
166
7.24
35.1
1.47
858
853
Final Report- Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth (m)
PH
Temperature
(0c)
EC (ms)
TDS (mg/l)
Salinity
(mg/l)
168
7.33
37.0
1.45
863
861
170
7.32
34.8
1.44
865
855
172
7.28
36.3
1.32
789
787
174
7.3
37.6
1.36
813
811
176
7.20
34.7
2.75
1630
1,629
178
7.60
35.1
3.45
2070
2040
180
7.43
34.9
3.03
1790
1782
182
7.53
35.1
3.02
1934
1905
184
7.46
34.8
3.50
2123
2098
186
7.22
36.3
3.70
2170
2150
188
7.42
36.5
2.06
1230
1230
190
7.60
37.1
1,93
1159
1159
192
7.54
36.3
1.97
1183
1181
194
7.32
38.1
3.52
2110
2110
196
7.40
39.2
1.83
1092
1091
198
7.38
39.4
1.96
1194
1187
200
7.35
37.8
2.04
1228
1223
202
7.4
35.3
3.13
2214
2208
204
7.45
33.8
3.51
2040
2030
206
7.43
35.8
1.75
1041
1025
208
7.38
34.8
1.65
970
967
210
7.41
36
3.14
1863
1860
213
7.45                     35.8
2.17
1294
1314
.j
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth (m)
PH
Temperature
(Oc)
EC (ms)
TDS (mg/f)
Salinity
(mg/l)
214
7.42
36.5
2.26
1354
1341
215
7.51
37
2.36
1407
1400
216
7.54
37.5
2.42
1439
1371
217
7.47
39
2.2
1297
1289
218
7.42
38
2.19
1255
1228
219
7.4
39.7
2.06
1215
1213
220
7.32
38.4
2.12
1260
1243
221
7.62
35.5
2.83
1700
1690
222
7.39
35.4
6.23
1832
1827
222.3
7.4
35.8
8.32
4992
4980
222.5
7.64
37.3
7.52
4512
4996
222.6
7.29
36.3
7.22
4320
4310
223
7.44
35.7
3.07
1710
1701
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Electrical conductivity                   Temperature during
during drilling
drilling
Temp.(oc)
33
35
37
39
41
80
50 ?
Figure 2. 5: Electrical Conductivity and Temperature
2.2.S.3 Geophysical Logging
Right after the completion of the drilling operation, geophysical logging were conducted which aid  also  in  arrangement of the casing  The logging  methods were short normal,  long  normal resistivity, Caliper, Temperature, Natural gamma, Neutron and Conductivity
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Table 2.
data
Depth
m
Conductivity 
pS/cm
Temperature
°C
SNR
Ohm.m
LNR
Ohm.m
Natural
Gamma
API
Neutron
Porosity
%
Caliper
mm
9.007
545.25
35.2547
18.6254
66.4559
185.982
28 7127
2842.09
10007
489 683
35.2677
15.6857
64.8871
183.653
41.0314
2844 15
11 007
467.113
35.2788
19.8891
65.6451
184 35
24.6351
2841 78
12.007
494 789
35.2935
14 1022
69 7932
184.811
18.3997
2830 16
13.007
470628
35.3089
18.4124
71.0156
187.956
25.8136
2829.41
14 007
512.862
35.3558
19.3441
68 1225
187 368
19.685
2828.87
15.007
455 274
35.396
15.6985
69.1738
181.86
24.6884
2828.68
16.007
454 989
35.4325
14.7804
68.86
182.117
32.6069
2829 59
17.007
433.234
35.4325
24.9718
69.4346
157 897
22.4964
2831 4
18.007
426 877
35.4844
15.2723
65.2864
153.017
23.6334
2831.51
19.007
464.661
35.5239
20.568
62.65
154 457
21.6514
2836.79
20007
412.508
35.5987
21 8448
61 1857
153.969
15.6855
2837.56
21 007
418.298
35.8257
22.0979
63.359
149.291
26.3887
2873 98
22.007
418.551
36 0679
196096
624706
148.625
14.2812
2874 45
23 007
422.988
36.1566
21.8319
61.1707
140.723
16.2119
2880 79
24 007
439.757
36.1827
21.4322
56.1504
136.045
18.0918
2884.86
25.007
395487
362081
13 663
55.0257
133.148
194881
2890.78
26.007
394 296
36.2601
16.6033
54.9116
130.458
15.4381
2905.17
27.007
421 088
36.3432
20.9404
56.2849
133.732
15.4654
2933.21
28.077
390.355
36.5062
20.5945
58.9336
133.802
16.3347
3018.98
29.007
401.31
36.6315
23.7341
57.9204
134.034
14 7377
3078.81
30007
397 453
36.7051
21 4061
58.844
134.34
15 7664
3092 88
31 007
390 711
36.7644
19.6897
59 0722
132.66
19.0606
3121 14
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth
m
Conductivity
pS/cm
Temperature
•c
SNR
Ohm.m
LNR
Ohm.m
Natural
Gamma
API
Neutron
Porosity
%
Caliper
mm
32.007
405 479
36.8016
239735
57.2629
132.514
14.8804
3139.8
33.007
394.23
36.8471
19.3572
57.271
133.448
18 833
3166.11
34 007
387 766
36.89
19.4102
57 9665
132.031
15 573
3178.14
35.007
386 794
36.9634
25.6101
58.6973
132.61
15.4306
3168 77
36.007
388 77
37.0059
20.4214
57.8945
130.805
15.0524
3163.79^
37 007
387 442
37.1442
24.0135
56.6271
129.568
17.1406
3171.52
38.007
394.455
37.1566
21.8449
56.4519
128.33
16 8063
3169 98
39.007
390 097
37.2045
22.2441
57.6337
129 878
15.3856
3133.42
40.007
390 646
37.3217
23 1487
57.8415
130.95
18.8342
3144.99
41.007
384.524
37.5635
250778
57 6405
129.392
14 4727
3119.72
42.007
383.226
37.6435
22.071
57.4972
129.605
16.5204
3116 36
43.007
391 648
37.6546
21.3261
57.5359
131 625
164257
3111.35
44 007
383.55
37 7852
20.581
59.2168
131.459
12.4976
3116.88
45.007
381.568
37 8143
19.7297
57 7356
129499
18.7682
3119.77
46.007
384.2
37 7989
23.4679
56.9355
125 581
14.4979
3125.92
47 007
384 524
37.7993
19.2215
56.0934
126.434
13.988
3129.41
48 007
385.497
37 9312
25 1443
56 1626
124.791
106723
3130.43
49007
382.934
37.9871
21 7918
55.2519
150 474
16 7417
3131.88
50.007
381.601
38.0749
29.5932
92.6966
122.717
17.073
3131 69
51.007
385 173
38.1301
24 4179
55.7449
127 059
19.5267
3134.07
52.007
385.822
38.2692
20.5811
57 434
126.459
13 8977
3130.26
53.007
385 822
38.3579
21.3262
577439
126 775
13.2936
3129.15
54 007
388.09
384774
27.4992
57.3362
125.276
15.0057
3128.17
55.007
389.385
38.603
21 8714
55.2429
126.078
19.8094
3126.88
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth
m
Conductivity
pS/cm
Temperature
°C
SNR
Ohm.m
LNR
Ohm.m
Natural
Gamma
API
Neutron
Porosity
%
Caliper
Mm
56.007
387 766
38.7062
24.0268
53 8235
109.25
12 4938
3125 87
57.007
379682
38 7929
21 68
44.6361
90.5454
17.2642
3126.63
58.007
375.086
38 8046
18 0854
35.224
76.3981
14.5429
313042
59007
375413
38.7882
21 4564
30.4231
70.34
16.1059
313649
60.007
377.695
38.8495
24 7346
284179
64.274
20.0606
3137 66
61.007
377 695
38.9115
28 7018
26.6002
62.158
21 0719
3139.65
62.007
377 728
38 9218
23.8033
27 0009
64 1674
17.3696
3143.49
63.007
377 369
38.9499
23.0953
30.0155
63.6245
17.6267
3146.38
64 007
382.901
38.951
28 5659
33 1926
68 4933
16 5561
3150.68
65.007
381.276
38.963
13.7451
387736
87 0786
17 1624
3154 41
66.007
381 601
38.9999
26.8022
39 4379
88.9268
14 5352
3156 83
67.007
396.164
39.0424
20.4701
42.8897
73 3838
13.9636
3158.98
68.007
380 625
39.0853
20.1902
28.5934
59.45
24 1822
3161.08
69 007
380.3
39.174
23.2266
21.6116
53.9799
21.6076
3159.95
70.007
381.601
39.1998
20.9737
21.3955
44 7999
15.6168
3162.93
71 007
382.576
39.2521
35.5742
17.2711
42.4101
53.4897
3161.95
72.007
383 55
39.3465
33.1894
16.8858
45 7066
36.4081
3159 64
73.007
385.173
39 3381
232447
17.226
40.178
35.2113
3164 45
74 007
389 094
39 3287
28 7383
15.5265
357467
28.5144
3168 39
75.007
389.708
39.3937
28.6279
137778
38.1127
40 4034
3167 59
76.007
390.355
39.4329
21.6043
13.9626
36.1691
36.2716
3167.28
77.007
390.678
39 4613
30.7322
13.8145
35.0593
32.2467
3167 55
78.007
391 325
39.4938
28.3112
14.324
34.6699
29 3044
3170.21
79.007
385 822
39.4804
31.1599
15.2941
35.3284
41 7835
3173 49
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
55Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth
m
Conductivity 
pS/cm
Temperature
°C
SNR
Ohm.m
LNR
Ohm.m
Natural
Gamma
API
Neutron
Porosity
%
Caliper
Mm
80.007
384.524
394855
21.2695
17.5459
38 7366
32.7781
3175 82
81 007
389.385
39.4855
18 0666
27.9003
41.3394
18.245
317842
82.007
392.649
39.5025
244913
18 9114
37 3908
18.1861
3180.99
83.007
388 349
39 545
15.9247
15.3185
33.6602
35.4387
3180.53
84.007
388414
39.5327
28.59
13.7992
32.8767
59.893
3183.75
85007
386 146
39.5317
29.0559
14.5675
33.2474
36 1468
31864
86 007
386.179
39.5628
23.9891
18.4956
33.3759
25 0384
3187 37
87.007
380.008
39.597
30 1921
18.3306
35.0861
27 7474
3187.32
88.007
380.3
39613
27.7142
18.7096
34 9267
22.7176
3189.07
89.007
382.576
39.6522
28.0864
17.2423
32.4213
31.3918
3189.62
90.007
389417
39.6663
22.481
16 9203
30.3381
22.8904
3190.62
91.007
388.09
39.6743
22.9472
13.9613
28.9136
25.8495
3192.79
92.007
401.31
39.6673
27.0258
12.5436
28.9301
36 1851
3194.89
93.007
389 741
396613
41.5344
11.9274
28 9591
50.3401
3197.8
94.007
388 705
39.6821
43.5846
14 4422
31.2781
53.3925
319842
95.007
390.064
397276
17.9732
32.2407
44.3681
16.2826
3209 02
96 007
388 09
39.7366
17.5082
37 9872
73.5364
23.1203
3202.5
97 007
384.587
39.7768
25.7033
40.7122
79.685
16.5891
3202.13
98.007
389 741
39.825
20.0602
39.711
83 813
14.8373
3202.2
99.007
389676
39.8411
20.4509
38 8409
82.8526
18545
3203.08
100.007
389 708
39.8532
22 7468
38.8878
82.5668
20.3184
3205.04
Final Report Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
56Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth
m
Conductivity 
piS/cm
Temperature
•c
SNR
Ohm.m
LNR
Ohm.m
Natural
Gamma
API
Neutron
Porosity
%
Caliper
Mm
101 007
389 708
39.873
23.5611
39 5154
84.2644
18.7394
3205 72
102 007
386.794
39.8592
15.9624
41 1945
85.8873
17 4404
3208.18
103 007
389.385
39.8595
25 1253
41.7487
87.5849
17 8563
3209 9
104.007
386 146
39.8659
28.2356
40.6131
86.6299
16.5744
3211.26
105.007
390.678
39.8763
17 1164
40.0941
86.2932
17.1333
3212.46
106.007
391 357
39.8921
23.3188
39.9168
86.997
17.2924
3213.34
107.007
390.678
398944
25.8341
41.1048
86 554
16.9317
3214 96
108.007
390.032
39.9192
20.3008
40 9662
86.8769
18.6404
3215.37
109 007
407 079
40 026
18.7754
40.1511
87 5063
16.3643
3213.25
110 007
391.228
40 0112
21.4571
40.6076
84.6495
14.5545
3215 76
111 007
393.262
40.0247
22.3505
39.2872
85 3865
16 8379
3215 89
112.007
391 68
40.0709
19.2764
38.4945
82.9891
30.3755
3216.91
113.007
403.877
40.0645
20 9346
37.3908
81 4903
22.2507
3219
114.007
392.294
40.0692
27 7516
37 4329
80 7243
17.2465
3223 9
115 007
395.456
40.097
21.978
37.7222
82 4675
18 4513
3223.29
116.007
388 414
40.1171
15.9808
38.3743
81.391
18.8826
3222.24
117.007
385.822
40.1489
23.4306
37.8975
83.3314
17.4158
3223 19
118.007
394.263
40.1435
19.4635
394122
85.2414
11.6533
3225.18
119.007
396 164
40.1375
22.7216
39.8334
86.0613
17 8228
3227.21
120.007
386 47
40.1402
25.2363
41.1802
89.6344
16.7103
3228 77
121 007
388.414
401817
13.0381
43.1954
92.5987
15.6532
3228 34
122 007
388 025
40.2038
21.8295
43.3503
93.667
17.9792
3228 9
123.007
385 173
40.1998
21 5293
42.4701
90.4169
20 9148
3229.97
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
57Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth
m
Conductivity 
pS/cm
Temperature
°C
SNR
Ohm.m
LNR
Ohm.m
Natural
Gamma
API
Neutron
Porosity
%
Caliper
Mm
124 007
382.543
40.2601
21.3832
40.4324
89 1748
17.1698
3228 53
125 007
390.032
40.2684
18.8667
40.3454
86.6644
198748
3229.83
126 007
388.737
40 3847
20.6742
40 1451
85.6349
16.7684
322546
127 007
385.465
40.3405
21.2322
39.2098
82.5586
14.6245
3229.48
128 007
384.524
40.3063
21.5868
37.3045
81.333
18.6059
3233.84
129 007
386.179
40 3201
17 7686
37.3758
81 3095
18.3663
3234.82
130.007
383.55
40.3394
26.1687
39 3878
81.5897
17.3989
3236 4
131.007
382.901
40.3793
23.468
39.2016
83.5978
17.4637
3236.87
132.007
381.601
40.4188
18 9979
39.0753
82.8443
15.376
3236.54
133.007
382.901
40 4487
24.1571
38.6637
84.0077
16.3995
3238.39
134.007
383.226
40.5146
20.2272
39.3639
84.2023
19 3272
3236.69
135.007
384.2
40.5323
25.4982
39.2423
83.0471
13.0656
3238.32
136 007
382.251
40.4972
20.5066
37.9668
81 7719
17.8589
3241 87
137 007
380 951
40 4969
24 1013
38.3173
81.8203
26.7607
3244 43
138.007
378.998
40 5106
17 5265
38.3702
81.0239
17.6631
3248.84
139 007
387.118
40.5072
15.2169
37.9715
80.5091
22.5696
3243.91
140 007
386.438
40.4831
21.1398
36.3203
76.4142
17 4953
3253.74
141 007
381.341
40.4868
21.3261
34 7981
73.9257
18.8841
3251.82
142 007
382.868
40.5029
24.6786
344089
71.5987
19.7392
3253 54
143.007
383.55
40.5612
16.6697
33.119
65.3299
17.2329
3252.2
144 007
392.229
40.6556
20.3948
29.7751
59.5535
19.8537
3248 11
145.007
386.794
40.6921
27.2676
26.6898
55.5244
30 4383
3247.93
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
58Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth
M
Conductivity 
pS/cm
Temperature
•c
SNR
Ohm.m
LNR
Ohm.m
Natural
Gamma
API
Neutron
Porosity
%
Caliper
Mm
146.007
394 553
40.7142
18.4391
26.5105
54 7873
24.0336
3248 49
147 007
394.553
40.7792
16.0551
28.1081
58.4657
24.2004
3246 79
148.007
394.553
408589
13 1309
33.0463
64.2987
15.8168
3245.21
149.007
396 422
40 946
13.3305
36.5791
70.311
10.4068
3243 23
150 007
393.908
40.9825
10.8027
35.3055
68.9364
8.20344
3243.9
151 007
393.908
41 0284
13.5593
31 8618
61.8061
19 8663
3244 05
152.007
403.236
41.1288
5.68075
28.4152
55.276
8.18915
3241.4
153.007
390.355
41.2142
18.5748
25.3082
51.135
15.4639
3240.38
154 007
389.352
41.2544
12.1996
28.0816
51.0687
15.2863
3241 69
155 007
387.442
41.2959
15.664
29.07
48 1301
13.0006
3242.11
156.007 I
391 034
41.3251
20 3948
23.0034
41.5459
16 662
3243.99
157 007
398 45
41 3489
17 5079
16.9816
32.5828
17.9597
3245.29
158.007
383.518
41.3512
32.6876
12.9668
28 8141
28.6923
3248 57
159.007
391.648
41.376
368783
12.714
29.2614
36.6605
3250.66
160.007
392.294
41 4463
38.9031
17 1016
31.7379
32.0142
3249.56
161 007
389.061
41 4664
r 31.6445
21 4811
36.1194
24.6315
3251.91
162.007
389 061
41.5006
26.0383
18.9929
35.7592
21.0059
3252.68
163.007
388 09
41.4928
31 7563
17 4747
31 0712
28.5426
3255.64
164.007
387.766
41.534
44.2726
13.64
30.6128
27.5971
3256 04
165 007
382.901
41.5702
24.2689
14.968
34.8023
36.5052
3256 71
166.007
389.061
41.6031
12.3114
244969
42 5091
28645
3258.38
167.007
393.715
41.6282
14.0435
30.2193
57 4621
9 39454
3259.61
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
59Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth
M
Conductivity
pS/cm
Temperature
°C
SNR
Ohm.m
LNR
Ohm.m
Natural
Gamma
API
Neutron
Porosity
%
Caliper
Mm
168.007
409.287
41.6365
8.56768
31 6844
65.933
13.3225
3261 73
169.007
390.969
41.6285
16.0178
31.1166
63.7315
16.5346
3263 83
170 007
396.487
41.6184
14.5837
33.0782
65.9302
19.9904
3266 04
171 007
394 94
41.6402
8.71669
35.2891
67.3173
9 73312
3266.59
172.007
296.036
41.6509
13.224
34.7675
57 8724
12.0246
3267 76
173 007
295 015
41.6526
21 0281
35 3435
57 541
7.96897
3268.5
174 007
282.859
41.6556
11.287
38 5617
58.4769
12.4454
3270.03
175007
283.573
41.6807
12.6653
34.7451
509819
10.1429
327042
176 007
296.139
41.6797
13.0005
28 3059
44 0292
14.4151
3272.16
177.007
299 742
41 7038
11.3987
22.2618
37.5398
19.0552
3271.75
178007
283.748
41 7068
27.4725
19.2041
35.1338
20.69
3273.29
179 007
275.14
41.6998
16.2972
25.7606
35.32
14.2579
3275.34
180 007
290.208
41 7018
10.0018
27.0567
40.4593
16 5368
3276 08
181.007
272.494
41.7427
15.6453
28.3812
35.5397
13.8292
3275.63
182.007
346.154
41.8171
16.4835
19.105
25 4101
14.4091
3272.63
183.007
277.44
41.9537
33.712
9.69993
21 3057
24.0952
3268.1
184.007
272.15
42.0012
23.5212
10.297
19.8437
26.5823
3267 35
185.007
276 549
42.0263
24.8649
13.9171
20.2413
17 5481
3269 42
186 007
277.201
42.093
14.9942
11 4385
19.8769
18 045
3269.32
187.007
273 044
42.5265
13.5034
9.93018
197319
29.9058
3249 66
188.007
274 144
424674
7.82196
960005
21.2518
41.3208
3257.73
189 007
273.112
42.9984
14.2477
25.3401
23.495
29.2426
3236 63
190 007
272.081
43.3676
15.924
31.8517
34 6329
10.8321
3224 87
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth
M
Conductivity
pS/cm
Temperature
°C
SNR
Ohm.m
LNR
Ohm.m
Natural
Gamma
API
Neutron
Porosity
%
Caliper
Mm
191.007
271.048
43.5552
13.2226
19 3945
25.8534
10.4813
322377
192.007
270.67
43.6443
20.0216
16.8757
21 4589
12.1632
3227.55
193.007
268 982
43.723
27.9809
12.4819
20 1503
14.4571
3231.88
194 007
272.734
43.7524
28.7043
10.6217
19.1727
22.6233
3238.63
195.007
267 948
43.7906
29.3336
10.6963
190569
18.2473
3244.94
196 007
267 467
43.8405
17 3209
12.3981
19.5787
16.6528
3249 82
197.007
271.392
43.9088
26 3521
14.0491
19.5993
12.3057
3254.62
198 007
272.046
43.9708
31.29
12.8422
19 1825
17.9408
3259 7
199.007
274 144
44.0367
25.6099
12.9369
18.0878
13.6427
3263
200.007
271 736
44.0967
23.347
12 0416
16.7003
25.4627
3266.54
201 007
272.081
44 1496
32.4056
9 01719
16.427
21.2475
3270 48
202.007
271.736
44 2042
26.5463
10.4356
16.0293
24.9008
3274.26
203.007
273.112
44.2879
27.66
7.73323
15.9217
24 442
3277 46
204.007
280 082
44.3978
19.0506
9.96078
15.4537
25.3092
327848
205.007
276.205 I
444848
23.5092
9 88132
15.9382
18.7105
3281.51
206 007
279.26
44.587
21.7132
10.297
15.8264
19 6429
3283.74
207 007
280.218
44.6694
26.89
' 9.03352
16.0085
16.133
3286.15
208.007
271.736
44.7588
24 3182
11 0754
14.2444
18.4209
3289.02
209 007
272.356
44.8794
27.8823
9.10936
13.7543
15.9583
3289.53
210.007
283.647
44.9896
22.0337
7.68223
13.8095
21.667
3290.54
211 007
314.835
45 1664
22.2814
10 0892
134159
23.4545
3288.27
212 007
320694
45.2843
22.6359
8.03486
136768
21 4698
3290 54
213 007
-99999
-99999
-99999
9.73046
-99999
-99999
-99999
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
61Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
WATER WORKS DESIGN AND SUPERVISION ENTERPRISE
P.o£ux 2561 .Ad du A&aha.Efhiopi«.
Tel. 01166 1450116631890, Fax. 0116615J71. e-malL wwdsH>ethlon<<.e<
Dallol Groundwater Evaluation Project
Conduct!
SHORT     N     L0N£     Gamma     Neurt| “ 8 8 8 J
8
8     8     $     8     ®cg8     38^     8 
§88
W 51 S 3
U 1 H ft
WELL INDEX DTW-02-13
miliiiilniiiiiiiil in ilii lil^iiiliiiiiniiii i il 111 iliiiihiiiim hiiliuiniiliiili
0
coarse sand
gray to
grmish color
medium to
coarse sand
with some
angular
gravel
medum
coarse to fine sand
coarse sand with gravel
light gray highly 
rructured
and
weathered
lime stone
highly 
weathered
lime stone
and some
silt
wethered
lime stone
Well lndex-DTW-02
UTME: 626691
UTMN: 1576283
Ellvatlon:+41
Figure 2. 6: Geophysical log, Lithology and well construction
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
62Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
2.2.6 Casing and Observation Pipe installation and Gravel Packing
Casing  arrangement is done after considering  geophysical logging,  formation  samples (drill cutting), penetration rate in order to identify the water bearing formations and arrange the screen and blind production casings so as to set the screen casings against the aquifer portion of the well. Since the proper positioning of the screen and blind casings ensure the free passage of the groundwater flow from the aquifer to  the well and  thereby  maximize the amount of water withdrawn from the well, special care was given to the appropriate placing of the screens.
Then after, well is cleaned to make ready for installation of production casing. Installations of 10” and 6” PVC production casing with screen setting pursuant to the waler bearing formation were performed.
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas [Dallol), 2014
63Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Tabic 2. 16: Casing Arrangement
Well depth 
interval from the
surface
Casing Length
from
to
Casing 
material
(steel,
PVC)
Diameter
(OD),
inch
Wall
thickn 
ess,
inch
Connection
of casings’
Blind
Screen
Screen 
opening 
length,
m
Screen 
opening 
width,
m
% of
screen 
opening
Rema]
0
6
steel
17
8
welding
6
Surfac
casimj
0.5
69
PVC
10”
69.5
69
74.75
10”
5.75
74.75
103.5
10”
28.75
103.5
115
10”
11.5
115
126.5
10”
11.5
126.5
143.8
10”
17.3
143.8
149.5
10”
5.7
149.5
167.3
10”
17.8
167.3
184.8
6”
17.5
184.8
190.7
6”
5.9
190.7
196.5
6"
5.8
196.5
208.2
6"
11.7
208.2
214.1
6”
5.9
214.1
223
seal
Seal
(Johnson, Perforated, Slotted, specify if any other)
* Connection types: 1) Welded, 2) Coupling, 3) Spigot and ball 4) any other please specify
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
64Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
2.2.8    Gravel packing
After the completion of casing installation the annular space between the wall of the well and the casing  packed  with  14.3m3gravel.  The gravel is clean,  well rounded  grains of uniform size which ranges between 4-6mm and they are free from soluble materials.
2.2.9   Well Development
To remove the mud cake or drilling fluid film that coats the borehole and to increase the natural porosity and permeability of the formation in the vicinity of the borehole, well development is carried out. The well developed by air compressor, for 14.35 hours until the water become clean and silt/sand free.
2.2.10  Pumping Test
2.2.10.1 Preliminary Pumping Test
The  preliminary  pumping  test  is  conducted  for  2  hrs  the  yield  of  the  well  is  101/s  and  the maximum drawdown is 6.47m.
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
6SWater Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Tabic 2. 17: Preliminary Pumping Test Data
Pump Type:Deep well submersible pumpH -rn Q -10-------------------------------------------1/s Pump   position:   _164.75_   m   Method   of   Measurement:V-notchIf   V-notch,   Type   Static water level (SWL): 144.86_ m. If Artesian Piezometric head above the surface of the earth:
m
Date
Time
since
pumping
started,
min
Water
Level(m)
Draw
Down(m)
Q(cm)
EC,
ms/cm
Tern Oc
TDS
Salinity
0
144 86
1
150 40
2
151.52
3
151 66
4
151 66
5
151 76
6
151.80
7
151.80
8
151.82
9
151.82
10
151 82
12
151.84
14
151 84
16
151.88
18
151 88
20
151 88
12530
53.3
7550
5.6
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
66Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Date
Time
since
pumping
started,
min
Water
Level(m)
Draw
Down(m)
Q(cm)
EC,
ms/cm
Tern Oc
TDS
Salinity
25
151.89
30
151.93
35
151 94
40
151 96
45
151.97
50
151.97
60
152.01
11870
53.8
7200
5.4
70
152.05
12650
53.5
7550
5.6
80
152.07
12140
53.3
7420
5.5
90
152.07
12500
53.2
7530
5.6
100
152.07
12250
52.6
7390
5.5
120
152.08
12080
53.1
7410
5.5
140
2.2.10.2 Constant and Recovery Pumping Test
A constant pumping  test for continuous 22  hours was conducted  with  Q= 441/s; immediately after the completion of the constant rate test, recovery water level monitoring were proceed for 12 hours. The recovery attains 92 percent within 5 minutes; The pump position for this well is set to 119.15 meters.
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
67Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Tabic 2. 18: Constant Pumping Test Data
Constant Test Start Date: 14-06-13(d/m/y)                   Constant Test End Date: 16-06-13 Constant Test Duration:48hours Pump type: submercible
SWL: 145.08 and stick out lm Pump 101/s
position:
163.75m              Q-
If Artesian Piezometric head above the surface of the earth:m
Date
Time
since
pumping
started,
min
Water
Level(m)
Draw
Down(m)
Q(L/S)
EC,
jiS/cm
TDSg/l
Salinity
g/i
Temp.
0
145.08
1
146.75
10
2
149.10
10
10.51
6.32
4.6
46.7
3
150.20
10
4
150.60
10
5
150.75
10
11.29
6.81
5.1
49.1
6
150.80
10
7
150.81
10
8
150.83
10
12.24
7.28
5.4
51.5
9
150.83
10
10
150.84
10
12
150.86
10
14
150.86
10
9.5
7.03
5.2
51.5
16
150.86
10
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
68Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Date
Time
since
pumping
started,
min
Water
Levei(m)
Draw
Down(m)
TDS g/1
Salinity
g/l
Temp.
18
150.87
10
20
150.87
10
11.52
6.84
5
52.1
25
150.87
10
30
150.91
10
7.14
4.95
3.7
52.9
35
150.93
10
1048
6.27
5
52.2
40
150.95
10
9.65
6.65
4.1
52.1
45
150.97
10
50
150.98
10
11.56
6.93
5.1
52.6
60
150.99
10
70
150.00
10
11.73
7.05
5.2
54.2
80
151.03
10
11.52
6.95
5.1
54.1
90
151.06
10
11.6
6.97
5.2
54.2
100
151.06
10
120
151.08
10
11.44
6.87
5.1
54.3
140
151.1
10
10.69
6.42
4.7
54.3
160
151.11
10
11.43
6.88
5.1
54.4
180
151.13
10
11.75
7.08
5.2
54.3
210
151.14
6.06
10
10.87
6.63
4.7
54.3
240
151.16
6.08
10
10.92
6.52
4.7
54.3
270
151.16
6.08
10
11.05
6.42
4.8
54.1
300
151.18
6.1
10
10.98
6.56
4.8
54.3
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
69Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Date
Time
since
pumping
started,
min
Water
Level(m)
Draw
Down(m)
Q(l/s)
EC,
pS/cm
TDS
L/g
Salinity
Tem
330
151.19
6.11
10
11.2
6.47
4.7
54.5
360
151.19
6.11
10
10.84
6.48
4.7
54.2
420
151.20
6.12
10
10.88
6.51
4.7
54.4
480
151.21
6.13
10
10.82
6.49
4.7
54.7
540
151.23
6.15
10
600
151.24
6.16
10
10.74
6.47
4.7
54.6
660
151.25
6.17
10
10.71
6.42
4.7
54.4
720
151.26
6.18
10
780
151.27
6.19
10
840
151.27
6.19
10
10.5
6.29
4.6
54.6
900
151.28
6.2
10
9.81
6.12
4.4
54.6
960
151.29
6.21
10
10.44
6.28
4.6
54.6
1020
151.29
6.21
10
10.98
6.59
4.8
54.5
1080
151.29
6.21
10
11.66
6.98
5.2
54.6
1140
151.29
6.21
10
11.12
6.7
4.9
54.6
1200
151.29
6.21
10
11.31
6.76
5.0
54.5
1260
151.28
6.20
10
1320
151.28
6.20
10
1380
151.28
6.20
10
11.33
6.72
5.0
54.6
1440
151.29
6.21
10
11.12
6.81
5.0
54.5
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
70Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Date
Time
since
pumping
started,
min
Water
Level(m)
Draw
Down(m)
Q(l/s)
EC,
pS/cm
TDS
L/g
Salinity
Tem
1500
151.30
6.22
10
11.13
6.78
4.8
54.4
1560
151.29
6.21
10
1620
151.29
6.21
10
1680
151.30
6.22
10
1740
151.30
6.22
10
1800
151.31
6.23
10
10.88
6.54
4.8
54.3
1860
151.31
6.23
10
11.52
6.54
4.8
54.4
1920
151.31
6.23
10
1980
151.31
6.23
10
2040
151.31
6.23
10
11.23
6.48
4.8
54.4
2100
151.32
6.24
10
2160
151.32
6.24
10
2220
151.33
6.25
10
2280
151.34
6.26
10
10.37
6.24
4.5
54.4
2340
151.34
6.26
10
10.56
6.35
4.6
54.5
2400
151.34
6.26
10
2460
151.35
6.27
10
10.86
6.47
4.7
54.5
2520
151.34
6.26
10
11.14
6.79
4.8
54.6
2580
151.33
6.25
10
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
71Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Date
Time
since
pumping
started,
min
Water
Level(m)
Draw
Down(m)
Q(l/s)
EC,
pS/cm
TDS
L/g
Salinity
Tem
2640
151.33
6.25
10
2700
151.32
6.24
10
2760
151.31
6.23
10
2820
151.32
6.24
10
9.58
5.2
4.1
54.4
2880
151.33
6.25
10
10.57
6.62
4.9
54.6
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
72Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Table 2. 19: Recovery Pumping Test Data
Recovery Start Date: 14-06-13 (d/m/y)
Constant Test Duration:48hours Pump type:submebile
Recovery End Date: 16-06-13
SWL:             145.08m          Pump position:163.75m Q:101/s
Date
Time since
Recovery 
started, min
Comment
Water
Level(m)
Residual Draw
Down(m)
0
151.33
6.25
1
146.12
1.04
2
145.72
0.64
3
145.54
0.46
4
145.48
0.4
5
14547
0.39
6
145 47
0.39
7
145.46
0.38
8
145.45
0.37
9
145 44
0.36
10
145.43
0.35
12
145.42
0.34
14
145.41
0.33
16
1454
0.32
18
145.4
0.32
20
145.39
0.31
25
145.37
0.29
30
145.37
0.29
35
145.36
0.28
Final Report Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Date
Time since
Recovery
started, min
Water
Level(m)
Residual Draw
Down(m)
Comment
40
145 36
0.28
45
145.35
0.27
50
14535
0.27
55
145.34
0.26
60
145.33
0.25
70
145.32
0.24
80
145.32
0.24
90
145.31
0.23
100
145.31
0.23
120
145.30
0.22
140
145.29
0.21
160
145.28
0.2
180
145.27
0.19
210
145.27
0.19
240
145.26
0.18
270
145.25
0.17
300
145.25
0.17
330
145.22
0.14
360
145.21
0.13
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1. Constant Method Analysis after COOPER & JACOB (By Version 25)
Analysis after COOPER & JACOB l - Confined aquffer
10s 10 4
J
10 _________________________________________________________________ 10 _______________________ 10
11II1 1 111I'll
1    1  1 1111i 1 1 1 1 1 111
e------ 1----1 1"TIT1T i     i   i i i i 11
---------1—i “T rr i tt i     i i i i i 11
1 1 1 1 1 111
1    1 1 Hill
i     i   . i i i 11
1    1 i 1 1 1 11
i i i i 1111
------- 1--- 1 III! IT
1   1 1 I 1 i 11
------- 1—I i I 1 111
| I 4M1 1 14-
1   1  11111l 11
____  __
i     1  111111 1   1 1 Mill
____ |    | | | | 14-4- iiiiiiii
11 II1 II1 1 1 1 |     4|IIIH
i—i r n 111
i i i i i 111
---------1   1 7 1 r 1 TT 1    i111111
------- 1—i I i i r it i     i i i 1111 iiiiiiii
iiiiiiii
i     i     r     mir i i i i i 111
le 1     1 1 1 1 1
1        1 1 1 1 1111
iiiiiiii
-------- 1----1 1 Mill
i     i   iiiiii
---------1----17 11 TTT
I     1      1 1 1 xl
------- 1 i i rn it
I    i | i i 111
i "I i i i i i r
i i i i 1111
1 1 1 J 1 1 1
11
1         1 1 1 1 1 111
iiiiiiii
■—i i tt
iiiiiiii
------- 1—r i "i n it
-------- 1--- 1 1 1 11 II
1    1111111
-------- 1—1—> 1 1 I ■ 1 1 1 1 1 111
1
i i i i 111
i     i i i 1111
Transmissivity [m*/d]: 7.14 x 102
Hydrattilc conductivity [mid): 1.02 x 101
Storattvlty: 2.30 x 10^
2 Constant Method Analysis by Thesis dimensionless method
Theis analysis method - Confined aquifer
Transmissivity [nr/d]: 1.72 x 102
Hydraulic conductlvtty [m/d]: 2>46 x 10®
Sroradviry-. 2.52 x104
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75Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
3. Recovery Method Analysis after THEIS & JACOB (by Version 2.5)
Recovery method after THEIS 0> JACOO - Unconfined ocyuVer
If
0.00
I*                         10 i - i i i I ir;
tl
10
i i i i i i 11 ~iti— i i i 11 n
,
• 
I-------------- 1------- 1     1 1 1 TIT —                              y|ji
r
? 10
---------- 1—i——rmr ---------- 1—>iiii ii
r*
IO
-----------1   1   1   1   1   ITT -----------1 1—| I 14-U
0.20
0.40
r            i i Tr*r* ---------- 1—i—i i i rir
— -'-I- T -- - J               ,11
ii   i   i   '   n   r   i   !■
rt
4
i i i i » 111
1      1   1  1111l =---------T ri m
-«    4      4 I M I 1 »■
0.00
---------- 1      1   4—4—F 1 1     1   1  1 1 1 II
*i
i       i i i i 111
0.00
i i i i ’ rn
i       i i i i 111
—1     T         1 Illi 1    1 f 1 r I + 1-
i       i 11 i i 11
1      11111i1 i       iiiiiii
11111111
______
11111111
1      1   1  1111I
1    1 I 1 1 1TT
I---- J---- 1—4-4-4-44-
1.00
1.20
---------- 1---- 1—1 1TTTT
i       i i 11111
---------- 1--- 1—TTTTTT
i       i i i i 111
---------- 1 i i i inr
i i i i 1111
”ii        irnimi i r irr —J|----------- 1 1—| 4-144
1.40
1     1I1111I
1     I1      111I1
1.00
---------- 1---- 1—1 I 1 FIT
---------- 1—i—i r i rrr
1     I11T111 |                1         t.44
r      rmirni i 111 -----------1---- 1—4 1 4-4-44
1.00
i       i ! 11! 111
i i i i i 11
,
i iiiiiii
11111111
TraosevUsutvOy
1.00 ■ IO’
Hydraulic conductivity [m/d]: 1.50 x IO’
Figure 2. 7: Pumping test analysis
2.2.11 Water Quality
After collection of water sample from the well while conducting the pumping test it was labeled, the label was comprised stated date, time and the depth from which the sample was taken and handed over for laboratory chemical quality analysis. In most cases the known standards have a direct relationship with geology
In general, the chemical quality of the well water is fit to Ethiopian standard for household uses and WHO Check the result of the laboratory analysis and summary of the interpretation of the chemical analysis as follows -
The chemical analysis result of the water sample collected during pumping test shows that the water of the well is chemically Na-Ca-Cl type
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76Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
1. Constant Method Analysis after COOPER & JACOB (By Version 2.5)
-------- 1--- 1 1 r HTT
------- »---1- 1—1- r—-
1   1 1 i 1 1 h         1   1 1 1 1 III ©     ii
------- 4---1 ■ 1—1—      -  -
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1         1 1 1 1 1 1 11 —i—i i i rm
i    i i i 1111
------- 1-- 4 4-4 1t 4 ■
io  1 1 1 11 1 1       1   1 1 1 1 III
-------- 1----1 1 1 1 ITT
------- 1—iiii n r
1   1  111M
i i i i i 11 i
--------- 1---- 1 1 1 1 ITT
4I------------- 1—> 1 1 1 U
------- 1-- 1 1 1 1 TTT * * 4 4i   i t i i i 11
------- i 1 1 1 1 TIT --- 14       4 -4- .
1   1  1 Illi- H       1• —1—till P
T  1 1 1 HTT i    iiiii>i
i i i 1 1 111
i i r i mr
1 1 1 1 1 ——1 H1
iiiiiiii
I i rin i i i 1I—11—♦ 1 1 1 4-4-
------- 1—i r t 11 ir 111Ili1i
1 1 1 J 1 1 1
1--T 1
.
1 1 1 1 1 1 III
------- 1--- 1 Mill!
1 1 l Xi
------- 1   i i i i t  i r i    i i • 1111
1   i I 1 1 II 1 |   -1 —1—1 1
iiiiiiii
1   1  11111I ____ 1   1 1 1 1 1 1 i
1   1  1 1 1 III
1U 1
rr 77       1 1 1,111
____ 1 1 1 1 1 1 I
------- 1--- 1 1 1 1 IT'
------- 1—1—1   1 M 11111111
-U------ 1--- 1*!! 4- M- 11111111
11111111
11111111
Transmissivity (irH/d): 7.14 x 102 Hydraulic conduct! vtty [m/d], 1.02 x 101
StorattvWy: 2.30 x 10J’
2. Constant Method Analysis by Thesis dimensionless method
Trials analysis medio d - Confined aquffer
1/U
Transmfsstvtty
1.72 x 10*
StoraOvffy: 2.52 x IO-4
HydrauBc conducttvRy [m/d]: 2>4« x 10°
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
75Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Table of Chemical Analysis Results of Water Samples Table 2. 20: Chemical Analysis Results Data
Source of sample
Well
Well
WeD
WHO max-
min (mg/1)
Location
Dallol
Dallol
DaUol
Date of collection
-
Date received
4/7/2013
4/7/2013
4/7/2013
Clients ID. NO.
DTW-02 at the
bigning of the
constant test
DTW-02 at
the middle of
the constant
test
DTW-02 at
the end of
constant test
Lab.ID No.
0149/2006
0150/2006
0151/2006
—
Color (app)
-
-
-
Turbidity (NTU)
-
-
-
-
Total Solids 1050c(mg/l)
-
-
-
-
T. Dissolved Solid 1050c
11578
11540
11300
1000
Electrical Conductivity(mS/cm)
16100
15590
16160
—
PH
7.97
7.99
7.99
6.5-8.S
Ammonia(mg/1 NH3)
-
-
-
—
S odium (mg/1 Na)
2600
2600
2500
200
Potassium(mg/1 k)
132
130
120
—
Total Hardness(mg/1 CaC
o3)       4305
4515
4725
500
Calcium(mg/1 Ca)
1680
1764
1848
200
Magnesium(mg/1 Mg)
25.2
25.2
25.2
150
Total Iron(mg/1 Fe)
0.06
0.01
0.1
0.3
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77Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Source of sample
Well
Well
Well
WHO max-
min (mg/1)
Manganese(mg/1 Mn)
0.92
4.25
1.28
0.1
Flouride(mg/1 F)
1.19
1.13
1.18
1.5
Chloride(mg/1 Cl)
5864.08
6242.65
5977.65
250
Nitrite(mg/1 No2)
•
-
-
—
Nitrate(mg/1 No3)
1.26
2.07
1.52
45
Alkalinity(mg/1 CaCo3)
76
80
96
—
Carbonate(mg/1 CO3)
Nill
Nill
Nill
—
Bicarbonate(mg/1 HCO3)
92.72
97.6
117.12
—
Sulphate(mg/1 SO4)
916.22
775.78
775.78
400
Phosphate(mg/1 PO4)
0.09
0.13
0.08
—
Total Coliform Per 100ml
-
-
-
-
Fecal Coliform per 100 ml
-
-
-
—
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
DTW - 2 at the Middle
it0rv
□-
□Q
□-
□°
■-
■-
| | *CG3
□°
2J HCQ3
□~
E3 **
DTW- 2 M the End
0
Figure 2. 8: Pie and Piper plot of the water quality analysis
2.2.11  Cementing and Grouting
Grouting was done both between the wall of the borehole and the surface casing and in between the surface casing and production The cement grout provide a seal which is readily placed and develop the strength to contain load, hold casing firmly in position and the most important thing is to prevent the seepage of surface water in to the well
The grouting  between  the surface casing  and  wall of the borehole is done just after the installation of six maters steel surface casing The grouting between the production casing and the conductor casing is done after the gravel packing and development which is six meter below the surface and half a meter above the surface
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
79Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise_____________________________________________________________
2.2.12 Well Head Construction
The final part of the well construction is the well head. Well head was done according to the specified Design as it out line in the contract agreement in actual fact to protect the stick up above ground  from breakage and  movement during  pump  installation  including  capping  of rectangle is constructed. But most importantly to avoid the rescue of pollution and for sanitary purpose with special care is taken for the mixing ratio and quality of sand; water, cement and aggregate used for the construction of the well head with lm x lm x 0.5m dimension.
2.2.13  Borehole camera inspection
Borehole camera inspection is done to have visual record of the well for the future rehabilitation and pump installation problem. This borehole camera is designed also to have a partial side view. The borehole camera inspection  was performed  by  downward  looking  accompanied  by  an appropriate light source. The recorded data of the inspected wells is submitted on with DVD tape by the contractor with this report.
2.2.14  Well Capping
After the completion of well head construction, we sealed and capped the well with 6mm thick steel plate of the same diameter as the conductor casing was welded as security measure to assure that no foreign object fall into the well before the well starts giving the intended service. On the middle of well cap half inch threaded opening is prepared to send in the dip mater for checking the water table anytime. The treaded opening is closed with threaded half inch cap.
2.2.15  Conclusion and Recommendation
After diligent examination of the drilling cutting and result of constant test, the main aquifer in the area is coarser sand and gravel. The whole construction works i.e. the drilling, developing installation of casing and sanitary protections had been performed.
The  screen  production  casings  are  set  to  be  against  aquifer  portion  of  the  well.  This  was confirmed from examination of the drill cuttings and electrical logging.
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According to the agreement, the proposed total drilling target depth is 250m the intended to drill with in ±20% was 300m; however, the well is drilled up to a depth of 223m. Again from careful examination  of casing  arrangement and  total draw down  observed  in  the well and  aquifer position we recommended to set the pump position to be around at the depth of 155m.
In  general,  the value of the aquifer parameters shows that the area has high  ground  water potential; the chemical quality of the well water is Brackish this is not recommend for any other than mineral extraction and oil and gas production. So this well will only be used for solution mining which is planned for the future in the area and further detail study has to be done to delineate which part of Gehertu fan is saline
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2.3  DTW-03-13
2.3.1   Salient Feature
2.3.1.1. Location
The well is specifically located at the toe of the fan (down stream side) in the site of Gehertu kebelle and it is found around 12km far from Muslay (Ethiopotash camp) with the geographic coordinates of (Adindan): UTM zone 37:- 627337E, 1578555N and Elevation -70m b.s.l
2. 3.1.2. Drilling History
Drilling operations was carried out from 7th May, 2013 to 13th May, 2013 using mud rotary system with drilling fluid water and bentonite. The total penetration depth reached is 91m below ground level of which the first 6m was drilled 20” rock bit and installed with 17" surface casing. Drilling down the well is continued with 14 7<” up to 91m using tungsten carbide bits, 10" blind & screen PVC casing installed respectively according to the casing arrangement up to 88.5m.
2.3.2    General Information
Project Dallol Groundwater Evaluation Project
Client: Ministry of Water and Energy. Date of Contract: 19   December 2012
Drilling  Contractor:  Ethiopotash  has  sub  contract  the  whole  work  for  RAJ  mineral  & Exploration Services FZE (Ethiopia Branch)
Drilling started: 07/05/13              Drilling Completed: 13/05/13
Type  of  work:  Test  Well  (observation  well,  production  well,  rehabilitation  Deepening existing well)
th
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2.3.3   Basic Well Characteristics Table 2. 21: Basic Well Characteristics
Well Index
DTW-03-12
Well depth, m
91
Static water level ,m
43.30
Pumping test Pump position, m
52.75
Pumping test discharge ,1/s
60
Pumping test Pump power, Kw
300
Maximum drawdown, m
6.92
Dynamic Water level ,m
50.22
Transmissivity ,m /day
2
4.13 x 103
Hydraulic conductivity(m/ d)
1.18xl03
Safe Yield, 1/s
60
Well Type
Test
Main Aquifer
gravel and coarser sand
2.3.4   Drilling method and Diameter Table 2. 22: Drilling method and diameter
Depth interval
Drilling
Drilling system
Surface casing used
0-6m
20”
Mud Rotary
17” steel casing
6-9 lm
14”
Mud Rotary
10" Screen & Blind PVC casing
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
83Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise___________________________ __________________________________
2.3.5  Logging, EC and Temperature
2.3.5.1 Geological Logging
In the whole course of drilling, drill cuttings were collected at 2 meters fixed interval to describe both  the lithology  of formation  samples penetrated  by  the borehole and  the stratigraphical succession. Samples were described properly and water bearing zones were identified.
For the purpose of litho logical logging, formation samples that were collected and provided at every  two  linear meters interval were described  using  the aid  of hand  lens.  In  general the stratigraphic sequences encountered throughout the penetrated depth of the well are fine sand, gravel, coarser sand and boulders. The possible water bearing formations are gravel and coarser sand
Table 2. 23: Lithological Description
Depth
Lithology
0
6
holders with clay
6
14
fine sand
14
20
medium coarser sand
20
30
cresned holders
30
48
holders with sand
48
54
sand with fine gravel
54
64
coarser sand with gravel (aquifer)
64
68
sand with fine gravel
68
80
coarser sand with gravel (aquifer)
80
90
sand with fine gravel
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2.3.S.2   Electrical Conductivity & Temperature
During  drilling  electrical conductivity  (EC),  Total dissolved  substance (TDS),  Salinity  and temperatures of the water were measured.  No  any  significant changes in  conductivity,  IDS, Temperature and Salinity of the drilling fluid were observed during drilling, in the development and pumping test EC, TDS, Salinity and Temperature increased.
Table 2. 24: Electrical Conductivity & Temperature data during drilling
Depth (m)
PH
Temperature
(0c)
EC (ms)
TDS (mg/l)
Salinity (mg/l)
34
2.10
1458
1451
7.22
32.0
36
2.64
1563
1559
7.20
31.7
38
1.49
890
885
7.13
29.8
40
2.70
1617
1617
7.81
36.9
42
2.71
1621
1620
7.85
36.3
44
2.75
1624
1623
8.04
35.3
46
2.66
1553
1551
7.97
34.5
48
2.67
1568
1566
7.96
35.6
50
2.68
1593
1591
7.94
37.1
52
2.60
1515
1513
7.79
34.1
54
2.75
1635
1629
7.9
32.6
56
2.73
1604
1600
7.94
33.1
58
2.76
1638
1636
7.96
33.3
60
2.63
1646
1640
7.99
32.8
62
2.68
1631
1627
8.05
32.6
64
2.6
1590
1587
8.07
32.4
65
2.63
1547
1544
8.08
32.2
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85Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth (m)
PH
Temperature
(0c)
EC (ms)
TDS (mg/l)
Salinity (mg/l)
66
2.59
838
832
8.02
28.1
67
2.65
1562
1553
7.66
28.6
68
1.47
878
872
7.84
30.8
69
2.75
1613
1602
7.81
29.4
70
2.89
1686
1671
7.67
27.4
71
1.53
904
884
7.6
27.1
72
1.51
893
888
7.53
28.6
73
1.61
933
921
7.47
28.9
74
1.48
877
875
7.4
28.2
75
1.40
832
829
7.53
34.6
76
1.72
1183
1175
7.55
32.7
77
1.63
1053
1024
7.56
35.5
78
1.44
871
869
7.7
36.9
79
1.51
903
897
7.3
35.7
80
1.59
951
948
7.82
35.8
81
1.53
920
919
7.68
39.1
82
1.53
910
910
7.90
37.9
83
1.50
900
898
7.96
38.3
84
2.90
1744
1744
7.89
38.0
85
1.57
938
938
7.87
37.8
86
1.63
972
971
7.82
37.6
87
3.06
1818
1815
7.65
37.3
88
3.10
1853
1853
7.64
36
89
3.13
1872
1872
7.64
36.5
90
3.21
1967
1967
7.65
37.1
90.5
3.54
2005
2005
7.63
37.0
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86Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
r
Electrical Conductivity
During Drilling
EC||is/cm)
1,300.00 2,300.00 3,300.00
Temperature during drilling
Temp.(oc)
25.0               30.0               35.0               40.0
Figure 2. 9 : Electrical Conductivity and Temperature
2.3.5.3  Geophysical Logging
Right after the completion of the drilling operation, geophysical logging were conducted which aid  also  in arrangement of the casing The logging methods were short normal, long normal resistivity, Caliper, Temperature, Natural gamma, Neutron and Conductivity
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87Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Tabic 2. 25: Geophysical Logging data
Depth
SHN
SP
LON
SPR
NGAM
12
233.36
8011.64
178.73
70
16.88
13
223.91
7954.73
168.36
74.18
15.71
14
229.91
8075.82
198.09
66.18
13.06
15
250.91
8068.91
153.55
78.55
15.06
16
275.09
8026.91
240.09
80.82
13.12
17
304
8077.09
241.18
87.55
18.06
18
303.36
8079
292.36
91.91
16.47
19
311.09
8087.73
278.27
89.45
15.59
20
310.91
8118.18
267.64
85.55
13.24
21
316.09
8143.18
293.18
91.55
16.24
22
331 18
8161.36
301
91.91
10.76
23
338.09
8148.09
294.55
91.64
20.47
24
344.73
8148.64
306.36
90.45
19.24
25
340.91
8153.45
289.45
96.18
22.94
26
338.45
8154.18
312.36
97.55
15.41
27
348.82
8164.82
307.36
93.45
14.18
28
346
8164.27
331.55
94.55
13.59
29
341.55
8107
298.09
91.36
18.71
30
325.55
8233.64
273.18
93.45
16.65
31
313.91
8243.82
283.09
85.73
20.59
32
292.45
8242.73
246.82
89.64
23.82
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88Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth
SHN
SP
LON
SPR
NGAM
56
53
8072
24.36
42.18
12.88
57
54.82
8069.45
23.55
48.45
20.71
58
48.64
8080.18
23
47
18.82
59
49.55
8043.73
20.91
52.27
16.29
60
55.09
8073.09
25.55
46.45
12.65
61
57.55
8074.55
24.91
48.73
12.47
62
51
8063.91
21.64
47.36
15.35
63
46.45
8042.82
21.09
45.64
13.82
64
47.91
8057.64
22.55
46.82
16.41
65
52
8042 45
21.27
42.91
18.53
66
50.18
8057.36
19.55
48.55
14.12
67
41.55
8058
17.55
51.18
16.06
68
39.55
8052.73
15.27
45.91
16.06
69
33.18
8037.09
13.27
42
16.29
70
30.09
8033.82
16.55
38.27
14.41
o
71
31
7958.73
17.55
42
11
72
39.55
7896.55
16.55
49.45
14
73
36.18
7856.73
15.55
42.27
12.18
74
37.55
7847.45
80.91
48.36
14
75
51.73
7806
83.82
44.45
17.71
76
40.09
7798.36
17
43.73
19.59
77
11.45
7874.73
14
35.64
19.53
78
10.82
7875.64
15.55
38
16.06
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90Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Q
Depth
SHN
SP
LON
SPR
NGAM
79
9.55
7929.64
16
35.27
15.53
80
10.45
7905.45
22
36.91
24.88
81
14.09
7874.91
115.27
35.45
13.47
82
35.82
7878.91
12.55
38
15.82
83
9.91
7946.73
13.09
35
21.47
84
13.27
7897
12
37.45
15.41
85
10.64
7932.36
10.91
38.55
16.35
86
15.45
8000.45
-999.25
42.45
13.18
87
-999.25
0
-999.25
-999.25
-999.25
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
91Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
WATER WORKS DESIGN AND SUPERVISION ENTERPRISE
P.O.BOX 2561 .Add l» Ab.U>a,ETTilopla.
Tel. 0116614501/6631890. Few. 0116615371. e-m alt wwdsM»e«hloiiet.e(
Dallol Groundwater Evalluation Project
LONG FSHOGLT lF^C0N§
o
IaI
888f
VVELLINDE- DTW-003-13
Well lndex-DTW-O3
UTME: 627337
UTMN: 1578555
Ellvatlon:-70M
Figure 2. 10: Geophysical log. Lithology and well construction
Final Report. Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
92Water \A/orks Design and Supervision Enterprise
2.3.6   Casing and Observation Pipe installation and Gravel Packing
Casing  arrangement is done after considering  geophysical logging,  formation  samples (drill cutting), penetration rate in order to identify the water bearing formations and arrange the screen and blind production casings so as to set the screen casings against the aquifer portion of the well. Since the proper positioning of the screen and blind casings ensure the free passage of the groundwater flow from the aquifer to  the well and  thereby  maximize the amount of water withdrawn from the well, special care was given to the appropriate placing of the screens.
Then after, well is cleaned to make ready for installation of production casing. Installations of 10” PVC production casing with screen setting pursuant to the water bearing formation were performed.
2.3.6.1  Casing Installation
Table 2. 26: Casing Arrangement
Well depth interval
from the surface
Casing Length
from
to
Casing 
material
(steel,
PVC)
Diameter
(OD).
inch
Wall
thickness,
inch
Connection
of casings’
Blind
Screen
Screen 
opening
length.
m
Screen 
opening 
width,
tn
%of
screen 
opening
Remark
0
6
steel
17
8
welding
6
Surface
casimg
0.5
53.4
PVC
10"
75
53.4
53.4
76.4
10"
23
76.4
87.9
10"
115
87.9
88.5
6"
0.6
(Johnson, Perforated, Slotted, specify if any other)
’ Connection types: 1) Welded, 2) Coupling, 3) Spigot and ball 4) any other please specify 2.3.7  Gravel packing
After the completion of casing installation the annular space between the wall of the well and the casing packed with 8.5m gravel. The gravel is clean, well rounded grains of uniform size which ranges between 4-6mm and they are free from soluble materials.
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
93Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
2.3.8   Well Development
To remove the mud cake or drilling fluid film that coats the borehole and to increase the natural porosity and permeability of the formation in the vicinity of the borehole, well development is carried out. The well developed by air compressor, for 12 hours until the water become clean and silt/sand free.
2.3.9   Pumping Test
2.3.9.1   Constant and Recovery Pumping Test
A constant pumping test for continuous 36 hours was conducted with Q= 601/s; immediately 
after the completion of the constant rate test, recovery water level monitoring were proceed for 6 hours. The recovery attains 90.6 percent within 5 minutes; the pump position for this well is set
to 52.75 meters.
Table 2. 27: Constant Pumping Test Data
Constant Test Start Date: 24-06-13(d/m/y)                   Constant Test End Date: 26-06-13 Constant Test Duration:36hours Pump type: submercible
SWL:       145.08       and       stick       out       lm       Pump       position:       52.75m       Q:601/s If Artesian Piezometric head above the surface of the earth:m
Date
Time since
pumping
started, min
Water
Level(m)
Draw
Down(m)
Q(cm)
EC,
ms/cm
TDS
g/l
Salinity
Tern.
0
43.30
0.00
1
44 7
1.40
60
2
49.5
6.20
60
3
49.98
6.68
60
23.35
15.31
9.9
42.2
4
50.05
6.75
60
23.22
15.28
9.7
42.2
5
50.06
6.76
60
23.0
15.31
9.8
42 1
6
50.07
6.77
60
23.21
15 19
9.8
42.3
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
94Waler Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Date
Time
since
pumping
started,
min
Water
Level(m)
Draw
Down(m)
TDS
g/1
Salinity
Tem.
7
50.08
6.78
60
8
50.09
6.79
60
9
50.1
6.80
60
10
50 1
6.80
60
12
50 11
6.81
60
14
50 11
6.81
60
16
50.11
6.81
60
18
50.11
6.81
60
21.82
14.84
9.8
44.1
20
50.11
6.81
60
21.85
14.85
9.8
44.1
25
50.11
6.81
60
21.24
14.72
9.6
44.6
30
50.11
6.81
60
35
50 12
6.82
60
40
50.12
6.82
60
45
50.12
6.82
60
50
50.11
6.81
60
60
50.11
6.81
60
70
50.12
6.82
60
80
50.12
6.82
60
90
50.11
6.81
60
21.36
14.81
9.8
44.2
100
50.11
6.81
60
21 14
14.51
9.8
44.2
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
9SWater Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Date
Time
since
pumping
started,
min
Water
Level(m)
Draw
Down(m)
TDS
g/l
Salinity
Tern
120
50 11
6.81
60
21.25
14.52
9.8
44.6
140
50.12
6.82
60
160
50.12
6.82
60
180
50.12
6.82
60
210
50 12
6.82
60
240
50.13
6.83
60
270
50.13
6.83
60
300
50 13
6.83
60
330
50.13
6.83
60
360
50 13
6.83
60
1961
13.44
9.6
44.8
420
50 13
6.83
60
19.20
13 38
9.4
44
480
50.12
6.82
60
19.32
13.18
9.4
44.5
540
50 12
6.82
60
600
50.12
6.82
60
660
50.12
6.82
60
720
50 12
6.82
60
18.80
11 46
9.4
45.2
780
50.12
6.82
60
18.80
11.28
9.2
45.3
840
50.13
6.83
60
16.72
10
7.9
45.2
900
50.15
6.85
60
14.49
8.69
6.7
45.8
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
96Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Date
Time
since
pumping
started,
min
Water
Level(m)
Draw
Down(m)
TDS
g/i
Salinity
Tem.
960
50.15
6.85
60
14.3
8.63
6.6
45.7
1020
50.15
6.85
60
14.1
8.38
6.6
459
1080
50.14
6.84
60
1140
50.15
6.85
60
1200
50 15
6.85
60
13.86
6.35
4.6
46
1260
50 16
6.86
60
13.84
6.23
4.6
45.8
1320
50.16
6.86
60
13.87
6.26
4.6
45.5
1380
50.16
6.86
60
1440
50.16
6.86
60
13.81
6.29
4.6
46.2
1500
50 16
6.86
60
13.82
6.21
4.6
46.4
1560
50 16
6.86
60
13.71
6.19
4.6
46.4
1620
50.16
6.86
60
14.08
6.98
5.2
47.3
1680
50.17
6.87
60
14 01
6.92
5.2
47 4
1740
50 16
6.86
60
1800
50.16
6.86
60
1860
50 17
6.87
60
1920
50.17
6.87
60
1980
50.17
6.87
60
18.42
11.04
8.9
44.6
2040
50.21
6.91
60
18.28
10.96
8.8
44 4
2100
50.22
6.92
60
17.8
10.74
8.6
44.5
2160
50.22
6.92
60
18.6
11 15
9
44 6
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
97Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
23.9.2     . Recovery Pumping Test
Table 2. 28: Recovery Pumping Test Data
Recovery Start Date: 26-06-13 (d/m/y)
Constant Test Duration:36hours Pump type:submersible
Recovery End Date: 26-06-13
SWL:            143.30m          Pump position:52.75m Q:601/s
Date
Time since
Recovery 
started, min
Comment
Water
Level(m)
Residual Draw
Down(m)
0
50.22
6.92
1
46.21
2.91
2
44.00
0.70
3
43.98
0.68
4
43.97
0 67
5
43.50
0.20
6
43.40
0.10
7
43 93
0.63
8
43.92
0.62
9
43.92
0.62
10
43.91
0.61
12
43.90
0.60
14
43.85
0.55
16
43 84
0.54
18
43.84
0.54
20
43.83
0.53
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
98Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Date
Time since
Recovery 
started,
min
Water
Level(m)
Residual Draw
Down(m)
Comment
25
43.81
0.51
30
43.80
0.50
35
43.79
049
40
43 78
0.48
45
43.77
047
50
43.76
0.46
60
43.74
044
70
43.73
0.43
80
43.72
0.42
90
43 70
0.40
100
43.69
0.39
120
43.68
0.38
140
43.66
0.36
160
43.63
0.33
180
43.62
0.32
210
43.60
0 30
240
43.59
0.29
270
43.57
0.27
300
43.56
0.26
330
43.55
0.25
360
43.54
0.24
Final Report Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
99(U1| >
5
Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
1. Constant Method Analysis after COOPER & JACOB (By Version 2.5)
----- 1—i i 11 rr
r----- 1—i i 11 n
-------------------- •----- i ■ H 1     1 1 1 1 1 II
■
r------- 1—1 1 1 TTTT i    | i | i 111
1 1 1 1 1111
i i i i i i ii
■*—irnriii r rr
----------1 II1 1 1 1 111
— i—i—■ < H 1 1 1 1 1111
i    1    1    1    ITII l      i I 1 1 1 11
------1—i i i i n r
____ ;—i i UUl
1 1 1 1 1111
1 1 1 1 1 111 1     1 1 1 1 1 II
i i f iiin
4--------------- 1M1 1 I 114
1 1 1 1 1 111
iiiiiiii
--------- 1—i T r 111 r
----------1—i i rmi
----------------1----------- M-4 1     1 1 1 11II
-
i     i i i 1111 1        i i i 11111
1 1 1 1 1 1 11 ----------------- ;—. , , t44
1 1 1 1 1111
i i i i i i ii
--------- irniiii m"
--------- ♦---- 4-- 4—i—1 » 1     1 1 i 1 1 II
H
----------1—i i i niT
:,11
■
i    i    i    i    n    rr i i i i 1111
i i i i 11 i i
1     1 1 1 Illi
|---------------- —I H 1 U
1 1 1 1 1111
,
1 1 1 1 1 111
--------- 1—i I i 11in--------------------1—i n i tit
— ii , , •
■.•-
---------- 1—i t i iTrn ---------- ♦---- 1 1 4 4-44-h
1 • 1 al a 4
“inni i iiin ---------- 1----- 1—i i i 114- ---------- 1 1 1 1 1 11
Transmisslvty [m'/d]: 4.13 x io’
Hydraulc conductMty (m/d): 1.1* x I©2
Sroradvlty: Ut x 10J4
2. Constant Method Analysis by Thesis dimensionless method
10’
- Confined aquifer
10*
102
1fu
10J 104 105
I©4
102
Transmhsivfty (m’/d): 1.23 x 102
HydrauBc conducttvRy (nvd): 2.35 x 10*
Storadvky: S.27 x 104
3. Recovery Method Analysis after THEIS & JACOB (by Version 2.5)
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Recovery method after THEtS & JACOB - Unconftned aquifer
10’
----- 1     1 J l~T—
J 1 £11
i i 111           i i i i i 111
I 1 1 1           i     i i i i 111
----- 1—r 1 I P I
T
---------- 1-----l>l 1 1 ITT
1      1 i® M I 1 1
----------- 1—i       i inn
|l—1-4-4-44-
11i
l 1I
i
iiii i i 111
i ■ r 1 i i 111
i 1 1 II i H
i       i      i      ii      i      i      i "i IRR“r i ’• i n-
i        i i i i 111 ------- 1---- 1“T M 1 IT
1      1l
11IIII
lllll
——————4—— 111         I
-------- 1 i i i n it
i iiii
1    1    1    "1    TTTT 1 1 lllll*
M 1 1 Mill
1  |—i—| iiii
i—r~r
-------- 1 r i i i ri i
I11111
1------1 1 ITTTT 1     1 lllli
iiiiiiii
i i ri i
.
j
Mill
iiiiiiii
•-
i       ii
------------ 1---- 1—1 1 1 HF
1     i 1 1 1 1 1 i                         1       I I 1 l 1 11
11111111 I 1           1 Mill
_______ I       |_ 4—| 1-4 11 11111111
iiiiiiii
---------1—r"T
—TTTT
.lit
------ 1—l l I nTT
------------ 1      i     i    i 1 11 r 1      1    1  M 1 11
1       1    1 1 'III 1     41—1—1-41
i       ii
Mill
i i ii i i i
iiiiiiii
-
r i i i 1111
TransmtoslvRy (nf/cQ: 4.62 x 103
Kydraulc conductivity (m/d]: 1.32 x 10*
Figure 2. 11: Pumping test analysis
2.3.10   Water Quality
After collection of water sample from the well while conducting the pumping test it was labeled, the label was comprised stated date, time and the depth from which the sample was taken and handed over for laboratory  chemical quality  analysis In  most cases the known  standards have a direct relationship with geology
In general, the chemical quality of the well water is fit to Ethiopian standard for household uses and WHO Check the result of the laboratory analysis and summary of the interpretation of the chemical analysis as follows:-
The chemical analysis result of the water sample collected during pumping test shows that the water of the well is chemically Na- Ca- Cl type
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
101Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Table 2. 29: Chemical Analysis Results Data
Source of sample
Well
Well
Well
WHO max 
min (mg/1)
Location
Dallol
Dallol
Dallol
Date of collection
-
Date received
4/7/2013
4/7/2013
4/7/2013
Clients ID. NO.
DTW-03 at the
beginning of
the constant
test
DTW-03 at
the middle of
the constant
test
DTW-03 at
the end of
constant test
Lab.ID No.
0152/2006
0153/2006
0154/2006
—
Color (app)
-
-
-
Turbidity(NTU)
-
-
-
-
Total Solids 1050c(mg/l)
-
-
-
-
T. Dissolved Solid 1050c
44880
44840
43840
1000
Electrical
Conduct! vity(mS/cm)
61400
58400
64600
—
PH
7.43
7.43
7.44
65-8.5
Ammonia(mg/1 NH3)
-
-
-
—
Sodium (mg/1 Na)
10800
11600
10500
200
Potassium(mg/1 k)
1080
990
770
—
Total Hardness(mg/1 CaCo3)
12180
12075
11130
500
Calcium(mg/1 Ca)
3990
3570
3738
200
Magnesium(mg/1 Mg)
529.2
756
428.4
150
Total Iron(mg/1 Fe)
0.06
0.06
0.05
0.3
____________________________________________________________ ______________ Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 20jJ^cv'Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Source of sample
Well
Well
Well
WHO max-
min (mg/1)
Manganese(mg/1 Mn)
0.4
0.36
0.89
0.1
Flouride(mg/1 F)
1.82
2.74
1.82
1.5
Chloride(mg/1 Cl)
27442.68
26969.47
26496.25
250
Nitrite(mg/1 No2)
-
-
-
—
■I
■I
■I
Nitrate(mg/1 No3)
0.84
0.76
0.57
45
Alkalmity(mg/1 CaCo3)
40
36
40
—
Carbonate(mg/1 CO3)
Nill
Nill
Nill
—
Bicarbonate(mg/1 HCO3)
48.8
43.92
48.8
—
Sulphate(mg/1 SO4)
854.46
852.77
849.38
400
Phosphate(mg/1 PO4)
0.56
1.95
0.34
—
Total Coliform Per 100ml
-
-
-
-
Fecal Coliform per 100 ml
-
-
-
—
■0
■0
10
Final Report. Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
103I
I
Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
DTW 3 (At (he Beginning)
DTW 3 (At the Middle)
I
I
□-
□-
EP
■-
■-
I
] rCOJ
EP
] KX3
□ 504
□ 501
I
I
DTW-3 (At the end)
Piper Plot diagram of all the samples
I
4-
I
«WJ’
Ca
Na*K HC03
a
'I
Figure 2. 12: Pie and Piper Diagram of DTW-03-13
2.3.11  Cementing and Grouting
Grouting was done both between the wall of the borehole and the surface casing and in between the surface casing and production The cement grout provide a seal which is readily placed and develop the strength to contain load, hold casing firmly in position and the most important thing is to prevent the seepage of surface water in to the well
The grouting between the surface casing and wall of the borehole is done just after the installation of six maters steel surface casing The grouting between the production casing and the conductor casing is done after the gravel packing and development which is six meter below the surface and half a meter above the surface
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dal lol), 2014
104Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
2.3.12 Well Head Construction
The final part of the well construction is the well head. Well head was done according to the specified Design as it out line in the contract agreement in actual fact to protect the stick up above ground from breakage and movement during pump installation including capping of rectangle is constructed. But most importantly to avoid the rescue of pollution and for sanitary purpose with special care is taken for the mixing ratio and quality of sand; water, cement and aggregate used for the construction of the well head with lm x lm x 0.5m dimension.
2.3.13  Borehole camera inspection
Borehole camera inspection is done to have visual record of the well for the future rehabilitation and pump installation problem. This borehole camera is designed also to have a partial side view. The borehole camera inspection  was performed  by  downward  looking  accompanied  by  an  appropriate light source.  The recorded  data of the inspected  wells is submitted  on  with  DVD tape by  the contractor with this report.
2.3.14  Well Capping
After the completion of well head construction, we sealed and capped the well with 6mm thick steel
plate of the same diameter as the conductor casing was welded as security measure to assure that no foreign object fall into the well before the well starts giving the intended service. On the middle of
well cap half inch threaded opening is prepared to send in the dip mater for checking the water table anytime. The treaded opening is closed with threaded half inch cap.
2.3.15  Conclusion and Recommendation
After diligent examination of the drilling cutting and result of constant test, the main aquifer in the area is coarser sand and gravel. The whole construction works i.e. the drilling, developing installation of casing and sanitary protections had been performed.
The screen production casings are set to be against aquifer portion of the well. This was confirmed from examination of the drill cuttings and electrical logging.
According to the agreement, the proposed total drilling target depth is 250m the intended to drill with in ±20% was 300m; however, the well is drilled up to a depth of 90m. Again from careful
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
105Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
2.3.12 Well Head Construction
The final part of the well construction is the well head. Well head was done according to the specified Design as it out line in the contract agreement in actual fact to protect the stick up above ground from breakage and movement during pump installation including capping of rectangle is constructed. But most importantly to avoid the rescue of pollution and for sanitary purpose with special care is taken for the mixing ratio and quality of sand; water, cement and aggregate used for the construction of the well head with lm x lm x 0.5m dimension.
2.3.13  Borehole camera inspection
Borehole camera inspection is done to have visual record of the well for the future rehabilitation and pump installation problem. This borehole camera is designed also to have a partial side view. The borehole camera inspection  was performed  by  downward  looking  accompanied  by  an  appropriate light source.  The recorded  data of the inspected  wells is submitted  on  with  DVD tape by  the contractor with this report.
2.3.14  Well Capping
After the completion of well head construction, we sealed and capped the well with 6mm thick steel
plate of the same diameter as the conductor casing was welded as security measure to assure that no foreign object fall into the well before the well starts giving the intended service. On the middle of
well cap half inch threaded opening is prepared to send in the dip mater for checking the waler table anytime. The treaded opening is closed with threaded half inch cap.
2.3.15   Conclusion and Recommendation
After diligent examination of the drilling cutting and result of constant test, the main aquifer in the area is coarser sand and gravel. The whole construction works i.e. the drilling, developing installation of casing and sanitary protections had been performed.
The screen production casings are set to be against aquifer portion of the well. This was confirmed from examination of the drill cuttings and electrical logging.
According to the agreement, the proposed total drilling target depth is 250m the intended to drill with in  x20% was 300m; however,  the well is drilled  up  to  a depth  of 90m.  Again  from careful
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
105Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
examination of casing arrangement and total draw down observed in the well and aquifer position we recommended to set the pump position to be around at the depth of 55m.
In general, the value of the aquifer parameters shows that the area has high ground water potential, the chemical quality of the well water is saline this is not recommend for any other than mineral extraction and oil and gas production. So this well will only be used for solution mining which is planned for the future in the area and further detail study has to be done to delineate which pan of Gehertu fan is salinity.
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
106Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
2.4 DTW -04-13
2.4.1 Salient Feature
2.4.1.1 Location
The well is specifically located in zone two Dallol Wereda Bahita and Blakia kebella Asabujii village geographically near the foot of escarpment with the geographic coordinates of (Adindan). UTM zone: - 1584209N, 0622917E and Elevation +110m a.s.l
2.4.1.2   Drilling History
Drilling  operations was carried  out from 16lh May,  2013  to  5th Jun,  2013 using mud rotary system with  drilling  fluid  water and  bentonite.  The total penetration  depth  reached  is 251m below ground level of which the first 6m was drilled 20” rock bit and installed with 17 surface casing. Drilling down the well is continued with 14 Va' up to 200m and 10" up to 251m using tungsten carbide bits, 10" and 6" blind & screen PVC casing installed respectively according to the casing arrangement up to 251 m.
2.4.2   General Information
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2.4.3   Basic Well Characteristics Table 2. 30: Basic Well Characteristics
Well Index
DTW-04-12
Well depth, m
251
Static water level  m
z
133.05
Pumping test Pump position, m
170
Pumping test discharge ,1/s
10
Pumping test Pump power, Kw
300
Maximum drawdown, m
19.57
Dynamic Water level ,m
152.62
2
Transmissivity ,m /day
6.28 x 10’
Hydraulic conductivity(m/ d)
6.98x10-’
Safe Yield, 1/s
10
Well Type
Test
Main Aquifer
Meta-sandstone and weathered granite
2.4.4   Drilling method and Diameter Table 2. 31: Drilling method and diameter
Depth interval
Drilling
Drilling system
Surface casing used
0-6m
20"
Mud Rotary
17" steel casing
6-200m
14"
Mud Rotary
10" Screen & Blind PVC casing
200-251m
10"
Mud Rotary
6" Screen & Blind PVC casing
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2.4.5   Logging, EC and Temperature
2.4.5.1 Geological Logging
In the whole course of drilling, drill cuttings were collected at 2 meters fixed interval to describe both  the lithology  of formation  samples penetrated  by  the borehole and  the stratigraphical succession. Samples were described properly and water bearing zones were identified.
For the purpose of litho logical logging, formation samples that were collected and provided at every  two  linear meters interval were described  using  the aid  of hand  lens.  In  general the stratigraphic sequences encountered throughout the penetrated depth of the well are coarser sand, sandstone and  weathered  granite.  The possible water bearing  formations are sandstone and weathered granite
Tabic 2. 32: Litho logical Description
Depth               Lithology
0
6
Boulders with clay
6
40
Coarser sand
40
76
Fresh meta sand stone
7t>
90
Highly Weathered granite
90
100
Highly weather meta sand stone
100
116
Highly weathered granite
116
160
Highly weathered (decomposed) iron rich rock almost changed to clay
160
184
Sand stone with some clay mixed
184
200
Sand stone dominantly quartz
200
206
Sand stone with some clay mixed
206
220
Sand stone dominantly quartz
220
230
Quartz with clay
230
251
Clay with same quartz
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2.4.5.2 Electrical Conductivity & Temperature
During  drilling  electrical conductivity  (EC),  Total dissolved  substance (TDS),  Salinity  and temperatures of the water were measured. No any significant changes in conductivity, TDS and Salinity up to 251m during drilling time in the development and pumping test EC, TDS, Salinity and Temperature raised.
Table 2. 33: Electrical Conductivity & Temperature data during drilling
Depth (m)
Temperature
(0c)
EC (ms)
TDS (mg/l)
Salinity (mg/l)
40
34.1
1.59
915
0.8
42
33.7
1.52
905
0.8
42
33.7
1.52
905
0.8
44
33.4
1.46
870
0.8
48
34.1
1.39
867
0.8
50
33.8
1.45
875
0.8
56
40.1
1.45
856
0.8
58
39.1
1.40
835
0.8
60
36.7
1.33
778
0.8
64
34.4
1.38
826
0.8
66
32.8
1.36
812
0.8
71
30.8
1.33
790
0.8
83
33.0
1.06
723
0.8
86
37.0
1.21
728
0.7
92
32.0
1.20
820
0.8
94
33.2
1.29
870
0.8
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Depth (m)
Temperature
(0c)
EC (ms)
TDS (mg/l)
Salinity (mg/l)
95
34.0
1.26
865
0.8
99
39.0
1.25
847
0.8
100
41.2
1.13
681
0.7
104
39.3
1.11
666
0.7
106
39.1
1.95
1132
1.0
108
39.0
1.68
1020
0.9
116
38.7
2.13
1262
1.0
118
37.9
2.07
1239
1.0
126
35.4
1.52
973
0.9
128
34.7
1.07
636
0.7
131
33.8
1.04
620
0.7
132
45.0
0.97
589
0.6
133
39.3
1.06
633
0.7
134
41.0
1.05
621
0.7
135
37.1
1.06
640
0.7
139
37.9
1.06
636
0.7
140
36.4
1.07
644
0.7
142
37.6
1.06
634
0.7
144
37.1
1.05
628
0.7
146
36.4
1.08
632
0.7
148
34.9
1.06
629
0.7
150
36.5
1.05
627
0.7
152
33.7
1.07
639
0.7
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Depth (m)
Temperature
(Oc)
EC (ms)
TDS (mg/l)
Salinity (mg/l)
154
38.7
1.04
623
0.7
156
39.1
1.05
626
0.7
158
39.1
1.06
628
0.7
159
44.6
1.05
609
0.7
160
38.4
1.01
605
0.7
162
38.0
1.06
635
0.7
164
36.8
1.07
642
0.7
166
36.2
1.05
632
0.7
169
35.8
1.09
642
0.7
170
36.3
1.08
639
0.7
171
36.6
1.05
628
0.7
172
39.7
1.00
602
0.7
174
40.6
1.02
608
0.7
175
39.7
1.02
605
0.7
176
40.2
1.03
612
0.7
178
38.5
1.00
597
0.7
180
37.1
1.01
605
0.7
181
37.5
0.96
578
0.6
182
39.1
1.01
604
0.7
183
37.6
1.02
610
0.7
184
35.3
1.06
660
0.7
185
32.8
1.03
607
0.7
186
33.4
1.02
610
0.7
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Depth (m)
Temperature
(0c)
EC (ms)
TDS (mg/l)
Salinity (mg/l)
187
35.9
0.99
591
0.7
188
37.3
1.00
595
0.7
189
36.2
1.02
603
0.7
191
36.2
0.99
586
0.6
192
35.3
1.01
600
0.7
195
35.6
1.02
608
0.7
196
36.1
1.01
603
0.7
197
36.5
1.00
596
0.6
198
36.7
1.00
600
0.7
199
38.7
0.98
589
0.7
200
39.2
0.98
589
0.7
201
38.8
1.00
600
0.7
202
37.9
1.00
593
0.7
203
39.2
0.99
596
0.7
204
34.9
1.02
604
0.7
205
37.1
1.00
596
0.7
206
37.2
1.00
593
0.7
207
37.0
1.01
598
0.7
208
36.8
1.01
599
0.7
209
35.8
1.01
600
0.7
i
210
36.1
1.02
610
0.7
211
38.0
1.02
606
0.7
212
36.5
1.02
610
0.7
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Depth (m)
Temperature
(0c)
EC (ms)
TDS (mg/l)
Salinity (mg/l)
213
36.1
1.01
603
0.7
214
36.7
0.98
589
0.6
215
37.2
0.97
574
0.6
216
37.3
0.99
585
0.6
217
37.1
0.97
576
0.6
218
37.6
0.96
579
0.6
219
38.7
0.94
567
0.6
220
38.8
0.95
571
0.6
221
37.1
0.95
576
0.6
222
39.0
0.99
592
0.6
223
38.1
0.97
573
0.6
224
37.4
0.99
589
0.6
225
37.3
0.97
577
0.6
226
37.0
0.98
574
0.6
227
38.7
0.96
571
0.6
228
36.2
0.96
565
0.6
229
36.8
0.97
568
0.6
230
37.2
0.97
572
0.6
236
36.1
1.16
694
0.7
238
36.2
1.17
703
0.7
239
36.5
1.18
723
0.7
240
36.7
1.20
724
0.7
241
37.4
1.20
725
0.7
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Depth (m)
Temperature
(0c)
EC (ms)
TDS (mg/l)
Salinity (mg/l)
242
37.1
1.19
718
0.7
243
36.7
1.17
702
0.7
244
41.6
1.10
660
0.7
245
38.8
1.16
690
0.7
246
38.3
1.15
692
0.7
247
37.2
1.7
700
0.7
248
38
1.8
738
0.8
249
38
1.8
730
0.8
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Ten^evtM^tkihg drilling
Electrical conductivity
during drilling
30.0 33.0 36.0 39.0 42.0 45.0
Electrical Conductivity (ps/cm)
250
Figure 2.13: Electrical Conductivity and Temperature
2.4.5.3 Geophysical Logging
Right after the completion of the drilling  operation,  geophysical logging  were conducted which aid also  in arrangement of the casing  The logging  methods were short normal,  long  normal resistivity, Caliper, Temperature, Natural gamma. Neutron and Conductivity
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Table 2. 34: Geonhvsical Loeeinii d
ata 
Depth
M
Caliper_
Temperat
Natural
SNR(Oh
m.
LNR[Oh
m.
Neutron
Conduct!
18
401.772
38.526
28.2923
73.6606
158.857
13.0677
-99999
19
396.598
38.532
22.2545
77.6392
159.568
17.3292
-999991
20
397.195
38.539
23.9382
76.7644
155.361
14.7013
-99999
21
406.85
38.5491
18.6617
73.4464
154.402
14.6887
2427.49
22
402.087
38.5571
17.3344
69.0248
150.504
22.6075
2430.31
23
391.548
38.5651
25.3465
68.8868
147.868
15.2905
2429.98
24
400.026
38.5722
21.0248
67.3767
145.873
20.9928
2430.56
25
395.21
38.5782
17.9652
66.4146
142.967
26.6596
2430.29
26
387.118
38.5862
11.8805
66.3166
100.097
19.1555
2429.99
27
389.632
38.5943
19.228
54.968
91.3882
18.3052
2429.65
28
394.119
38.6073
17.529
53.4032
87.814
18.6608
2429.97
29
396.41
38.6174
20.1996
52.1216
82.5502
20.3336
2460.87
30
396.826
38.6264
21.1707
46.781
80.8682
21.4738
2461.35
31
398.74
38.6335
26.0586
48.6762
80.905
22.7154
2461.05
32
393.462
38.6415
20.9116
52.3467
82.9596
16.904
2460.72
33
421.83
38.6516
17.2858
50.0776
84.8667
22.3576
2460.32
34
395.015
38.6626
24.3591
47.2711
69.8976
16.5109
2460.71
35
405.316
38.6706
19.9405
40.5398
70.285
24.9761
2462.08
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
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Depth
M
Caliper
Temperat
Natural
SNR[Oh
m.
LNR[Oh
m.
Neutron
Conducti
36
401.669
38.6757
19.9082
41.1824
65.9578
16.2219
2467.79
37
397.453
38.6797
21.7209
42.4351
64.4785
27.2696
2468.46
38
413.671
38.7048
18.888
39.6466
64.8142
16.0627
2468.04
39
418.701
38.7169
18.0143
42.0793
66.9796
18.2386
2503.37
40
411.013
38.7189
16.3956
48.2841
87.6257
11.4409
2536.35
41
388.171
38.7199
55.6285
94.1229
140.518
4.50795
2545.63
42
381.294
38.7209
40.2522
125.624
233.198
9.24678
2545.6
43
380.365
38.7239
48.3139
127.068
250493
10.7444
2545.22
44
391.447
38.7169
52.5531
110.569
219.256
3.59567
2566.16
45
397.224
38.7078
37.5328
98.0902
206.099
13.9504
2617.01
46
403.159
38.7189
21.7367
97.1102
195.145
17.4695
2631.2
47
395.59
38.744
21.996
90.7507
190.946
5.89809
2627.98
48
425.401
38.7771
25.783
86.6127
184.029
11.178
2632.75
49
407.64
38.8093
18.9857
78.7246
173.598
8.37718
2603.61
50
386.14
38.7822
24.2454
83.0153
181.194
4.81113
2593.97
51
380.951
38.7922
27.1911
100.878
207.614
3.02045
2598.64
52
377.499
38.8163
31.3352
120.797
254.322
4.0509
2589.63
53
375.217
38.8304
17.1885
143.863
289.044
6.06017
2592.99
54
374.344
38.8374
18.4999
135.034
266.346
4.4108
2587.35
55
384.129
38.8384
25.0387
95.2228
191.953
6.17251
2589.26
56
392.904
38.8555
54.9824
73.1851       161.338
11.6894
2588.27
57
376.456
38.8756
72.737
73.5263       149.929
7.33997
2621.06 ’
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
118Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth
M
Caliper
Temperat
Natural
SNR[Oh
m.
LNR[Oh
m.
Neutron
Conducti
58
372.83
38.8766
26.8682
90.2171
154.889
6.75054
2618.55
59
379.59
38.8846
61.5048
83.4945
158.805
12.2261
2614.19
60
389.385
38.8957
24.2288
80.3146^
138.121
7.92914
2600.12
61
386.576
38.9088
37.9706
65.3909
88.6144
3.37272
2608.07
62
372.646
38.9178
72.8821
45.9531
99.5249
18.0323
2617.53
63
371.124
38.9489
28.988
117.327
170.809
2.38608
2630.95
64
373.733
38.9771
20.8632
141.886
257.894
4.01193
2622.11
65
375.323
38.9731 1
36.417
110.475
233.386
9.15558
2618.87
66
373.661
38.972
32.5808
103.36
238.557
11.3733
2614.67
67
376.113
38.9761
28.5834
145.435
302.292
5.99123
2614.84
68
373.78
38.9741
15.7816
177.407
390.028
3.31204
2616.27
69
371.706
38.9741
21.316
172.349
378.989
7.47527
2614.33
70
371.819
38.9931
35.8013
143.265
317.859
7.60544
2606.38
71
370.767
39.0002
22.4481
125.718
243.015
4.49509
2611.51
72
375.873
39.0122
29.9588
102.097
159.481
4.14957
2619.47
73
373.067
39.0183
20.9914
51.6136
53.3269
4.3378
2614.97
74
381.926
39.0283
70.9408
16.8223
28.3604
24.6366
2615.63
75
387.065
39.0293
13.7412
11.3319
22.6672
59.0704
2613.55
76
388.648
39.0474
28.0011
9.50168
20.5419
26.5734
2614.54
77
398.938
39.0595
27.9675
9.5162
19.0734
32.5464
2618.53
78
461.455
39.0574
18.8886
9.33102
19.1841
37.6379
2614.12
79
447.48
39.0645
16.6227
8.10362
19.6822
45.41
2615.69
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
119Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth
M
Caliper
Temperature
Natural
SNR[Oh
m.
LNR[Oh
m.
1
Neutron
Conduct!
80
411.203
39.0675
20.118
8.69189
19.3612
38.5287
2607.59
81
413.235
39.0796
14.1303
9.83214
20.1582
26.105
2626.14
82
396.213
39.0826
9.56527
12.1307
20.8998
35.132
2622.78
83
383.161
39.0866
17.2701
17.2144
22.8995
33.2769
2622.96
84
382.576
39.1047
15.4406 '
18.8194
25.2426
26.9151
2625.15
85
386.818
39.1378
12.1067
21.7171
24.3534
30.818
2605.9
86
385.368
39.1268
12.0899
12.8316
23.9365
34.58
2622.48
87
393.121
39.1459
7.72075
17.0147
23.1321
29.3766
2619.87
88
402.367
39.1479
14.3731
17.8862
22.5676
29.4765
2620.64
89
439.917
39.1449
14.8096
18.2602
25.6927
36.6983
2618.81
90
390.977
39.1418
14.5186
21.2087
30.8617
35.3323
2623.1
91
370.184
39.1639
21.2355
53.5483
42.8008
6.25221
2634.87
92
373.78
39.1609
15.4247
54.5578
61.889
6.49317
2630.07
93
378.163
39.1871
15.1496
30.6277
37.2041
3.02885
2637.24
94
372.592
39.182
27.3528
34.6795
39.9527
23.9776
2635
95
373.454
39.2021
14.2108
71.1012
83.4276
6.36906
2632.44
96
374.433
39.2122
18.1103
68.1572
62.9153
5.17257
2632.51
97
378.08
39.2041
17.5292
16.2269
13.2399
8.33457
2634.9
98
438.738
39.2142
13.0938
5.33653
11.5647
32 7702
2631.57
99
412.202
39.2272
7.91445
4.93708
11.3617
38.4199
2637.27
100
390.872
39.2242
13.5957
5.5072
10.5979
39.1776
2642.06
101
383.521
39.2303
14.0825
6.62567
10.3544
32.8689
2641.28
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
120Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth
M
Caliper_
Temperat
Natural
SNRfOh
m.
LNR[Oh
m.
Neutron
Conduct!
102
382.901
39.2323
14.6637
6.53488
11.3728
39.951
2628
103
381.571
39.2403
18.5158
7.59523
11.0665
39.3786
2632.46
104
384.56
39.2433
17.8034
9.21482
11.0665
32.7891
2630.65
105
422.815
39.2514
15.7325
8.04192
11.1588
32.0346
2634.88
105
381.276
39.2644
14.0967
6.73461
11.8119 1
44.3172
2640.65
107
400.837
39.2694
10.5213
6.53488
11.8856
52.2674
2620.38
108
383.875
39.2775
18.9355
8.23436
11.7676
35.5139
2636.94
109
391.013
39.2835
21.3169
6.93433
11.9705
35.4519
2618.6
110
391.113
39.3056
16.3153
7.02873
11.5647
46.4247
2629.29
111
413.497
39.3197
24.7149
6.23712
10.9558
51.8512
2577.78
112
399.506
39.3347
15.3597
6.1681
11.5647
52.6715
2560.8
113
394.119
39.3438
27.8693
8.93157
11.2768
34.8492
2567.84
114
444.691
39.3307
43.2157
11.7277
12.0517
17.9002
2570.33
115
444.224
39.3358
46.2728
10.3587
13.1882
25.4833
2566.75
116
471.592
39.3428
30.979
8.79722
14.2029
27.4045
2563.33
117
373.923
39.3528
45.1571
9.22933
12.5794
26.5447
2565.17
118
388.514
39.3779
33.9724
11.5642
14.4464
29.0549
2570.01
119
384.542
39.4001
49.6554
15.6567
17 7709
33.1788
2576.41
120
380.288
39.4011
48.2155
18.7178
18.2617
29.0951
2572.16
121
382.594
39.4201
53.2825
17.0838
15.9851
19.5376
2573.28
122
391.76
39.4282
35.4459
10.9869
14.6088
34.8095
2596.53
123
490.202
39.4453
86.9622
9.42906
13.107
27.8649
-
2566.84
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
121Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth
M
Caliper_
Temperat
Natural
SNR[Oh
m.
LNR[Oh 1
m.
Neutron
Conducti
124
470.18
39.4623
45.303
10.8671
13.3431
17.5229
2575.14
125
423.305
394794
46.9233
11.3028
13.1808
13.0876
2576.1
126
440.038
39.4975
50.4009
9.92654
12.893
16.4402
2568.09
127
431.542
39.5045
59.7239
10.3296
12.786
16.3614
2575.53
128
434.061
39.5116
55.5966
10.6783
13.1808
13.9498
2569.43
129
434.233
39.5106
34.2816
11.1285
13.2804
18.2342
2568.89
130
434.022
39.5146
33.4193
12.1271
13.2324
16.6668
2571.5
131
427.563
39.5256
54.595
11.1939
13.5018
17.4689
2571.61
132
414.353
39.5126
30.3971
11.2302
12.9963
16.6003
2560.99
133
409.617
39.5266
36.9818
10.6201
12.893
13.6819
2568.46
134
441.922
39.5397
40.9498
9.93018
12.6716
16.7144
2557.51
135
430.19
39.5307
43.844
9.73046
12.1735
18.1719
2568.88
136
456.295
39.5357
48.5708
8.47042
11.6127
17.9531
2544.32
137
446.97
39.5487
52.1812
7.95835
11.369
22.1975
2545.45
138
442.201
39.5779
50.1067
8.43042
11.3617
21.1578
2537.35
139
443.931
39.5759
59.2879
8.30332
11.251
18.0979
2549.53
140
498.613
39.596
50.8045
8.02374
11.3617
19.1581
2542.39
141
449.126
39.5859
46.4206
8.93157
11.1588
17.9984
2559.27
142
461.094
39.597
51.5685
8.3324
10.9558
18.9554
2563.9
143
548.222
39.596
59.0782
7.39917
11.0407
20.5003
2559.76
144
616.305
39.601
39.7219
7.4318
11.1477
27.3376
2566.17
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
122Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth
M
Caliper_
Temperat
Natural
SNR[Oh
m.
LNR[Ohm
Neutron
Conducti
145
581.519
39.605
30.4119
7.73323
10.9558
35.3419
2557.95
146
461.571
39.6191
42.2246
7.93295
10.7529
25.4744
2557.62
147
490.569
39.6211
34.0397
7.13406
10.5388
22.5986
2558.12
~148
595.844
39.577
33.843
6.53488
10.347
58.1227
2546.24
149
724.934
39.6015
28.1657
6.60027
16.3337
48.1802
2553.97
150
524.94
39.622
39.062
7.6333o
16.044
28.7555
2547.39
151
595.597
39.6474
28.9706
7.93295
16.0754
40.8297
2502.72
152
522.175
39.6675
24.8127
7.775
16.3854
47.0522
2483.73
153
507.656
39.6858
25.6426
8.18714
16.6067
23.2774
2478.63
154
506.134
39.7066
26.5812
9.3073P
16.7857
27.7219
2470.14
155
576.857
39.7314
22.3081
9.3274
17.3982
33.9339
2475.08
156
591.867
39.7524
29.8501
8.67737
18.2155
33.3612
2478.03
157
510.992
39.7775
31.6335
9.36186
18.6675
33.3378
2512.1
158
506.534
39.7986
49.9699
12.699
18.8704
33.8897
2537.97
159
451.409
39.8257
31.6862
14.2405
21.907
19.9274
2598.43
160
255.297
39.8694
17.6003
31.3408
24.8421
13.7692
2550.86
161
361.239
39.9067
21.1146
27.8629
24.9622
11.7557
2549.14
162
380.612
39.924
40.5196
13.1167
21.968
21.3963
2523.14
163
377.947
39.9402
43.0068
14.0152
21.123
21.0239
2535.49
164
369.529
39.9569
20.2543
21.3376
22.3184
17.0203
2545.32
165
369.57
39.9719
27.941
19.2953
22.3904
17.9597
2565.28
166
368.04
39.9882
15.9558
19.983
21.0161
16.9368
2564.32
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
123Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth
M
Caliper_
Temperat
Natural
SNR[Ohm
LNR[Oh
m.
Neutron
Conducti
167
388.778
40.0055
44.2624
13.901
21.4052
20.9235
2564.12
168
379.75
40.1783
39.7411
16.105
20.4367
21.3403
-99999
169
384.955
40.2105
49.0121
14.94681
21.5768
14.7687
-99999
170
385.951
40.2411
27.4456
17.3742
20.8997
13.7242
-99999
171
386.039
40.2714
58.4466
14.6435
22.062
16.7233
-99999
172
372.313
40.3034
27.4797
23.693
28.7735
20.1382
-99999
173
383.615
40.3372
25.6663
20.9583
28.1058
13.6336
-99999
174
403.399
40.3706
54.7429
16.8295
26.9251
15.9606
-99999
175
370.219
40.4044
29.6213
19.8688
26.5155
18.9605
-99999
176
372.556
40.4392
21.9617
18.2857
27.0874
20.264
-99999
177
366.871
40.4731
26.7082
18.7976
26.9251
14.2246
-99999
178
363.624
40.5071
34.4733
19.5203
27.0 8
16.9343
-99999
179
363.624
40.5393
21.8965
20.9218
27.0911
19.0351
-99999
180
364.222
40.5712
26.2857
20.5661
25.7998
18.141
-99999
181
362.967
40.6016
30.1221
15.9181
26.1096
17.0626
-99999
182
361.323
40.6319
28.1202
20.7692
27.6961
15.3248
-99999
183
359.174
40.6612
27.4771
26.3647
31.0794
17.2117
-99999
184
359.018
40.6868
19.5316
26.1144
31.4006
18.1023
-99999
185
275.655
40.7134
31.7798
22.1201
28.7145
20.9905
-99999
186
253.459
40.7416
33.5039
25.3481
26.5819
18.8092
-99999
187
244.674
40.7665
24.1463
27.1565
27.4859
17.2233
-99999
188
254.99
40.7905
27.7702
29.0661
28.4083
18.2775
-99999
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
124Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth
M
Caliper_
Temperat
Natural
SNR[Ohm.
LNR[Ohm.
Neutron
Conducti
189
250.599
40.8152
35.1806
30.9399
28.2349
15.5525
-99999
190
252.833
40.8404
44.7161
27.5485
28.4083
16.5122
-99999
191
255.438
40.864
44.9108
29.8615
28.102
16.9715
-99999
192
256.043
40.8853
26.9075
25.6278
27.331
18.7408
-99999
193
258.624
40.9049
24.6755
24.7091
23.7409
15.1553
-99999
194
269.294
40.9218
41.4482
12.8098
24.1468
31.3477
-999991
195
261.623
40.9392
32.2449
21.1252
22.7262
13.7816
-99999
196
262.427
40.9609
42.2231
15.0686
23.2686
22.1619
-99999
197
274.613
40.9836
25.6485
11.6806
23 4346
28.8101
-99999
198
255.035
41.0052
43.0157
17.5955
23.512
30.7723
-99999
199
268.65
41.0244
32.3825
20.497
21.848
17.2929
-99999
200
286.539
40.9916
43.6856
18.9683
25.0285
10 7655
-99999
201
265.879
41.0171
31.3965
33.2707
26.7037
9.65776
-99999
202
262.741
41.0587
24.3551
33.3895
23.7057
10.9469
-99999
203
258.277
41.1073
29.9844
20.5188
22.7189
24.1416
-99999
204
257.239
41.1376
24.3656
23.7868
21.5086
18.6373
-99999
205
272.656
41.1587
34.3114
19.3223
22.276
15.5503
-99999
206
261.78
41.1847
23.495
23.2731
22.6357
19.9435
-99999
207
260.479
41.2141
31.5226
24.9428
24.715
19.8579
-99999
208
258.409
41.235
34.1231
34.8523
27.4046
11.6016
-99999
209
260.466
41.255
49.6772
27.8626
27.1353
18.267
-99999
210
263.093
41.2754
45.1649
25.0631
27.9415
13.5323
-99999
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design ana Supervision Enterprise
Depth
M
Caliper_
Temperature
Natural
SNRfOhm.
LNRfOhm.
Neutron
Conduct!
vity
211
255.948
41.2897
37.582
31.2848
29.5371
10.909
-99999
212
252.462
41.2874
17.5026
46.0345
31.7456
9.36271
-99999
213
260.875
41.296
35.6184
33.3819
33.4501
10.0686
-99999
214
259.196
41.3118
24.6196
39.4231
30.539
9.64395
-99999
215
257.931
41.3296
19.7623
35.7582
33.3209
7.68011
-99999
216
257.931
41.3485
22.3451
41.1081
31.3968
8.71371
-99999
217
257.711
41.3657
22.9651
34.3276
29.7495
10.7471
-99999
218
257.516
41.361
22.3914
32.7554
27.8585
10.4469
-99999
219
258.73
41.3391
18.9022
33.9373
27.5208
9.11293
-99999
220
258.624
41.3115
28.6783
28.1677
25.6467
10.5522
-99999
221
260.56
41.3198
90.4954
19.9034
21.7984
20.229
-99999
222
273.429
41.3111
124.29
24.1424
20.778
21.6896
-99999
223
264.179
41.3051
41.8876
32.207
19.4096
9.86659
-99999
224
324.608
41.3188
30.2283
7.71156
17.247
28.4457
-99999
225
294.027
41.3363
13.8925
6.13543
17.7174
43.3344
-99999
226
285.722
41.3322
15.6013
6.64919
17.7543
29.3912
-99999
227
255.561
41.2946
63.1523
30.7412
17.9682
11.3027
-99999
228
254.347
41.2999
62.9889
39.9317
32.6267
6.36861
-99999
229
-99999
41.546
29.9743
49.4548
33.4353
9.09075
-99999
230
-99999
41.581
36.7999
38.7409
26.6264
10.0065
-99999
231
-99999
41.6103
63.587
26.0053
23.9438
12.1851
-99999
232
-99999
41.6443
34.2975
32.1815
23.586
13.6184
-999991
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
126Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth
M
Caliper
Temperature
Natural
SNR[Ohm.
LNRfOhm.
Neutron
Conduct!
vity
233
-99999
41.6696
65.6871
21.8042
22.7262
15.9191
-99999
234
-99999
41.6988
50.8524
32.7952
23 7998
14.9236
-99999
235
-99999
41.7245
22.5738
39.3926
29.6625
8.68839
-99999
236
-99999
41.7552
26.133
45.9166
31.6551
16.9013
-99999
237
-99999
41.7796
29.0654
38.3978
30.5594
16.2223
-99999
238
-99999
41.7989
51.4673
34.5929
25.8182
9.96964
-99999
239
-99999
41.8126
36.417
31.9749
24.0287
9.98499
-99999
240
-99999
41.8143
20.9657
29.8034
23.1321
13.0156
-99999
241
-99999
41.8187
25.6915
27.4724
22.5233
14.5237
-99999
242
-99999
41.8063
25.6966
27.2906
22.7262
11.3439
-99999
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
127Water Works Design ano Supervision Enterprise
Figure 2. 14: Geophysical log, Lithology and well construction
WATER WORKS DESIGN AND SUPERVISION ENTERPRISE)
P.O£ox2MUdOi» AnjtM.Emiopi*.
Tef. 0116614501/66J 1*90. Fax. 0116615371. « mall.
Dallol Groundwater Evalluation Project
AH.L DTW-OO4-13
boaters with cl
freash meta
sandstone
highly weatherd
granite
highly weatherd 
meta sand stone
highly we jibe rd
granite
nighly weatherd
(decomposed)
iron rich rock
almost chanead
to clay
sand stone with
some clay mixed
260
Well 1ndex-DTW-O4
UTME: 062291
UTMN' 1584209
Ellvatlon:-*-1 1OM
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
2.4.6 Casing and Observation Pipe installation and Gravel Packing
Casing  arrangement is done after considering  geophysical logging,  formation  samples (drill cutting), penetration rate in order to identify the water bearing formations and arrange the screen and blind production casings so as to set the screen casings against the aquifer portion of the well. Since the proper positioning of the screen and blind casings ensure the free passage of the groundwater flow from the aquifer to  the well and  thereby  maximize the amount of water withdrawn from the well, special care was given to the appropriate placing of the screens.
Then after, well is cleaned to make ready for installation of production casing. Installations of 10” and 6” PVC production casing with screen setting pursuant to the water bearing formation were performed.
2.4.7 Casing Installation
Tabic 2. 35: Casing Arrangement
Well depth interval
from the surface
Casing Length
from
To
Casing 
material
(steel,
PVC)
Diameter
(OD),
inch
Wall
thickness,
inch
Connection
of casings’
Blind
Screen
Screen 
opening
length,
m
Screen 
opening
width,
m
%of
screen 
opening
Remark
0
6
steel
17
8
welding
6
Surface
casimg
0+0.75
82.00
PVC
10"
82.75
82.00
93..50
10"
115
93..50
99.25
10"
5.75
99.25
110.75
10“
115
110.75
122.25
10"
115
122.25
128.00
10"
5.75
128.00
145.25
10"
17.25
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and       adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
129Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Well depth interval
from the surface
Casing Length
from
To
Casing
maten
al
(steel,
PVC)
Diamete
r (OD).
inch
Wall
thickness,
inch
Connectio
n of
casings’
Blind
Screen
Screen 
opening
length,
m
Screen 
opening 
width, m
% of
screen 
openin
g
Remark
145.25
162.50
10“
17.25
162.50
168.25
10"
5.75
168.25
174.00
10“
5.75
174.00
185.50
10"
11.5
185.50
197.00
10-
11.5
197.00
197.60
reducer
0.6
197.60
215.15
seal
6"
17.55
215.15
226.85
6"
11.7
226.85
232.70
6"
5.85
232 70
238.55
6"
5.85
238.55
250.25
6"
11.7
2.4.8 Well Development
To remove the mud cake or drilling fluid film that coats the borehole and to increase the natural porosity and permeability of the formation in the vicinity of the borehole, well development is carried out. The well developed by air compressor, for 14 hours until the water become clean and silt/sand free.
2.4.9 Pumping Test
2.4.9.1 Preliminary Pumping Test
The preliminary pumping test is conducted for 2 hrs the yield of the well is 101/s and the maximum drawdown is 17.37m.
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
130Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Tabic 2. 36: Preliminary Pumping Test Data
Pump Type:Deep well submersible pumpH =  Q  —10-------------------------------------------------
m=
Pump    position:    _170_    m    Method    of    Measurement:         V-notchIf    V-notch,    Type    Static
water level (SWL): _132.82_ m. If Artesian Piezometric head above the surface of the earth:
m
Date
Time
since
pumping
started,
min
Water
Level(m)
Draw
Down(m)
Q(l/s)
EC,
ms/cm
Tern Oc
TDS
Recovery
0
132.82
0.00
150.19
1
138.27
5.45
10
144.50
2
140.3
7.48
142.20
3
141.56
8.74
140.45
4
142.55
9.73
139.25
5
143.23
10.41
138.09
6
143.65
10.83
137.40
7
144.13
11.31
137.00
8
144.5lH
11.69
136.71
9
144.89
12.07
136.50
10
145.25
12.43
136.25
12
145.87
13.05
14
146.34
13.52
16
146.75
13.93
10
18
147.01
14.19
20
147.27
14.45
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
131Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise_________________________________ —
Date
Time
since
pumping
started,
min
Water
Level(m)
Q(l/s)
Draw
Down(m)
EC.
ms/cm
Tem Oc
TDS
Recovery
25
147.85
15.03
30
148.2
15.38
35
148.45
15.63
10
40
148.65
15.83
45
148.85
16.03
50
149.04
16.22
10
55
149.17
16.35
60
149.31
16.49
70
149.54
16.72
80
149.69
16.87
10
90
149.85
17.03
100
149.97
17.15
120
150.19
17.37
10
2.4.9.2  Step Drawdown Pumping Test
The step  drawdown  pumping  test is conducted  for 6  hours,  consisting  of 3  steps each  of equal to two  hours duration.  The 3  step  drawdown  test with  4.5  lit/sec,  7  lit/sec and  10  lit/sec discharges rate respectively as shown below.
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
132Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Table 2. 37: Step Drawdown Test Data
Pump type:Submersible
Step test duration:
Method of measurement: V-notch (V-notch, volumetric) If V-notch, Type----------------------------
Pump position. 170m. Static water level (SWL): 132.98m Piezometric level.-------------------- —11
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Step 4
Date
Time
Time(min)
Since
pumping
Started
Ql>__4.5__ ,1/1
Q2=_ 7__ l/s
Q3=_ 10__ l/$
Q4=          l/s
Recovery
Observation
WL, m
DO, m
WL, m
DD, m
WL, m
DD, m
WL, m
DD, m
WL. m
0
132.98
137.86
143.45
150.39
1
134.9
140.56
145.4
144.5
2
135.4
140.9
145.86
142.4
3
135.9
141.2
146.65
140.7
4
136.2
141.43
147.11
140.7
5
136.35
141.63
147 68
139.75
6
136.47
141.74
148.09
138.7
7
136 59
141.87
148.35
138.04
8
136.65
141.96
148.56
137.61
9
136.7
142.06
148.66
137.3
10
136.79
142.11
148.73
137.04
12
136.87
142.26
148.95
136.81
14
136.98
142.35
14.08
136.52
16
137.04
142.42
14.15
136.26
18
137.08
142.46
149.27
136.04
20
137.14
142.55
14.35
135.88
25
137.23
142.72
1448
135.69
Final Report Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
133Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Step 4
Date
Time
Time(min)
Since
pumping
Suited
Ql=_4.5___ l/s
Q2«_7_l/s
Q3=_ 10__ l/s
Q4=_ __ l/s
Recovery
Observation
WL, m
DD, m
WL, m
DD, m
WL, m
DD, m
WL, m
DD, m
WL, m
30
137.31
142.76
14.55
135.39
35
137 37
142.81
149.67
135.1
40
137 43
142.88
149.76
134.88
45
137 48
142.94
149.82
134.72
50
137.53
142.98
14.88
134.54
55
137.57
143.05
149.92
134.32
60
137.63
143.11
14.99
134.24
70
137 68
143.19
150.09
134.04
80
137.75
143.25
150.13
133.92
90
137.75
143.31
150.2
133.87
100
137.8
143.39
150.28
133.82
110
137.83
143.4
150.32
133.78
120
137.86
143.45
150.39
To summarize step drawdown tests with four steps as shown below
Steps
Q
S (Drawdown, m)
Duration
Step 1
Ql=4.51/s
4.88
120 minutes
Step 2
Q2=71/s
10.47
120 minuets
Step 3
Well Efficiency
Q3=10l/s
17.41
120 minutes
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
134Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Table 2. 38: Well Efficiency Curve
B
C
Q
CQ
B+CQ
E=B/B+CQ
%
step-1
6.00E-03
2.00E-05
388.89
7.78E-03
1.38E-02
4.35E-01
43.5%
step-2
6.00E-03
2.00E-05
613.582
1.23E-02
1.83E-02
3.28E-01
32.8%
step-3
6.OOE-O3
2.00E-05
846.916
1.69E-02
2.29E-02
2.62E-01
26.2%
2.4.10   Constant and Recovery Pumping Test
A   constant   pumping   test   for   continuous   22   hours   was   conducted   with   Q=   441/s;   immediately after  the  completion  of  the  constant  rate  test,  recovery  water  level  monitoring  were  proceed  for
12  hours.  The  recovery  attains  92  percent  within  5  minutes;  The  pump  position  for  this  well  is  set to 119.15 meters.
Final Report- Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
135Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
2.4.10.1   Constant Pumping Test
Table 2. 39: Constant Pumping Test Data
Constant Test Start Date: 08-07-13(d/m/y)
Constant Test Duration: 48hours Pump type: submercible
Constant Test End Date: 10-07-13
SWL: 133.05 and stick out lm Pump position: 170m Q:10_-----------------------------------------------
If Artesian Piezomctric head above the surface of the earth:1
Date
Time
since
pumping
started,
min
Water
Levelf m)
Draw
Down(m)
Q(L/S)
EC,
HS/cm
TDS g/l
Salinity
g/i
Temp.
0
133.05
0.00
1
138.80
5.75
2
140.40
7.35
3
141 49
8.44
4
142.51
9.46
5
143.25
10.20
6
143.73
10.68
10
7
144.14
11.09
8
144.54
11.49
10
9
144.95
11.90
10
145.28
12.23
12
145.81
12.76
14
146.22
13.17
16
146.52
13.47
5.75
3.96
2.9
44.2
18
146.72
13.67
20
146.94
13.89
5.73
3.69
2.8
44 6
25
147.40
14.35
30
147.75
14.70
5.86
3.51
2.7
44.7
35
148.00
14.95
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
136Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Date
Time
since
pumping
started,
min
Water
Level(m)
Draw
Down(m)
Q(L/S)
EC.
pS/cm
TDS g/l
Salinity
g/l
Temp
40
148.20
15.15
45
148 38
15.33
50
148 55
15.50
55
148.61
15.56
60
148.83
15.78
7.38
4.41
31
44.3
70
149 00
15.95
6.5
4.02
2.9
45.4
80
149.25
16.20
8.13
4.2
3.5
44 1
90
149 45
16.40
6.38
3.96
2.7
44.8
100
149 55
16.50
7.81
4.72
3.3
45.3
120
14969
16.64
7.87
4.75
3.4
44 7
140
149 90
16.85
160
150 08
17.03
180
150 18
17.13
10
210
150 32
17.27
240
150.44
17.39
270
150.53
17.48
300
150.62
17.57
5.51
3.3
2.4
44 5
330
150.66
17.61
10
5.82
3.52
2.6
44.8
360
150.72
17.67
10
6.47
3.89
2.8
45.1
420
150 83
17.78
6.87
4.15
3
454
480
150.90
17.85
7.28
4.38
3.1
45
540
150.95
17.90
6.18
3.72
2.7
44.8
600
151 03
17.98
660
151 09
18.04
720
151 16
18.11
10
780
151.22
18.17
840
151 29
18.24
900
151.33
18.28
960
151.38
18.33
1020
151 43
18.38
4 75
2.86
2.1
46.2
1080          151 45        18.40
7.15          4 29
3.1
46 5
Final Report Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
137Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Date
Time
since
pumping
started,
min
Water
Level(m)
Draw
Down(m)
Q(LVS)
EC,
pS/cm
TDS g/l
Salinity 
g/i
Temp
1140
151.50
18.45
6 44
3.94
2.8
45.9
1200
151.53
18.48
8.76
5.25
3.8
46 1
1260
151.58
18.53
1320
151 70
18.65
1380
151.75
18.70
1440
151.78
18.73
1500
151.86
18.81
1560
151.90
18.85
1620
151.97
18.92
8.12
4.69
3.5
45.2
1680
152.00
18.95
8.8
5.24
3.8
45.1
1740
152.06
19.01
8.61
5.17
3.7
44.8
1800
152.10
19.05
7.68
4.88
3.6
44 3
1860
152.14
19.09
7.89
4.74
3.4
45.8
1920
152.16
19.11
8.8
5.27
3.8
45.8
1980
152.20
19.15
2040
152.22
19.17
2100
152.24
19.19
2160
152.27
19.22
2220
152.31
19.26
2280
152.35
19.30
10
8.68
5.22
3.7
44.6
2340
152.38
19.33
8.67
5.19
3.7
44.8
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
138Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Date
Time
since
pumping
started,
min
Water
Level(m)
Draw
Down(m)
Q(L/S)
EC,
pS/cm
TDS g/l
Salinity
g/l
Temp.
2400
152.43
19.38
2460
152.47
19.42
2520
152.49
19.44
2580
152.51
19.46
10
2640
152.54
19.49
2700
152.56
19.51
8.78
528
3.8
43.9
2760
152.60
19.55
8.71
521
3.7
44 6
2820
152.61
19.56
8.70
518
3.7
44.3
2880
152.62
19.57
8.75
525
3.8
44.8
2280
152.35
19.30
10
8.68
5.22
3.7
44.6
2340
152.38
19.33
8.67
5.19
3.7
44 8
2400
15243
19.38
2460
152.47
19.42
2520
152.49
19.44
10
2580
152.51
19.46
2640
152.54
19.49
10
2700
152 56
19.51
8 78
528
3.8
439
2760
152.60
19.55
8.71
521
3.7
44 6
2820
152.61
19.56
10
8.70
518
3.7
44 3
2880
152.62
19.57
10
8 75
525
3.8
44 8
Final Report- Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
139Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
2.4.10.2   Recovery Pumping Test Table 2. 40: Recovery Pumping Test Data Recovery Stan Date: 10-07-13 (d/m/y)
Recovery End Date: 11-07-13
Constant
SWL: 133.05m
Test
Duration:48hours
Pump position:170m Q:101/s
Pump 
type:submebile
Date
Time
since
Recovery 
started, 
min
Water
Level(m)
Residual Draw
Down(m)
Comment
0
152.62
19.57
1
146.02
12.97
2
144.00
10.95
3
143.86
10.81
4
141.87
8.82
5
141.20
8.15
6
140.58
7.53
7
140.25
7.20
8
139.97
6.92
9
139.68
6.63
10
139.43
6.38
12
139.09
6.04
14
138.88
5.83
16
138.50
5.45
18
138.32
5.27
20
138.17
5.12
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140Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Date
Time since
Recovery
started,
min
Water
Level(m)
Residual Draw
Down(m)
Comment
25
137 86
4.81
30
137 61
4.56
35
137 40
4 35
40
137.25
4.20
45
137.17
4.12
50
136.10
3.05
60
136 71
3.66
70
136 58
3.53
80
136.33
3.28
90
136.25
3.20
100
136.11
3.06
120
135.94
2 89
140
135 80
2.75
160
135.70
2.65
180
135.60
2.55
210
135.52
2.47
240
135.41
2.36
270
135.38
2.33
300
135.34
2.29
330
135.30
2.25
360
135.25
2.20
420
135.15
2.10
480
135.10
2.05
540
135.01
1.96
600
134.96
1.91
660
134 94
1 89
720
134 89
1.84
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
141W|u)
Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
1. Constant Method Analysis after COOPER & JACOB (By Version 2.5)
t/r M/mq
1U
10’
----------1—i i ri m
------------ 1----- 1---- 1—1—• • —4
1    1   111111
---------- 1-----1 1 ! 1 ITT
1 i 1 1 II
___ 11111111
-            iiiiiiii ---------- 1—1 1 1 1 1 IT
---------- 1—i    i    i    11    m ---- I       |—1 . ; 4- l-M
---------1—l l 1 l III ---------- 1----- 11          314
iiiiiiiI
1 1 1 1 1 111
--------------1------ r—I—i—r I IT
i—i i imr
1     I    !1111l
-•--------- ------------- 1—1 ■ ■ 4
la 1      1 1 1 1 1 1
---------- »   —--- 1---—• ■ - 4 11111111
1 III ITTT
l |       | I I 11
,
----------1---- r—i *1 w ? t 4
i ii!h
---------- 1—»—♦—* «■* i >- 1     1   1 1 11 II
I
i i i |i| |i ( |1|41-1
1     1 1 11 1 1 1 -----------1---- 1| i 1 | u
^O_ |           1 1 i 1 1 IT
—--------- 1-----  --- 1-- 4-»- t r 4- 1    1   111111
1   1  1  I  1  1  IT i iii iiii
I---------------- 1 1 H* 1 1 1I1111 1 1 1i1111 11111111
I      l1111lI ----------- 1---- 1 1 f U444-
1
---------- 1—i i i rm 1    '1 ♦ 1 J 1 ITI     ---------- 1—iiii nr
I
----------1II1 1 1 1 1 TV
iiiiiiii
! I i i I 111
---------- 1-------1 1 IHT?
t----- i    i i .      ■ . i
1      I J 1 1 1 1 1 M                  ------ 1—1  i I 1
11111111
i i i i i 111
1*1 1 1 1 1 1
Transmissivity               0.20 x IO1 HydrauOc conducltvKy [rrvd]: 6.91 x 10 1
SroraOvfiy: 7JK7 x 10*
2. Constant Method Analysis by Thesis dimensionless method
Thais analysis method - Confined aquifer
Transmissivity [nV/dQ: 5.40 x 10’
Hydraidk conducfivtty (m«Q: 6.06 x 10'
•torafivfiy: 7.75 x 10A
3. Recovery Method Analysis after THEIS & JACOB (by Version 2.5)
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Recovery method Mter THEIS & JACOB - Unconflned aquifer
IV
—Jll 1 1111
---------1—1 1 1 1 ITT I11 11 i 11 1 1111
4
-------- 1--- rTTTTTT 1    1 1 1 | | U-
--------- 1—i i i i rrr
_____ 1---- 1 1 1 1 1 u-
1 1 1 1 r 111
-- ----         ♦      r 11
1 1 1 1 1111
—      r
1   1 1 1 1 1 II
i i I iTPFh
111 111111111t1 ♦
p • j- i
1 I1 1 1 1 11
—^li i i 4-;—
1 I’^JIII
-------- 1--- 1 1 1 1 1 -r 1-- 1 1 1 1 1 II
1 I 1 1 1111 -------- i---- 1--I1I-IIIiI-i—I i I
1    1 1 1 1 1 II 1 n ITTTT
-------- 1fl1 1 ITITT --------1i —1i i-i1i—111—i  1  ni
1    1 1 1 1 1 II -------- 1—TTTTTTT -------- *i --- 1i i1i i1—1 i 11 1 r 1
1   1 1 1 1 1 II
--------              —  — 1    1 1 1 1 1 II
i ttitttt
i 1 i1i i111111 Hl
♦
— i r i n?rr I       *             11L
1111
i i i i 1111 |------- 1—1 11114-
11111111
---------1---1 1 1 1 ITT 1   111i111
--------- 1—i    i    i    riTr II llll-f-
1 1 1 1 1111 iTrmu
__
i i i i i 111 1   1 Illi IT
_____ 1---- f 1 1 4-M4
1    1 1 1 11II
---------1----1 1 ITTTT i1  1ii1i1ii1ii1   1
--------                     r 1   1 1 1 1 1 II
---------1    1 1 1 1 ITT 1 1 1 1 1 1 11
i i i i i i ii
11111111
i      i      iiii      n |-------------- 1—| | I 144-
11111111
11111111
TransmtsstvRy (nvVd]: U5 x 10*
Hydraulic conducttvRy (nvd): *.(3 x 101
Table 2. 41: Pumping test analysis
2.4.11  Water Quality
After collection  of water sample from the well while conducting  the pumping  test it was labeled, the label was comprised  stated  date,  time and  the depth  from which  the sample was taken  and handed  over for laboratory  chemical quality  analysis.  In  most cases the known  standards have a direct relationship with geology
In  general,  the chemical quality  of the well water is fit to  Ethiopian  standard  for household  uses and  WHO Check  the result of the laboratory  analysis and  summary  of the interpretation  of the chemical analysis as follows:-
The  chemical  analysis  result  of  the  water  sample  collected  during  pumping  test  shows  that  the water of the well is chemically Na-Ca-Cl type
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
143Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Table of Chemical Analysis Results of Water Samples Table 2. 42: Chemical Analysis Results Data
Source of sample                  Well
Well
WeU
WHO max-
min (mg/1)
Location
Dallol
Dallol
DaDol
Date of collection
8/7/2013
9/7/2013
10/7/2013
Date received
1/8/2013
1/8/2013
1/8/2013
Clients ID. NO.
DTW-04 at the
bigning of the
constant test
DTW-04 at
the middle of
the constant
test
DTW-04 at
the end of
constant test
Lab.IDNo.
264/2006
265/2006
266/2006
—
Turbidity (NTU)
nill
Nill
Nill
5
Total Solids 1050c(mg/l)
13682
13662
13622
-
T. Dissolved Solid 1050c
13680
13660
13620
1000
Electrical
Conductivity(mS/cm)
19800
19700
—
19863
PH
6.47
6.84
6.81
65-8.5
Ammonia(mg/1 NH3)
2.26
3.93
2.05
—
Sodium (mg/1 Na)
2750
2625
2575
200
Potassium(mg/1 k)
91
108
111
—
Total Hardness(mg/1 CaCo3)
4800
5200
5400
500
Caldum(mg/1 Ca)
1680
1744
1440
200
Magnesium(mg/1 Mg)
144
201.6
432
150
Total Iron(mg/1 Fe)
0.21
0.35
0.21
0.3
Manganese(mg/1 Mn)
0.4
1.01
0.25
0.1
Flouride(mg/1 F)
1.5
1.56
1.84
1.5
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallpfl, 2bl4
//•’
'
ft .
M4
i» • *
yWater Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Source of sample
Well
Well
Well
WHO max-
min (mg/1)
Chloride(mg/1 Cl)
8093.77
8284.62
8393.68
250
Nitntc(mg/1 No2)
0.03
0.04
Nill
—
Nitrate(mg/1 No3)
4.29
5.13
4.57
45
Alkalimry(mg/1 CaCo3)
72
72
60
—
Carbonace(mg/1 CO3)
Nill
Nill
Nill
—
Bicarbonate(mg/1 HCO3)
87.84
87.84
73.2
—
Sulphate(mg/1 SO4)
444.68
517.78
508.92
400
Phosphate(m&/1 PO4)
0.12
0.15
0.04
—
Boron(mg/1 B)
2.78
3.2
3.05
0.3
Fecal Coliform per 100 ml
-
-
-
—
Final Report Well Accomplishment Report ot Musley fans and adjacent areas (Oallol), 20MWater Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
DTW 04 Al the begining
DTW ■ 04 Al the Middle
□“
■-
□*
x
□
M3
c
ca
■
SRI
G□
| HCO3
| DO*
DTW-04 At the End
□“
□-
a ■mj-i
Figure 2. 15: Pie and Piper plot of the water quality analysis
2.4.12  Cementing and Grouting
Grouting  was done both  between  the wall of the borehole and  the surface casing  and  in  between the surface casing  and  production  The cement grout provide a seal which  is readily  placed  and develop  the strength  to  contain  load,  hold  casing  firmly  in  position  and  the most important thing is to prevent the seepage of surface water in to the well
The grouting  between  the surface casing  and  wall of the borehole is done just after the installation  of six  maters steel surface casing  The grouting  between  the production  casing  and the conductor casing  is done after the gravel packing  and  development which  is six  meter below the surface and half a meter above the surface
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146Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
2.4.13 Well Head Construction
The final part of the well construction  is the well head.  Well head  was done according  to  the specified Design  as it out line in  the contract agreement in  actual fact to  protect the stick  up  above ground  from breakage and  movement during  pump  installation  including  capping  of rectangle is constructed.  But most importantly  to  avoid  the rescue of pollution  and  for sanitary  purpose with  special care is taken for the mixing  ratio  and  quality  of sand: water,  cement and  aggregate used  for the construction  of the well head with lm x lm x 0.5m dimension.
2.4.14 Borehole camera inspection
Borehole camera inspection  is done to  have visual record  of the well for the future rehabilitation  and pump  installation  problem.  This borehole camera is designed  also  to  have a partial side view.  The borehole camera inspection  was performed  by  downward  looking  accompanied  by  an  appropriate light source.  The recorded  data of the inspected  wells is submitted  on  with  DVD tape by  the contractor with this report.
2.4.15  Well capping
After the completion of well head construction, we sealed and capped the well with 6mm thick steel
plate of the same diameter as the conductor casing was welded as security measure to assure that no 
foreign object fall into the well before the well starts giving the intended service. On the middle of
well cap half inch threaded opening is prepared to send in the dip mater for checking the water table
anytime. The treaded opening is closed with threaded half inch cap.
2.4.16 Conclusion and Recommendation
After diligent examination  of the drilling  cutting  and  result of constant test,  the main  aquifer in  the area is coarser sand  and  gravel.  The whole construction  works i.e.  the drilling,  developing  installation of casing and sanitary protections had been performed.
The  screen  production  casings  are  set  to  be  against  aquifer  portion  of  the  well.  This  was  confirmed from examination of the drill cuttings and electrical logging.
According  to  the agreement,  the proposed  total drilling  target depth  is 250m the intended  to  drill with in  ±20% was 300m; however,  the well is drilled  up  to  a depth  of 250m.  Again  from careful Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
147Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
examination of casing arrangement and total draw down observed in the well and aquifer p recommended to set the pump position to be around at the depth of 155m.
As the laboratory chemical analysis show the water is saline this is not recommend for any othe mineral extraction and oil and gas production. So this well will only be used for solution mining which is planned for the future in the area. It also recommended using bigger pump to determine the aquifer parameter because the one which we use is too small to make a drawdown.
’ eP’r' "C"
MUste, , „s ana
a
~ —
148Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
2.5 DTW-05-13
2.5.1   Salient Feature
2.5.1.2 Location
The well is specifically  located  in  zone two  Dallol Wereda Muslay  camp  geographically  near the foot of escarpment with  the geographic coordinates of (Adindan): UTM zone: - 1573114N, 0628438E and Elivation +4m a.s.l
2.5.1.3 Drilling History
Drilling operations was carried out from 14th June, 2013 to 17th June, 2013 using mud rotary system with drilling fluid water and bentonite. The total penetration depth reached is 152m below ground level of which the first 6m was drilled 20” rock bit and installed with 17” surface casing. Drilling down the well is continued with 14 up to 152m using tungsten carbide bits, 
10" blind & screen PVC casing installed respectively according to the casing arrangement up to 151.10m.
2.5.2   General Information
th
Project: Dallol Groundwater Evaluation Project
Client. Ministry of Water and Energy. Date of Contract 19   December 2012
Drilling  Contractor:  Ethiopotash  has  sub  contract  the  whole  work  for  RAJ  mineral  &  Exploration Services FZE (Ethiopia Branch)
Drilling started: 14/06/13                 Drilling Completed: 17/06/13 Type of work: Test Well (observation well, production well, rehabilitation.
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
149Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
2.5.3    Basic Well Characteristics
Table 2. 43: Basic Well Characteristics
Well Index
DTW-05-12
Well depth, m
152
Static water level ,m
45.19
Pumping test Pump position, m
127.5
Pumping test discharge ,1/s
6
Pumping test Pump power, Kw
300
Maximum drawdown, m
72.91
Dynamic Water level ,m
118.10
Transmissivity ,m / day
2
5.48 x 10°
Hydraulic conductivity(m/d)
1.09x10-’
Safe Yield, 1/s
6
Well Type
Test
Main Aquifer
coarser sand and gravel
2.5.4 Drilling method and Diameter Table 2. 44: Drilling method and diameter
Depth interval
Drilling
Drilling system
Surface casing used
0-6m
20"
Mud Rotary
17" steel casing
6-152m
14"
Mud Rotary
10" Screen & Blind PVC casing
L
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014I
I
I
I
I
I
I
■
■
■
■
0
0
Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise________________________ ______________________________________
2.5.5    Logging, EC and Temperature
2.5.5.1  Geological Logging
In the whole course of drilling, drill cuttings were collected at 2 meters fixed interval to describe both  the lithology  of formation  samples penetrated  by  the borehole and  the stratigraphical succession. Samples were described properly and water bearing zones were identified.
For the purpose of litho logical logging, formation samples that were collected and provided at every  two  linear  meters  interval  were  described  using  the  aid  of  hand  lens.  In  general  the stratigraphic sequences encountered throughout the penetrated depth of the well are fine sand, gravel, coarser sand and clay. The possible water bearing formations are gravel and coarser sand Table 2. 45: Lithological Description
Depth
Lithology
0
6
Boulders with clay
6
20
Fine sand
20
24
Clay
24
26
Fine sand
26
28
Clay
28
58
fine gravel with moderately weathered crushed boulders
58
70
Highly weathered crushed boulders
70
84
Highly weathered gravel and crushed boulders (aquifer)
84
100
Highly weathered gravel (aquifer)
100
110
Clay
110
120
Fine gravel with crushed boulders (water effect change color) aquifer
120
136
Fresh crushed boulders
136
142
Gravel with crushed boulders (aquifer)
142
150
Gravel with clay (aquifer)
150
152
(contact) clay with some rock
0 ____________ ________________
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
0
0
151Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
2.5.S.2  Electrical Conductivity & Temperature
During  drilling  electrical conductivity  (EC),  Total dissolved  substance (TDS),  Salinity  and temperature of the water was measured  No  any  significant changes in  conductivity,  TDS, Temperature and Salinity of the drilling fluid were observed during drilling, in the development and pumping test EC, TDS, Salinity and Temperature increased
Table 2.JI6: Electrical Conductivity & Temperature data during drilling
Depth (m)
Temperature
(0c)
EC (ms)
TDS (mg/l)
Salinity (mg/l)
48
35.9
0.99
593
0.7
56
38.6
0.91
545
0.6
58
38.4
0.90
543
0.6
78
35.2
0.93
560
0.6
80
36.7
0.86
512
0.6
82
35.3
0.86
507
0.6
84
37.3
0.87
517
0.6
86
35.7
0.82
492
0.6
88
35.8
0.83
502
0.6
90
36.4
0.82
490
0.6
92
38.9
0.80
479
0.6
94
37.4
0.81
485
0.6
96
38.1
0.80
480
0.6
98
38.2
0.81
482
0.6
38.7
0.78
473
0.6
,<K
102
37.6
0.76
466
0.6
104
37.9
0.78
476
0.6
Final Report. Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
*
T
Depth (m)
emperature
(0c)
EC (ms)
TDS (mg/l)
Salinity (mg/l)
106
38.2
0.78
472
0.6
108
38.1
0.79
474
0.6
110
38.4
0.78
470
0.6
112
40.2
0.76
465
0.6
114
41.3
0.76
455
0.6
116
41.1
0.76
459
0.6
117
41.9
0.77
463
0.6
120
41.5
0.79
450
0.6
122
39.0
0.81
489
0.6
126
38.5
0.82
493
0.6
128
39.5
0.85
496
0.6
130
38.7
0.86
519
0.6
132
38.2
0.86
510
0.6
133
36.5
0.87
524
0.6
134
37.2
0.83
502
0.6
135
36.4
0.83
498
0.6
136
37.1
0.88
531
0.6
L
138
37.0
0.89
537
0.6
140
38.2
0.82
492
0.6
142
38.1
0.90
540
0.6
144
38.9
0.89
534
0.6
146
38.3
0.88
531
0.6
148
38.6
0.88
530
0.6
150
37.8
0.89
534
0.6
152
38.9
0.91
546
0.6
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
153(UJ) qidaj
Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Electrical Conductivity during
drilling
Eqpc/cm)
Temperture during drilling
Temperature (’c)
Figure 2.16: Electrical Conductivity and Temperature
2.5.53 Geophysical Logging
Right after the completion of the drilling operation, geophysical logging were conducted which aid  also  in  arrangement of the casing  The logging methods were short normal, long normal resistivity, Caliper, Temperature, Natural gamma. Neutron and Conductivity
146
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
154Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Table 2. 47: Geophysical Logging data
Depth
M
Caliper_         Temperat
Natural $
>NR[Ohm.
LNR[Ohm.
Neutron
Conduct!
10.008
394.23
37.3972
12.8678
-99999
-99999
34.2674
2348.29
11.008
391.912
37.4776
19.8868
56.9057
167.915
34.4541
2346.72
12.008 I
391.001 [
37.4531
13.6292
51.8122
148.623
32.8458
2349.23
13.008
391.941
37.481
24.4209
44.1759
127.771
41.7049
2349.48
14.008
399.032
37.6147
19.5987
38.7652
107.729
50.6542
2345.63
15.008
396.34 |
37.6004
31.6154
31.5969
93.4958
36.9852
2347.73
16.008 1
401.223
37.6654
30.1927
27.195
64.0264
28.8712
2346.89
17.008
408.475 i
37.7234
19.3343
15.2296
40.9483
59.4506
2345.6
18.0081
405.857 1
37.8079
21.3977
15.1316
35.6017
51.5611
2343.44
19.008
408.619 1
37.9066
28.5604
11.6208
27.0627
57.3993
2344.31
20.008
408.533
37.8991
18.9151
12.1343
24.4257
31.0037
2345.45
21.008
419.042
37.905
26.0992
9.96016
22.1209
39.3313
2345.84
22.008
422.643
37.9656
20.7911
9.38132
27.0627
36.0278
2344.07
23.008
416.645
37.9754
30.1816
12.7818
16.8375
38.0805
2346.69
24.008
411.521
37.9711
35.2468
12.2392
18.1637
35.1308
2349.41
25.008
389.855
37.9844
25.5459
10.1579
22.7001
38.9271
2349.74
26.008
399.615
38.0147
27.2679
8.79521
14.0176
62.381
2348.93
27.008
387.118
38.0173
26.7391
6.65946
13.2058
33.0699
2349.6
28.008
398.242
38.0348
31.4835
6.47618
13.5397
31.8102
2349.67
29.00$
379.61$
38.032*
14.8543
7.12761
13.6117
41.0173
2352.24
30.00$
J         381.54;
1 1       38.074'
7    13.0877
8.56295
i        13.9235
38.5019
2351.28
31.001
3         389.26'
7             38.08-
a 13.1751
9.9583'
*       14.2206
37.2231
2352.6
t
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2$f4'
155
It
XWater Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth
M
Caliper_
Temperat
Natural
SNR[Ohm.
LNR[Ohm.
Neutron
Conducti
32.008
392.264
38.1009
20.68
10.8293
14.8294
39.9678
2352.78
33.008
381.63
38.1353
21.4524
12.1068
15.0324
41.7793
2352.28
34.008
406.73
38.1669
24.6758
9.86761
14.8294
35.3851
2353.65
35.008
372.888
38.1932
23.858
10.2541
15.3589
44.706
2355.08
36.008
379.471
38.2224
15.1853
13.014
18.5914
37.0939
2354.69
37.008
382.339
38.2293
18.2085
19.3376
23.4567
35.3889
2355.35
38.008
382.73
38.235
18.9921
21.0849
24.977
31.1525
2355.49
39.008
389.884
38.2237
15 6481
17.6211
23.5416
22.0652
2364.88
40.008
384.435
38.2263
11.8191
14.5691
21.8811
34.2258
2377.51
41.008
388.237
38.268
7.73479
13.8759
20.1634
36.0542
2376.69
42.008
368.981
38.285
9.78809
13.337
19.7003
33.9829
2382.54
43.008
387.35
38.3026
10.8259
12.8653
19.5896
38.539
2380.32
44.008
368.515
38.3296
10.2853
13.3679
20.1062
31.635
2377.63
45.008
380.685
38.3292
6.74278
14.1699
20.5656
43.8112
2378.35
46.008
376.328
38.3737
9.79925
15.0591
20.8258
25.6849
2362.72
47.008
384.022
38.3875
14.1254
15.8193
21.6357
33.2484
2389.34
48.008
394.579
38.4134
11.6741
15.059
23.2815
42.473
2388.69
49.008
388.973
38.4152
8.13396
16.7084
23.3884
32.9079
2389.46
50.008
389.208
38.4425
7.54872
20.8472
25.7887
37 7782
2389.23
51.008
355.541
38.4822
12.9896
21.065
27.4326
26.8939
2387.87
52.008
384.996
38.5222
16.3102
19.4501
27.2444
30.3279
2387.05
53.008
387.295
38.5316
9.98767
18.1945
26.6005
41.8579
2387.29
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth
M
Caliper_
Temperat
Natural
SNR[Ohm.
LNR[Ohm.
Neutron
Conducti
54.008
388.62
38.5488
13.0975
18.5392
26.7112
30.31
2383.22
55.008
395.198
38.5676
14.3461
19.3176
27.761
23.0124
2382.63
56.008
394.875
38.5837
13.6393
22.277
29.6594
25.9199
2383.29
57.008
394.434
38.5961
8.14393
25.4142
33.6241
22.682
2383.5
58.008
387.206
38.6034
11.5538
32.1057
38.3138
23.595
2383.74
59.008
386.205
38.6088
13.2103
38.2455
41.4149
18.6846
2384.3
60.008
386.883
38.6187
10.0881
31.3419
40.2896
17.0681
2384.83
61.008
388.031
38.6275
11.41
32.5412
37.0076
22.3071
2385.25
62.008
392.294
38.6317
11.6876
26.9837
35.4211
28.6726
2385.99
63.008
389.62
38.6493
12.625
25.3271
32.781
25.6693
2387.36
64.008
390.531
38.7105
16.3549
25.0912
31.4933
24.8938
2385.49
65.008
385.35
38.7534
13.153
24.1569
27.5064
29.2203
2383.77
66.008
389.09
38.7874
7.55049
15.8611
25.7887
21.3278
2382.73
67.008
388.237
38.7948
14.1046
14.2606
24.4604
31.8866
2382.75
68.008
398.913
38.7978
14.2677
14.609
23.2446
27.9415
2383.83
69.008
387.884
38.7986
18.6691
13.7507
22.9475
34.4075
2384.75
70.008
385.999
38.7955
27.304
13.1156
23.0932
28.2661
2385.71
71.008
387.531
38.8182
22.0597
14.9102
22.5416
41.7447
2386.54
72.008
382.838
38.8345
33.6357
18.5374
22.9272
29.1379
2402.33
73.008
379.975
38.8503     36.8264
19.3031
26.6356
22.0416
2403.57
74.008
378.346
38.866     31.7837
21.6038
27.4123
22.3567
2403.43
75.00S
374.107
38.8864     24.1357
22.1573
23.931
24.9127
2414.14
Final Report Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
157Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth
M
Caliper_
Temperat
Natural
SNR[Ohm.
LNR[Ohm.
Neutron
Conducti
76.008
390.678
38.8994
34.7937
13.6855
23.3184
25.8704
2415.24
77.008
395.225
38.9125
36.385
15.4001
22.5416
24.9972
2414.94
78.008
376.628
38.9251
31.6382
18.7624
23.1301
24.5218
2414.67
79.008
376.065
38.9453
31.1184
17.2782
21.0859
30.6202
2415.32
80.008
391.88
38.9677
35.555
11.2666
20.8092
29.8656
2415.42
81.008
378.643
38.9889
26.6034
12.7527
18.3903
32.1644
2416.02
82.008
387.148
39.012
24.39
12.0795
21.156
26.8551
2416.85
83.008
378.406
39.0516
37.9524
19.1924
20.6209
22.4743
2416.34
84.008
386.146
39.103
31.8701
17.4542
22.49
34.4161
2414.91
85.008
386.794
39.1529
37.6421
15.8429
21.0103
26.0773
2414.75
86 008
381.807
39.192
23.2656
14.7687
20.6062
29.1342
2413.96
87.008
382.281
39.2425
31.7693
13.7707
19.7003
27.7963
2412.62
88.008
392.587
39 2905
23.7374
13.3389
19.9254
31.7664
2411.87
89.008
394.817
39.3522
35.1567
13.6618
19.7003
34.1177
2410.1
90.008
398.533
39.3615
33.3255
12.3554
19.9033
24.6254
2409.51
91.008
393.761
39.3731
32.497
13.8614
18.8885
27.2509
2410.35
92.008
388.973
39.3854
39.638
13.8614
21.418
29.4076
2410.47
93.008
382.93
39.397
22.4356
17.5158
23.7186
27.0007
2410.01
94.008
383.639
39.4225
26.7842
22.7905
24.143
27.0467
2410.91
95.008
391.559
39.4549
31.9692
18.9602
25.0858
26.6006
2445.08
96.008
383.401
39.4643
20.382
20.341
24.1136
26.5467
2445.97
97.008
380.271
39.478
26.8593
17.3871
26.1024
29.5148
2446.28
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth
M
Caliper_
Temperat
Natural
SNR[Ohm.
LNR[Ohm.
Neutron
98.008
381.926
39.4944
22.5571
23.0517
24.6799
26.0944
Conducti
2447.38
99.008
387.03
39.5093
28.7482
18.3669 I
24.977
32.5518
2447.74
100.008
386.883
39.5367
29.5991
19.8783
27.3551
32.2764
2447.86
101.008
376.717
39.5975
27.4111
30.8936
31.58
20.227
2475.04
102.008
375.086
39.6282
23.934
29.9594
30.5765
30.4545
2474.19
103.008
379.413
39.6572
25.5272
16.7594
23.5563
33.8987
2472.94
104.008
400.97
39.6788
19.456
12.1721
21.418
44.3058
2473.74
105.008
389.59
39.6919
31.3071
15.1479
22.1357
28.2209
2475.03
106.008
395.167
39.7107
25.9686
18.8095
25.5986
35.6054
2473.34
107.008
376.688
39.7324
15.7359
21.5278
26.3182
30.9113
2471.58
108.008
385.055
39.7476
43.2046
19.626
32.9746
25.4929
2471.46
109.008
379.087
39.7579
46.5523
35.4671
44.9917
26.0902
2463.54
110.008
379.294
39 7716
36.4904
60.1466
87.4983
21.268
2462.09
111.008
379.324
39.7875
23.6926
85.6641
139.668
19.1929
2460.91
112.008
382.281
39.8015
20.8794
109.743
194.735
19.9268
2457.64
113.008
380.093
39.8192
33.1176
116.588
224.985
21.1652
2454.58
114.008
377.132
39.8291
23.8814
116.574
216.2
21.837
2452.14
115.008
365.563
39.8437
22.4675
100.245
153.274
17.6696
2472.57
116.008
373.424
39.8583
22.7538
51.0736
40.4209
21.7302
2483.18
117.008
379.649
39.861
46.5584
14.1736
24.2852
35.6646
2485.66
118.008
384.524
39.8656
25.1255
15.302
21.5269
29.1697
2492.59
119.008
384.495
39.875
1.25872
19.9981
26.5064
18.9411
2494.24
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth
M
Caliper_
Temperat
Natural
SNR[Ohm.
LNR[Ohm.
Neutron
Conducti
120.008
386.323
39.8901
6.26949
20.9816
22.6929
21.5554
2493.79
121.008
387.442
39.9019
15.0738
11.704
21.3811
24.5519
2497.85
122.008
388.412
39.9113
4.50198
12.1395
20.2003
25.6306
2497.24
123.008
387.265
39.9242
7.72726
11.8673
19.7003
33.2797
2496.56
124.008
385.704
39.9393
7.50167
9.34689
19.2722
28.5513
2495.43
125.008
380.655
39.9479
23.5144
9.22882
18.2796
34.5946
2479.51
126.008
372.711
39.9602
26.0687
20.9598
15.6616
25.4656
2478.32
127.008
388.089
39.9817
27.9648
9.0421
19.0342
22.4693
2477.39
128.008
387.707
40.0039
32.4104
7.39979
20.3092
32.535
2476.26
129.008
384.436
40.0148
19.9718
14.8085
18.3903
29.6183
2475.52
130.008
385.173
40.0251
11.2811
17.8915
23.2962
23.7912
2475.09
131.008
386.941
40.0488
10.5288
17.837
25.8829
28.6347
2474.07
132.008
385.527
40.0658
8.81709
18.561
25.7684
21.763
2472.71
133.008
385.026
40.0797
12.5691
18.3995
25.0692
29.3291
2471.4
134.008
385.498
40.0872
10.7133
19.4664
25.7741
22.0723
2470.87
135.008
388.796
40.0903
9.31251
20.8491
26.0508
21.2724
2470.14
136.008
386.146
40.0971
6 19113
16.1895
26.654
23.5607
2469.34
137.008
385.615
40.1004
13.3078
17.9204
23.8534
26.8048
2468.3
138.008
384.111
40.1035
32.4442
17.6538
23.405
23.6961
2467.66
139.008
384.849
40.1079
9.19089
19.4791
26.68
24.8861
2466.65
140.008
385.409
40.1109
9.44776
20.8709
27.1152
23.1868
2465.77
141.008
385.232
40.1113
14.5668
20.7365
24.2962
26.7986
2464.93
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth
M
Caliper_
Temperat
Natural
SNRfOhm.
LNR[Ohm.
Neutron
Conduct!
142.008
386.117
40.1102
47.583
15.4056
21.787
24.0135
2464.14
143.008
386.794
40.1128
50.9274
12.1231
22.9475
23.9923
2463.74
144.008
396.428
40.1387
32.6739
13.8596
23.1504
32.4116
2462.26
145.008
388.296
40.1544
30.4264
17.5775
23.5914
17.9479
2460.27
146.008
-99999
40.1347
29.1988
17.055
23.4475
21.9423
2463.16
147.008
-99999
40.1033
33.4713
12.5786
24.2168
20.8638
2466.9
148.008
-99999
40.0779
20.9674
11.6803
26.7685
47.4222
2467.85
149.008
-99999
-99999
38.3382
16.6558
-99999
-99999
-99999
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Figure 2. 17: Geophysical log, Lithology and well construction
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
162Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
2.5.6   Casing and Observation Pipe installation and Gravel Packing
Casing  arrangement is done after considering  geophysical logging,  formation  samples (drill cutting), penetration rate in order to identify the water bearing formations and arrange the screen and  blind  production  casings so  as to set the screen casings against the aquifer portion of the well. Since the proper positioning of the screen and blind casings ensure the free passage of the groundwater flow from the aquifer to  the well and  thereby  maximize the amount of water withdrawn from the well, special care was given to the appropriate placing of the screens. 
Then  after,  well is cleaned  to make ready for installation of production casing. Installations of 10” PVC production  casing  with  screen  setting  pursuant to  the water bearing  formation  were
performed
2.5.7  . Casing Installation
Table 2. 48: Casing Arrangement
Well  depth  interval from the surface
Casing material (steel,
PVC)
Diameter (OD),
inch
Wall thickness, inch
Connection
of casings'
Casing Length
Screen opening length,
m
Screen opening width,
m
% of
screen opening
Remark
from
to
Blind
Screen
0
6
steel
17
8
welding
7
Surface
casimg
0+0.5
69.00
PVC
10"
69.5
69.00
80.50
10"
11.5
80.50
86.25
10"
5.75
86.25
97.75
10"
115
97.75
109.25
10"
11.5
109.25
120.75
10"
115
120.75
132.25
10"
11.5
132.25
143.75
10°
115
143.75
149.50
10”
5.75
149.5
150.1
10"
0.6
Qohnson, Perforated, Slotted, specify if any other)
* Connection types: 1) Welded, 2) Coupling, 3) Spigot and ball 4) any other please specify.
2.5.8   . Gravel packing
After the completion of casing installation the annular space between the wall of the well and the casing packed with 6.5m3gravel. The gravel is clean, well rounded grains of uniform size which ranges between 4-6mm and they are free from soluble materials.
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
163Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
2.5. 9 Well Development
To remove the mud cake or drilling fluid film that coats the borehole and to increase the natural porosity and permeability of the formation in the vicinity of the borehole, well development is carried out. The well developed by air compressor, for 16 hours until the water become clean and silt/sand free.
2.5.10 Pumping Test
2.5.10.1 Preliminary Pumping Test
The preliminary pumping test is conducted for 2 hrs the yield of the well is 61/s and the maximum drawdown is 35.87m.
Tabic 2. 49: Preliminary Pumping Test Data
Pump Type:Deep well submersible pumpH =m Q =61/s
Pump   position.   _127.5__   m   Method   of   Measurement:V-notchIf   V-notch,   Type   Static water level (SWL):45.66m. If Artesian Piezometric head above the surface of the earth:
m
Date
Time
since
pumping
started,
min
Water
Level(m)
Draw
Down(m)
Q(cm)
EC,
|iS/cm
Tern Oc
TDS
Salinity
0
45.66
1
50.20
2
66.79
3
68 12
4
69.28
5
70.42
6
71 49
7
72.39
8
73.33
Time
since
Water
Draw
Q(cm)
EC,
Tem Oc
TDS
Salinity
..
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
164Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
1 Date F
lumping L started,
min
.evel(m)
Down(m)
liS/cm
9
73.64
10
74 04
12
74.98
14
75 52
16
75.94
18
76.34
20
76.58
25
77.16
30
77.54
35
77 92
40
78.26
45
78.51
50
78.78
55
79.02
60
79.29
70
79.68
80
80.13
90
80.54
100
80 85
110
81 18
120
81.53
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
165Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
2.5.11 Constant and Recovery Pumping Test
A constant pumping test for continuous 48 hours was conducted with Q= 6/s; immediately after the completion  of the constant rate test,  recovery  water level monitoring  were proceed  for 36 hours. The recovery attains 46.6 percent within 2hr; the pump position for this well is set to
127.5 meters.
2.5.11.1 Constant Pumping Test
Table 2. 50: Constant Pumping Test Data
Constant Test Start Date: 23-07-13(d/m/y)                   Constant Test End Date: 24-07-13 Constant Test Duration:.48hours Pump type: submercible
SWL: 45.19 and stick out lm              Pump position: 127.5m Q:6------------------------------ If Artesian Piezometric head above the surface of the earth:
Date
Time
since
pumping
started,
min
Water
Level(m)
Draw
Down(m)
Q(cm)
EC,
pS/cm
Tern Oc
TDS
salinity
0
45.19
0.00
1
55.78
10.59
2
58.33
13.14
3
60.89
15.70
12.5
4
63.50
18.31
5
66.20
21.01
6
68.59
23.40
7
70.26
25.07
8
72.50
27.31
Final Report Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
166Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
167Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Date
Time
since pumping
started,
min
Water
Level(m)
Draw
Down(m)
Q(cm)
EC.
pS/cm
TDS
salinity
Tern
Oc
210
87 65
42.46
10.3
240
8980
44.61
1510
41.8
1 06
0.73
270
92.70
47.51
1515
41.9
1.05
0.72
300
94.55
49.36
1482
42.0
1.05
0.73
330
96.28
51.09
1460
41.7
1.05
0.73
360
96.89
51.70
1495
41.5
1.05
0.73
420
97.65
5246
1493
41 8
1 05
0.73
480
99.40
54.21
1485
41.7
1.05
0.72
540
100 16
54.97
10.3
1480
41.6
1.03
0.72
600
100.86
55.67
1482
41.5
1.04
0.72
660
101 40
56.21
10
1468
41.4
1.03
071
720
102.18
56.99
1480
41.5
1.04
0.72
780
102.59
57.40
1380
41.7
1.03
071
840
103 00
57.81
98
1475
41.4
1.04
0.72
900
103.36
58.17
1472
41.2
1.04
0.71
960
104.20
59.01
1479
41.7
1.04
0.72
1020
104 92
59.73
1465
41.8
1.04
0.72
1080
105.69
60.50
1484
41.7
1.04
072
1140
106 44
61.25
1477
41.9
1.04
0.72
1200
107 48
62.29
1484
41.5
1 04
0.72
1260
108.01
62.82
1477
41.7
1 04
0.72
1320
108.50
63.31
1470
41.6
1.03
0.72
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
168Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Time
since
Date | lumping
started,
min
Water
_evel(m)
EC.
pS/cm
TDS
salinity
Draw
Down(m) Q(cm)
Tem
Oc
1380
109.78        64.59       9.5
1464
42
1.03
0.72
1440
110 60 1     65.41
1475
42
1.04
0.71
1500
111.09        65.90
1470
42.2
1.04
0.71
1560
111.61         6642
1480
42
1.04
0.72
1620
112.15        66.96
1482
42
1.04
0.72
1680
112.66        67 47
1490
42
1.04
0.72
1740
113.15        67.96
1480
42.2
1.03
0.71
1800
113.65        68.46       9.5
1463
42.2
1 03
0.71
1860
114.00        68.81
1484
42
1 04
0.72
1920
114.15        68.96
1472
42.2
1.03
0.71
1980
114.30        69.11
1468
41.9
1.03
071
2040
114 50        69.31
1475
41.6
1.04
0.72
2100
114.74        69.55
1490
41.8
1.05
0.72
2160
114.90         6971
1471
41.9
1.03
0.71
2220
115.03        69.84
1475
41.7
1 04
0.71
2280
115.14        69.95       9.5
1475
41.8
1.04
071
2340
115.24        70.05       9.5
1475
41.9
1.03
0.71
2400
115 38        70.19
1445
41 9
1 04
0 71
2460
115.67         7048
1475
42
1.04
0.71
2520
115 95        70.76
1475
41 8
1.04
0.71
2580
116.36        71.17
1478
41.8
1 04
0.71
|     2640
116.88        71.69
1482
41 8
1.02
0.72
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
169Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Date
Time
since
pumping
started,
min
Water
Level(m)
Draw
Down(m)
EC.
pS/cm
TDS
salinity
Q(cm)
Tem
Oc
2700
117.29
72.10
1476
41.8
1.04
0.71
2760
11760
72.41
1478
41.8
1.04
0.72
2820
117.91
72.72
1484
41.8
1.03
0.72
2880
118.10
72.91
1472
42.1
1.05
0.72
2340
115.24
7005
9.5
1475
41.9
1.03
0 71
2400
115.38
70.19
1445
41.9
1.04
0.71
2460
115.67
70.48
1475
42
1.04
071
2520
115.95
7076
1475
41.8
1 04
071
2580
116.36
71.17
1478
41.8
1.04
071
2640
116.88
71.69
1482
41.8
1.02
0.72
2700
117.29
72.10
1476
41.8
1.04
071
2760
117.60
72.41
1478
41.8
1.04
0.72
2820
117.91
72.72
1484
41.8
1.03
0.72
2880
118 10
72.91
9.5
1472
42.1
1.05
0.72
2.5.11.2   Recovery Pumping Test Table 2. 51: Recovery Pumping Test Data
Recovery Start Date: 23-07-13 (d/m/y)
Recovery End Date: 25-07-13
Constant              Test              Duration:48hours              Pump SWL:           45.19m             Pump position:127.7m Q:61/s
type:submebile
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
170Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
*
*
Date
■
Time since Recovery 
started, min
Comment
Water
Level(m)
Residual Draw
Down(m)
0
118.10
72.91
*
1
113.50
68.31
V
V
2
111.15
65.96
3
107 00
61.81
4
103.35
58.16
5
100.94
55.75
6
98.80
53.61
7
97.21
52.02
8
95.85
50 66
9
94.80
49.61
10
9371
48.52
12
92.09
46.90
14
90 79
45.60
16
89.96
44.77
18
89.12
43.93
20
8847
43.28
25
87 35
42.16
30
86.64
41.45
35
86.17
4098
40
85.84
40.65
45
85.57
40.38
50
85.36
40 17
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
171Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
T
Date
ime since Recovery 
started,
min
Water Residual Draw
Level(m)              Down(m)
Comment
60
8507                     39.88
70
84 85                    39.66
80
84.60                   39.41
100
84.36                   39.17
120
84.15                    3896
140
8389                    38.70
160
83.50                   38.31
180
83.29                   38.10
210
83.85                   38.66
240
82.55                   37.36
|
270
82.30                   37 11
300
81.99                   36.80
330
81.65                   36.46
360
81.32                   36.13
420
80.95                   35.76
480
80 27                   35.08
540
79 82                    3463
600
79.40                   34.21
660
79.00                   33.81
720
78.55                   33 36
780
78 10                   32.91
840
77.70
32.51
I
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
172Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I I I I I
I
Date
Time since
Recovery 
started,
min
Water
Level(m)
Residual Draw
Down(m)
Comment
900
77.25
32.06
960
76.84
31.65
1020
76.30
31.11
1080
75.90
30.71
1140
75.38
30.19
1200
74.88
29.69
1260
74 45
29.26
1320
73.89
28.70
1380
73.35
28 16
1440
72.85
27.66
1500
72.30
27.11
1560
71.70
26.51
1620
71.08
25.89
1680
70.35
25.16
1740
69.60
24.41
1800
68.85
23.66
1860
68.00
22.81
1920
67.26
22.07
1980
66.45
21.26
2040
65.70
20.51
2100
64.89
19.70
2160
64.10
18.91
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
173Wlu)
Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
1. Constant Method Analysis after COOPER & JACOB (By Version Z5)
--------1—1 1 1 IT7T
—i—i—iiii—i- 1.1 llll
--------1—1 1 1 1 ITT i     i i i i 111
-------- 1—1 1 1 1 1 IT j111I1M
-------- 1—1 1 1 1 Hl -------- 1--- -1 1 HU
1    1 1 1 1 1 ll
-------  ---  —  —  — 1   1 1 1 1 1 II
1      1   11 i 1i iirF
M
--------1—1 1 1 1 ITT > ><11111
<r
i i i i 11ii          1    1 1 1 1 1 II
1   1 1 1 1 l 11       1    1 1 1 1 1 II
1 1 1 1 1 1 II i i i 1111 I 1 4 444
i i i i i i i i        i ^T-^l
ir”ii i 11 itt
I| | | | 144-
1 1 1 1 1 1 11 -------- 1--- 1 1 1 UH-
--------—llll ITT
1   i   ii i ii i i i1ii1
--------1—i rmzz
i     i i i 1111
•’T.,                      1 1 IT
-------  — — — —  t 1   1 1 1 1 1II
1 1 1 1 1 1 11 -------- 1—1 1 1 1 H1
i i i 111 ii
----------
— I 1 Tl 1 FIT 11111111
1—i—1 1 1 1
-------- 1—1 1 1 1 1TT i     i i i i 111
1
1 I I iir”F i i i i 1111
1    1 1 111II
1    1 1 1 1 1 ll
— 1    1 1 1 1 I'lT 1 11111
--------1—1 1 1 1 ITT iiiii<i
i  i  i  i  111  r i i i i 1111
1   1 i i i i iT
I |1111H
1    1 1 1 11II
1 I 1 1 1 ll
iiiiiiii
1    1 1 1 1 1 II
Transmiss/vty pn*/d): 540x10° Hydrauflc conductivity (m/d): 1.00 x 101
Storatlvlty: 2.99 x 10J
2. Constant Method Analysis by Thesis dimensionless method
Theis analysis method - Confined aquifer
TransmhsivRy [hV/d]: 1.03X101
Hydraulic conductivity [m/d]: 2.07 x 101
4
Storatlvlty: 147 x IO '
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
174Water Works Design and Supervision Enterpnse
3. Recovery Method Analysis after THEIS & JACOB (by Version 2.5)
1OJ
10*
------- 1—i i i i ri r
i    i i j i 111
i i i i i 111
u-
12.00
15.00
16.00
21.00
24.00
27.00
30.00
------- 1—i i rr ri r
r.-------- 1---------1- 1 ■ 1 H' \11111111
—i—i i i r itt
-----V—|-----1---1—1—i 1 \l 1---------- 1 1 1 1 1 1
\ i i ri ut
------- 1—i  i  i  i  nr |     | | | | | i-L
--------1—I l l I 111 --------1-- 1—1—1—u
■
---------- 1---- Illi FIT
i        i i i 11
i    i   i i i 11 r i             i i i i i11
i i i i i 111
i i i i i 111
i 1         r 1 i 111 ---------- 1—.      i n m
1     1 I i 1 I 11
----------t-W—»-1—1—♦ I 4 1\1111111
4-
---------- 1—i     i i m r i      i i i i 111
——r  ~i  i  i  i  11  r |   | || | | |4-
i i i i i 111
iiiiiiii
—r\. r rr 111
---------- 1-------1—n    ITTT 1111111
iiiiiiir 1   ||| 4 444
iiiiiii
I       i i I i l 11
i       i i i i 111
1     1   11M11 ______ 1---- 1—1  I* -1 1 ■
1      I111111
•     1      I11I111
I       1111111 ---------- 1—J—1 1 1 H 1
iiiii \i ri it
1      1 \l 1 1 1 1
r**T t TiTPrr
1 L i jjjj
1 1 1 11
• •••►•               Fl 1 1    1 Illi
1    1 1 1 1 1 11 1---------------;—I I U M
1     1   1 \l 111                  1 1 1 1 1 111
iiiiiiii
I       1   11I111
TransmtssIvlTy
2.65 x 10*
HydrmJtc conductivity [nvd]: 5.31 x 10^
Figure 2. 18: Pumping test analysis
2.5.12   Water Quality
After collection of water sample from the well while conducting the pumping test it was labeled, the label was comprised stated date, time and the depth from which the sample was taken and handed over for laboratory chemical quality analysis. In most cases the known standards have a direct relationship with geology
In general, the chemical quality of the well water is fit to Ethiopian standard for household uses and WHO Check the result of the laboratory analysis and summary of the interpretation of the chemical analysis as follows -
The chemical analysis result of the water sample collected during pumping test shows that the water of the well is chemically HC03- SO4 type
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musiey fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
175Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Table of Chemical Analysis Results of Water Samples
Table 2. 52: Chemical Analysis Results Data
Source of sample
_
___________
Well
Well
Well
WHO max-
min (mg/1)
Location
Dallol
Dallol
Dallol
Date of collection
21/07/2013
22/07/2013
23/07/2013
Date received
1/8/2013
1/8/2013
1/8/2013
Clients ID. NO.
DTW-05 at the
bigning of the
constant test
DTW-05 at
the middle of
the constant
test
DTW-05 at
the end of
constant test
Lab.ID No.
268/2006
269/2006
270/2006
—
Turbidity (NTU)
nill
Nill
Nill
5
Total Solids 1050c(mg/l)
962
922
912
-
T. Dissolved Solid 1050c
960
920
910
1000
Electrical
Conductivity(mS/cm)
1396
1394
—
1517
PH
6.67
6.8
6.84
6.5-8.5
Ammonia(mg/1 NH3)
0.93
0.48
0.46
—
Sodium(mg/1 Na)
86
104
154
200
Potassium(mg/1 k)
12.1
21.5
23.5
—
Total Hardness (mg/1 CaCo3)
672
440
400
500
Calcium(mg/1 Ca)
217.6
168
144
200
Magnesium(mg/1 Mg)
30.72
4.8
9.6
150
Total Iron(mg/1 Fe)
0.09
0.02
0.02
0.3
Manganese(mg/1 Mn)
nill
Nill
Nill
0.1
Flouride(mg/1 F)
0.74
0.64
0.63
1.5
Chloride(mg/1 Cl)
41.8
38.17
65.43
250
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
176Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Source of sample
Well
Well
Wen
WHO max 
min (mg/1)
Nitnte(mg/1 No2)
0.05
Nill
Nill
—
Nitrare(mg/1 No3)
3.52
4.41
5.15
45
Alkalinityfmg/1 CaCo3)
512
400
352
—
CarbcnaLe(mg/l CO3)
Nill
Nill
Nill
—
Bicartxmate(mg/1 HCO3)
624.64
488
429.44
—
Suiphatei.mg/1 SCM)
235.35
288.52
283.53
400
Phosphate(mg/1 PCM)
0.13
0.09
0.09
—
Boron (mg/1 B)
0.8
0.53
0.73
0.3
Fecal Coliform per 100 ml
-
-
-
—
DTW-05 At the begining
DTW -05 At the Middle
Eb Lb
■*
□ ci
L^gttd
□«
□-
■*
I j HCO3
□ <=•
iwql
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
177Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Piper Plot of all sample during pumping test
DTW -05 Al the End
Figure 2. 19: Pie and Piper diagram of laboratory result
2.5.13  Cementing and Grouting
Grouting was done both between the wall of the borehole and the surface casing and in between the surface casing and production The cement grout provide a seal which is readily placed and develop the strength to contain load, hold casing firmly in position and the most important thing is to prevent the seepage of surface water in to the well.
The grouting  between  the surface casing  and  wall of the borehole is done just after the installation of six maters steel surface casing The grouting between the production casing and the conductor casing is done after the gravel packing and development which is six meter below the surface and half a meter above the surface
2.5.14  Well Head Construction
The final part of the well construction is the well head. Well head was done according to the specified Design as it out line in the contract agreement in actual fact to protect the stick up above ground  from breakage and  movement during  pump  installation  including  capping  of rectangle is constructed. But most importantly to avoid the rescue of pollution and for sanitary purpose with special care is taken for the mixing ratio and quality of sand, water, cement and aggregate used for the construction of the well head with 1 m x 1 m x 0 5m dimension
2.5.15  Borehole camera inspection
Borehole camera inspection is done to have visual record of the well for the future rehabilitation and pump installation problem. This borehole camera is designed also to have a partial side view
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
178Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
The borehole camera inspection  was performed  by  downward  looking  accompanied  by  an appropriate light source. The recorded data of the inspected wells is submitted on with DVD tape by the contractor with this report.
2.5.16   Well Capping
After the completion of well head construction, we sealed and capped the well with 6mm thick steel plate of the same diameter as the conductor casing  was welded  as security  measure to assure that no foreign object fall into the well before the well starts giving the intended service. On the middle of well cap half inch threaded opening is prepared to send in the dip mater for checking the water table anytime. The treaded opening is closed with threaded half inch cap.
2.5.17   Conclusion and Recommendation
After diligent examination of the drilling cutting and result of constant test, the main aquifer in the area is coarser sand and gravel. The whole construction works i.e. the drilling, developing installation of casing and sanitary protections had been performed.
The  screen  production  casings  are  set  to  be  against  aquifer  portion  of  the  well.  This  was confirmed from examination of the drill cuttings and electrical logging.
According to the agreement, the proposed total drilling target depth is 250m the intended to drill with in ±20% was 300m; however, the well is drilled up to a depth of 152m. Again from careful examination  of casing  arrangement and  total draw down  observed  in  the well and  aquifer position we recommended to set the pump position to be around at the depth of 130m.
As the laboratory chemical analysis show the water is good except the sample analysis result which is taken at the binging shows hardness and so it is recommended to identify why the hardness is not seen in the other samples.
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
179Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
2.6   DTW-06-13
2.6.1  Salient Feature
2.6.1.1  Location
The well is specifically  located  in  zone two  Dallol Wereda Cimblali kebella Barkati village geographically near the foot of escarpment with the geographic coordinates of (Adindan). UTM zone: - 1564435N, 0631676E and Elevation +25m a.s.l
2.6.1.2    Drilling History
Drilling  operations was earned  out from 22th  Jun,  2013  to  25th  Jun,  2013  using  mud  rotary system with  drilling  fluid  water and  bentonite.  The total penetration  depth  reached  is 160m below ground level of which the first 6m was drilled 20” rock bit and installed with 17" surface casing. Drilling down the well is continued with 14 %” up to 160m and 10" blind & screen PVC casing  installed  respectively  according  to  the casing  arrangement up  to  145.6m,  145.6m up  to 
160m seal sand and clay for salinity aspects
2.6.2    General Information
Project: Dallol Groundwater Evaluation Project
Client: Ministry of Water and Energy. Date of Contract: 19   December 2012
Drilling Contractor: Ethiopotash has sub contract the whole work for RAJ mineral & Exploration Services FZE (Ethiopia Branch)
Drilling started: 22/06/13               Drilling Completed: 25/06/13 Type of work: Test Well (observation well, production well, rehabilitation,
Deepening existing well)
th
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180Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
2.6.3   Basic Well Characteristics Table 2. 53: Basic Well Characteristics
Well Index
DTW-06-13
Well depth, m
160
Static water level ,m
Pumping test Pump position, m
Pumping test discharge ,1/ s
Pumping test Pump power, Kw
Maximum drawdown, m
Dynamic Water level ,m
2
Transmissivity ,m /day
Hydraulic conductivity(m/d)
Safe Yield, 1/s
Well Type
Test
Main Aquifer
Gravel soft
2.6.4    Drilling method and Diameter Table 2. 54: Drilling method and diameter
Depth interval
Drilling
Drilling system
Surface casing used
0-6m
20"
Mud Rotary
17" steel casing
6-160m
14"
Mud Rotary
10" Screen & Blind PVC casing
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
181Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
2.6.5   Logging, EC and Temperature
2.6.5.1 Geological Logging
In the whole course of drilling, drill cuttings were collected at 2 meters fixed interval to describe both  the lithology  of formation  samples penetrated  by  the borehole and  the stratigraphical succession. Samples were described properly and water bearing zones were identified.
For the purpose of litho logical logging, formation samples that were collected and provided at every  two  linear meters interval were described  using  the aid  of hand  lens.  In  general the stratigraphic sequences encountered throughout the penetrated depth of the well are coarser sand, clay and gravel. The possible water bearing formations are gravel
Table 2. 55: Lithological Description
Depth               Lithology
0
6
holders with clay
6
18
coarser sand
18
34
Clay
34
64
coarser cutting diposite with different color with some gravel
64
96
moderately weatherd gravel (Soft) aquifer
96
98
clay with gravel
98
108
gravels with crushed holders aquifers
108
122
gravel aquifer
122
140
crushed holders with gravels
140
150
gravels with crushed holders with little clay aquifers
150
160
clay with some crushed holders
2.6.6  Electrical Conductivity & Temperature
During  drilling  electrical conductivity  (EC),  Total dissolved  substance (TDS),  Salinity  and temperatures of the water were measured. No any significant changes in conductivity, TDS and Salinity up to 160m during drilling time in the development EC, TDS, Salinity and Temperature a little rose.
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
182Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Table 2. 56: Electrical Conductivity & Temperature data during drilling
Depth (m)
Temperature
(0c)
EC (ms)
TDS (mg/l)
Salinity (mg/l)
62
41.2
0.84
506
0.6
64
41.7
0.84
509
0.6
66
41.9
0.83
504
0.6
70
40.1
0.881
526
0.6
74
40.2
0.873
512
0.6
78
39.5
0.883
536
0.6
82
39.9
0.889
537
0.6
86
41
0.912
592
0.6
118
41.5
1.01
609
0.7
122
41.2
1.00
601
0.7
124
42
1.02
616
0.7
126
42.1
1.03
619
0.7
128
42.2
1.05
632
0.7
130
42.9
1.04
628
0.7
132
40.7
1.03
614
0.7
134
42.5
1.024
613
0.7
136
40.5
1.039
620
0.7
138
40.3
1.036
619
0.7
140
37.8
1.039
622
0.7
142
38.6
1.062
628
0.7
144
39.6
1.063
631
0.7
146
38.4
1.059
627
0.7
148
38.5
1.094
651
0.7
150
40.7
1.093
649
0.7
152
40.3
1.089
629
0.7
154
40.3
1.119
643
0.7
156
41.1
1.12
648
0.7
158
41
1.129
655
0.7
160
40.9
1.143
659
0.7
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183Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Temperatur
Electrical
e During
conductivity
Drilling
During Drilling
Temperature
Figure 2. 20: Electrical Conductivity and Temperature
2.6.7   Geophysical Logging
Right after the completion of the drilling operation, geophysical logging were conducted which aid  also  in  arrangement of the casing.  The logging  methods were short normal,  long  normal resistivity, Caliper, Temperature, Natural gamma, Neutron and Conductivity
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
184Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Tabic 2. 57: Geophysical Logging data
Depth
M
Caliper_
Temperat
Natural
SNR[0hm.
LNR[Ohm.
Neutron
Conduct!
11.008
371.075
41.5457
32.0029
53.8408
180.486
65.6044
3169.52
12.008
378.584
41.5796
40.0585
46.7019
167.7
35.8004
3167.23
13.008
382.162
41.5959
20.5258
42.9281
162.049
33.8647
3166.91
14.008
389.414
41.6142
26.7059
41.7308
148.921
41.4012
3166.83
15.008
394.729
41.6222
29.1888
38.6283
136.466
35.9376
3166.24
16.008
403.697
41.6308
32.3338
35.0631
117.223
35.4143
3166
17.008
404.896
41.6376
36.8586
30.7358
109.238
47.7601
3165.69
18.008
390.502
41.6474
27.5887
29.3116
100.966
58.5203
3166.01
19.008
391.617
41.659
35.148
27.3611
92.095
45.3595
3166.57
20.008
391.529
41.6748
31.2303
25.7916
67.3882
39.7859
3167.15
21.008
380.182
41.6896
36.4167
22.0267
53.3874
37.9322
3167.6
22.008
382.074
41.7099
51.039
18.9874
43.3704
49.8394
3167.8
23.008
381.719
41.7321
41.7693
16.3473
39.0997
41.8484
3167.64
24.008
376.065
41.7578
39.3969
17.3271
35.8343
45.6688
3162.27
25.008
377.28
41.7881
46.9007
17.1094
35.3362
48.5652
3161.48
26.008
378.85
41.8183
47.2874
20.9108
34.5798
34.2235
3160.82
27.008
377.783
41.8528
27.8647
24.1767
37.8636
22.5585
3160.7
28.008
376.836
41.8994
49.0522
18.9783
38.6661
48.4737
3154.5
29.008
380.2/
41.9361
47.0115
18.1437
34.3492
37.1264
3153.38
30.008
381.33^
I           41.969;
38.623E
16.2294        30.6594
51.162]
3153.27
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth
M
Caliper
Temperat
Natural
SNR(0hm.
LNRfOhm.
31.008
384.582
41.9994
37.3548
12.9904
29.7185
Neutron Conducti 3152.64 3152.18
43.0178
32.008
377.517
42.0254
20.3604
13.5711
32.0615
66.7616
33.008
378.732
42.047
15.5048
26.1455
39.0812
27.8295
3151.94
34.008
381.069
42.0639
12.3594
36.3331
56.2006
21.0064
3151.94
35.008
385.084
42.0819
17.9877
36.7867
63.5238
27.6565
3152.15
36.008
384.259
42.0967
12.746
36.2243
61.8084
22.9469
3151.87
37.008
378.554
42.109
14.5668
36.3876
62.4724
21.5047
3152.13
38.008
383.786
42.1211
13.4077
36.7686
59.5671
31.119
3151.61
39.008
387.589
42.138
17.2161
32.5593
50.2422
25.4776
3153.27
40.008
380.951
42.1535
20.5259
22.707
33.8049
23.7288
3154.17
41.008
378.583
42.1745
12.5807
12.4643
28.8882
55.6929
3162.2
42.008
382.576
42.188
13.6839
14.1881
28.427
34.8013
3166.64
43.008
364.96
42.2032
11.9734
12.9814
28.9621
31.6132
3167.33
44.008
379.708
42.2226
13.3523
14.1699
32.4397
30.1941
3168.34
45.008
375.887
42.2472
11.5873
22.5801
32.5873
26.4938
3171.21
46.008
377.251
42.2714
19.0362
24.0407
36.0464
27.7551
3228.27
47.008
364.697
42.2955
18.2085
22.5528
36.729
27.9189
3229.86
48.008
381.63
42.3359
13.2428
22.571
34.6167
35.3981
3235.17
49.008
377.457
42.4004
14.1808
19.2686
37.0061
31.8323
3223.77
50.008
379.413
42.4344
11.2013
16.4743
36.0004
57.5501
3224.48
51.008
376.154
42.4636
20.5261
23.95
34.8196
26.1346
3224.75
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
186Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth
M
Caliper_
Temperat
Natural
SNR[Ohm.
LNR[Ohm.
Neutron
Conducti
52.008
374.965
42.4928
14.0153
24.1042
38.0297
39.3477
3225.58
53.008
371.16
42.5222
18.8153
24.9661
38.1404
28.5872
3226.15
54.008
360.448
42.5506
20.3602
22.2444
40.1973
27.8712
3227.26
55.008
375.797
42.5776
11.0351
23.8411
37.2548
29.7424
3228.66
56.008
377.428
42.6071
13.6293
21.6547
36.3416
31.9116
3233.98
57.008
377.962
42.6406
24.8847
21.4914
39.2842
31.6554
3234.83
58.008
378.85
42.6706
10.2629
23.5961
38.7584
27.9766
3235.77
59.008
376.568
42.6987
21.0772
24.7574
37.7622
30.3079
3237.04
60.008
376.182
42.7249
21.1881
23.5054
37.9098
30.1582
3239.3
61.008
350.837
42.757
12.9662
23.2877
39.5609
38.8395
3237.16
62.008
367.528
42.7862
13.2425
24.4399
38.0666
31.4837
3237.73
63.008
348.741
42.8169
16.7725
22.317
36.8308
57.8684
3238.48
64.008
369.406
42.8459
10.593
23.6868
32.9472
35.14
3241.21
65.008
376.865
42.8762
17.657
18.8695
30.355
52.5601
3240.36
66.008
378.05
42.9067
13.2984
14.3696
20.549
44.8278
3240.64
67.008
397.539
42.9396
13.8494
6.87539
18.418
65.6044
3240.61
68.008
388.59
42.9751
15.2294
5.67776
18.5841
42.5004
3241.27
69.008
393.702
43.0103
22.8429
5.77757
19.0176
34.1667
3241.91
70.008
397.246
43.0445
13.3542
5.96809
18.7408
63.5531
3241.7
71.008
395.989
43.0785
25.6583
6.11325
17.3664
37.4264
3241.87
72.008
398.417
43.1138
31.175
5.49631
18.1966
42.7236
3242.24
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth
M
Caliper_
Temperat
Natural
SNR[0hm.
LNR(Ohm.
Neutron
Conducti
73.008
398.271
43.1525
11.0908
5.92272
19.0084
42.3996
3242.89
74.008
397.977
43.1893
20.5262
6.19491
17.7722
41.5007
3245.41
75.008
392.881
43.226
19.2565
6.54875
16.776
38.4486
3245.97
76.008
393.497
43.2631
11.9728
7.45607
18.7594
38.2347
3246.89
77.008
393.409
43.2997
22.6214
6.86632
20.0047
39.1001
3247.16
78.008
393.262
43.3335
17.0512
7.45606
18.6486
54.6827
3247.26
79.008
393.145
43.3672
21.4098
8.05487
17.0066
40.1305
3247.49
80.008
394.67
43.4032
17.3815
6.21306
17.6708
41.4141
3247.82
81.008
393.761
43.4435
22.6775
6.38545
18.538
45.7919
3248.35
82.008
392.558
43.4833
27.4227
6.43078
16.3331
36.665
3249.1
83.008
392.529
43.5245
22.954
5.99531
16.4531
40.8312
3249.17
84.008
391.853
43.5664
11.587
5.88644
17.145
36.5629
3250.18
85.008
389.502
43.6048
10.1529
8.87141
17.1542
38.3935
3253.64
86.008
390.678
43.6394
14.732
7.75547
15.9456
26.884
3254.34
87.008
391.001
43.6774
17.7663
5.66868
15.5213
38.0119
3255.55
88.008
389.914
43.7147
37.5236
5.34206
16.3793
33.7696
3257.34
89.008
387.118
43.753
35.0382
5.28761
16.9604
37.263
3256.93
90.008
384.465
43.7905
34.4324
6.94796
15.7058
48.1146
3255.69
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
188Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth
m
Caliper_
Temperat
Natural
SNR[0hm.
LNR[Ohm.
Neutron
Conduct!
91.008
374.552
43.8246
19.3123
13.6165
15.7058
34.9036
3254.73
92.008
386.205
43.8591
18.8161
8.93495
18.0768
34.6695
3253.35
93.008
387.766
43.8954
34.597
6.72117
17.3479
32.7825
3252.73
94.008
389.061
43.9296
43.1507
6.14047
16.2132
76.1866
3251.33
95.008
388.531
43.9632
13.2991
6.89352
16.4531
29.8228
3251.11
96.008
387.118
43.9941
18.8166
9.85127
19.0269
37.7935
3249.99
97.008
386.5
44.0209
11.1451
12.3554
19.0822
27.5684
3248.65
98.008
390.649
44.0177
15.5057
8.88957
18.1781
45.7651
3245.68
99.008
390.208
44.0333
22.0724
9.4793
19.1561
31.812
3124.67
100.008
387.884
44.0582
14.8991
9.80596
19.8018
35.2133
3125.8
101.008
387.501
44.082
16.9941
10.1688
20.3737
30.5634
3127.51
102.008
388.796
44.1057
17.2709
11.4209
19.2944
33.1246
3129.23
103.008
386.559
44.1333
16.388
12.1286
21.1671
34.1688
3132.15
104.008
389.826
44.1685
22.6222
11.067
22.311
33.0645
3151.92
105.008
388.943
44.2
19.3679
12.4915
21.4807
38.2907
3173.04
106.008
387.53
44.2284
10.9241
13.063
20.2631
27.551
3173.44
107.008
385.969
44.2572
21.8494
11.1668
20.5675
36.6399
3174.2
108.008
388.855
44.2863
13.5734
10.1598
20.3553
47.0547
3175.08
109.008
388.384
44.3194
20.0285
10.5681
17.394
27.8059
3175.81
110.008
386.853
44.3559
17.6565
7.67381
15.8811
34.783
3176.67
111.008
392.499
44.395
23.3396
5.81386
16.4993
38.1148
3178.4
• 112.008
397.774
44.4337
13.3526
6.47618
15.8626
35.8893
3206.1
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
189Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
■i
Depth
m
Caliper_
Temperat
Natural
SNR[Ohm.
LNR[Ohm.
Neutron
Conducti
113.008
400.61
44.4749
25.8225
6.07697
15.632
36.8919
114.008
402.419
44.5183
17.0494
5.56888
14.6726
34.5707
3207.2 3208.88
115.008
406.468
44.5635
23.6714
5.51446
15.918
43.3436
3210.04
116.008
404.022
44.6147
24.4399
6.27657
16.1579
38.6497
3211.86
117.008
399.237
44.7016
28.0293
6.04069
15.2352
41.4696
3212.43
118.008
402.448
44.7643
27.3121
5.27855
14.5158
41.757
3230.42
119.008
402.594
44.8259
31.7253
5.17874
16.0011
64.7377
3230.03
120.008
401.048
44.8922
22.4022
5.54166
16.3424
32.3913
3230.03
121.008
394.846
44.9505
37.0253
5.70496
15.7704
34.0591
3230.24
122.008
391.325
45.009
10.6516
6.17676
15.2723
45.0379
3229.83
123.008
385.674
45.0661
15.7815
11.0488
18.0121
42.1596
3229.51
124.008
383.905
45.1212
9.10488
14.5601
22.726
38.1979
3229.62
125.008
380.832
45.1778
9.38014
15.2586
23.3165
45.5208
3228.97
■
126.008
383.58
45.235
9.87686
15.0318
23.6947
56.2567
3228.43
127.008
383.226
45.2948
6.67632
17.817
26.3052
38.6139
3230.43
128.008
382.576
45.3458
4.63556
18.9511
28.7774
44.299
3229.61
129.008
382.31
45.3935
14.7878
18.1437
28.5193
39.8659
3228.92
130.008
382.251
45.4356
14.5668
18.6789
29.4509
33.7963
3228.38
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
190Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth
M
Caliper_
Temperat
Natural
SNRfOhm.
LNR[Ohm.
Neutron
Conducti
131.008
382.369
45.4783
17.9331
20.947
33.6205
36.8006
3227.41
132.008
381.926
45.519
11.4225
23.4692
36.7473
27.525
3226.88
133.008
383.875
45.5536
9.71053
30.7448
36.9503
26.5538
3226.08
134.008
383.905
45.5906
8.77369
28.0324
37.8176
20.4592
3225.54
135.008
384.2
45.6243
9.37879
22.063
33.0487
32.9455
3224.87
136.008
384.2
45.6585
7.88917
16.6105
26.5821
20.4825
3224.17
137.008
383.845
45.6902
12.7451
11.8654
23.8885
35.4808
3223.37
138.008
383.875
45.7219
11.5329
16.0569
23.3074
40.1203
3222.4
139.008
383.226
45.7527
6.67662
18.5882
29.3587
29.5318
3221.25
140.008
383.432
45.7839
13.1332
21.3462
25.3829
27.495
3220.41
141.008
383.875
45.8094
10.7611
13.1629
23.2889
36.0019
3219.41
142.008
383.55
45.8317
8.49696
13.1446
21.0565
32.4307
3218.74
143.008
384.2
45.8484
13.2969
11.7657
20.1892
33.4807
3215.8
144.008
385.527
45.8617
18.8716
8.40872
17.4863
36.267
3213.64
145.008
372.117
45.8692
19.4241
9.08912
16.7299
34.4501
3212.48
146.008
369.201
45.8814
19.2567
10.069
18.8148
29.9531
3210.71
147.008
370.927
45.901
21.3528
10.1779
17.4216
47.834
3202.72
148.008
379.768
45.9112
26.7082
8.12742
16.1302
44.6032
3200.13
149.008
366.907
45.9135
28.2508
9.17082
17.2649
32.1289
3197.88
150.008
373.78
45.8947
16.5518
15.195
19.811
32.1805
3196.2
151.008
371.611
45.8714
16.9953
14.5601
18.2888
34.3323
3204.22
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014*
I
Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
*
Depth
M
Caliper_
Temperat
Natural
SNRfOhm.
LNR[Ohm.
Neutron
Conducti
I
I
I
■ I I
I
I
I
I
I
I I I
I I
152.008
384.613
45.8428
26.1571
8.67182
19.4144
37.8868
3201.78
153.008
382.901
45.8082
18.7046
13.3352
22.7445
26.2345
3199.76
154.008
381.926
45.7682
10.9248
23.3511
28.5006
37.2379
3198.29
155.008
381.394
45.7193
9.7112
28.8308
29.6354
37.6612
3196.44
156.008
381.601
45.6423
7.33782
18.0983
25.014
25.578
3196.4
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
192
IWater Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Figure 2. 21: Geophysical log, Lithology and well construction
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
193Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
2.6.8   Casing and Observation Pipe installation and Gravel Packing
Casing  arrangement is done after considering  geophysical logging,  formation  samples (drill cutting),  penetration  rate in  order to  identify  the water bearing  formations and  arrange the screen and  blind  production  casings so  as to  set the screen  casings against the aquifer portion  of the well.  Since the proper positioning  of the screen  and  blind  casings ensure the free passage of the groundwater flow from the aquifer to  the well and  thereby  maximize the amount of water withdrawn  from the well,  special care was given  to  the appropriate placing  of the screens. 
Then  after,  well is cleaned  to  make ready  for installation  of production  casing.  Installations of 10” PVC production  casing  with  screen  setting  pursuant to  the water bearing  formation  were
performed
Casing Installation
Table 2. 58: Casing Arrangement
Well depth interval from the surface
Casing Length
from
to
Casing material (steel,
PVC)
Diameter (OD),
inch
Wall thickness, inch
Connection
of casings’
Blind
Screen opening length,
m
Screen opening width,
m
%of
screen opening
Remark
Screen
0
6
steel
17
8
welding
6
Surface
casimg
0+0.60m
77.65
PVC
10"
78.25
77.65
94.90
10"
17.25
94.90
106.40
10”
115
106.40
123.65
10"
17.25
123.65
129.40
10"
5.75
129.40
140.90
10"
11.5
140.90
145.00
10"
4.1
145.00
160.00
Seal
Qohnson, Perforated, Slotted, specify if any other)
* Connection types: 1) Welded, 2) Coupling, 3) Spigot and ball 4) any other please specify.
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194Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
2.6.9  Gravel packing
After the completion  of casing  installation  the annular space between  the wall of the well and  the casing  packed  with  7m3gravel.  The gravel is clean,  well rounded  grains of uniform size which ranges between 4-6mm and they are free from soluble materials.
2.6.10  Well Development
To  remove the mud  cake or drilling  fluid  film that coats the borehole and  to  increase the natural porosity  and  permeability  of the formation  in  the vicinity  of the borehole,  well development is carried  out.  The well developed  by  air compressor,  for 21  hours until the water become clean  and silt/sand free.
2.6.11  Cementing and Grouting
Grouting  was done both  between  the wall of the borehole and  the surface casing  and  in  between the surface casing  and  production.  The cement grout provide a seal which  is readily  placed  and develop  the strength  to  contain  load,  hold  casing  firmly  in  position  and  the most important thing is to prevent the seepage of surface water in to the well.
The grouting between the surface casing and wall of the borehole is done just after the
installation of six maters steel surface casing. The grouting between the production casing and 
the conductor casing is done after the gravel packing and development which is six meter below
the surface and half a meter above the surface.
2.6.12    Well Head Construction
The final part of the well construction  is the well head.  Well head  was done according  to  the specified  Design  as it out line in  the contract agreement in  actual fact to  protect the stick  up above ground  from breakage and  movement during  pump  installation  including  capping  of rectangle is constructed.  But most importantly  to  avoid  the rescue of pollution  and  for sanitary purpose with  special care is taken  for the mixing  ratio  and  quality  of sand; water,  cement and aggregate used for the construction of the well head with lm x lm x 0.5m dimension.
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195Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
2.6.13   Borehole camera inspection
Borehole camera inspection  is done to  have visual record  of the well for the future rehabilitation and  pump  installation  problem.  This borehole camera is designed  also  to  have a partial side view. The borehole camera inspection  was performed  by  downward  looking  accompanied  by  an appropriate light source.  The recorded  data of the inspected  wells is submitted  on  with  DVD tape by the contractor with this report.
2.6.14   Well capping
After the completion  of well head  construction,  we sealed  and  capped  the well with  6mm thick steel plate of the same diameter as the conductor casing  was welded  as security  measure to assure that no  foreign  object fall into  the well before the well starts giving  the intended  service. On  the middle of well cap  half inch  threaded  opening  is prepared  to  send  in  the dip  mater for checking the water table anytime. The treaded opening is closed with threaded half inch cap.
2.6.15   Conclusion and Recommendation
After diligent examination of the drilling cutting and result of pre-luminary pumping test, the
area is highly weathered decomposed alluvial deposits and clay. The whole construction works
i.e. the drilling, developing installation of casing and sanitary protections had been performed. 
The screen production casings are set to be against aquifer portion of the well. This was
confirmed from examination of the drill cuttings and electrical logging.
According  to  the  agreement,  the  proposed  total  drilling  target  depth  is  250m  the  intended  to  drill with in ±20% was 300m; however, the well is drilled up to a depth of 160m.
During  preliminary  test the discharge was very  small and  creates fast drawdown  which  is impossible to  conduct pump  test with  available higher pump  on  site to  give 201/s with  100m head according to the contract agreement specification.
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
196Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
2.7 DTW-10-13
2.7.1  Salient Feature
2.7.1.1  Location
The well is specifically  located  in  zone two  Dallol Wereda Muslay  camp  geographically  the center of the fun  with  the geographic coordinates of (Adindan): UTM zone: - 1573479N, 0629306E and Elevation -24m below sea level.
2.7.1.2    Drilling History
Drilling operations was carried out from 22th Aug, 2013 to 29th Aug, 2013 using mud rotary 
system with drilling fluid water and bentonite. The total penetration depth reached is 130m
below ground level of which the first 6m was drilled 20” rock bit and installed with 17" surface
casing. Drilling down the well is continued with 14  /<” up to 130m using tungsten carbide bits, 
10" blind & screen PVC casing installed respectively according to the casing arrangement up to 
129.84m.
2.7.2    General Information
Project Dallol Groundwater Evaluation Project
Client Ministry of Water and Energy. Date of Contract: 19   December 2012
Drilling Contractor: Ethiopotash has sub contract the whole work for RAJ mineral & Exploration Services FZE (Ethiopia Branch)
Drilling started: 22/08/13 rilling Completed: 29/08/13
Type of work: Test Well (observation well, production well, rehabilitation, Deepening existing well)
Well use: for Industrial, (Water supply, Industrial, Irrigation, specify if other)
3
th
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197Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise_______________________________________
2.7.3  Basic Well Characteristics Table 2. 59: Basic Well Characteristics
Well Index
DTW-10-13
Well depth, m
129.84
Static water level ,m
79.28
Pumping test Pump position, m
103
Pumping test discharge ,1/s
50
Pumping test Pump power, Kw
300
Maximum drawdown, m
8.76
Dynamic Water level ,m
88.05
2
Transmissivity ,m / day
5.19 x 103
Hydraulic conductivity(m/d)
1.48x102
Safe Yield, 1/s
50
Well Type
Test
Main Aquifer
gravel and coarse sand
2.7.4    Drilling method and Diameter Table 2. 60: Drilling method and diameter
Depth interval
Drilling
Drilling system
Surface casing used
0-6m
20"
Mud Rotary
17" steel casing
6-130m
14”
Mud Rotary
10” Screen & Blind PVC casing
2.7.5    Logging, EC and Temperature
2.7.5.1    Geological Logging
In the whole course of drilling, drill cuttings were collected at 2 meters fixed interval to describe both the lithology of formation samples penetrated by the borehole and the stratigraphical succession. Samples were described properly and water bearing zones were identified.
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
198Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
For the purpose of litho  logical logging,  formation.samples that were collected  and  provided  at every  two  linear meters interval were described  using  the aid  of hand  lens.  In  general the stratigraphic sequences encountered  throughout the penetrated  depth  of the well are boulders, gravel and coarse sand. The possible water bearing formations are gravel and coarse sand.
Table 2. 61: Lithological Description
FROM
TO
LITHOLOGY KEYWORD
0
6
Boulders
6
24
Gravel with sand
24
26
Boulder with Gravel
26
48
Boulder with sand
48
78
Metasediment
78
94
Clay
94
100
Boulder
100
104
Clay
104
117
Boulder
117
130
Boulder
2.7.5.2  Electrical Conductivity & Temperature
During  drilling  electrical conductivity  (EC),  Total dissolved  substance (TDS),  Salinity  and temperatures of the water were measured.  No  any  significant changes in  conductivity  and temperature of the drilling  fluid  were observed  during  drilling,  in  the pumping  and  development test EC, TDS, Salinity and Temperature reduced
Electrical Conductivity & Temperature of drilling fluid (mud) versus Depth during Drilling
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
199Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Table 2. 62: Electrical Conductivity & Temperature data during drilling
Depth(m)
EC(mS)/(ps)          TDS(g/l)          Salinity(ppt)          Temp(°c)
51
2.26                    1.64
1.1                       37
52
2.16                    1.59                    1.09                    38.9
54
2.26                    1.62                    1.09                     38.9
56
2.2
1.6                     1.08                     38.3
58
2.15
1.57                    1.07                     37.8
60
2.1
1.53                    1.05                     36.8
62
2.12
1.53                    1.03                     38.6
64
1991ps
1.45                    0.99                     39.1
66
2.08
1.48                       1                       39.5
68
2.12
1.51                    1.02                     38.8
70
2.06
1.47                       1                       38.8
72
2.06
1.46                    0.99                     38.1
74
2.05
1.44                    0.98                     37.5
76
1916ps
1.4                     0.95                     39.9
78
1920ps
1.38                    0.94                     38.9
80
1915ps
1.38                    0.95                     38.8
82
1885ps
1.36                    0.93                     39.9
84
1840|is
1.31                     0.9                      38.4
86
1815ps
1.3                     0.89                     39.9
88
1800ps                   1,3
0.89                      40
90
1800ns                  1.29
0.88                    38.8
92                    1771ps                  1.27                    0.87                    39.4
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
200Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
201Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth(m)
EC(mS)/(ps)
TDS(g/l)
Salinity(ppt)
Temp(°c)
124
2.11
1.55
1.06
39.4
125
2.11
1.56
1.06
38.6
126
2.16
1.57
1.07
38.6
127
2.15
1.56
1.06
39.3
128
2.01
1.5
1.03
38
130
2.01
1.51
1.03
39.1
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IWater Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Electrical Conductivity During
Drilling
EC (|is)
1600       1800       2000       2200       2400
Temperature During Drilling
Figure 2. 22: Electrical Conductivity and Temperature
2.7.S.3  Geophysical Logging
Right after the completion of the drilling  operation,  geophysical logging were conducted which aid also  in arrangement of the casing.  The logging  methods were short normal,  long  normal resistivity, Caliper, Temperature, Natural gamma, Neutron and Conductivity
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
203Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Table 2. 63: Geophysical Logging data
Depth 
m
Caliper
mm
Temperature
«C
Conductivity25°
pS/Cm
Neutron 
porosity
%
SNR
Ohm.m
LNR
Ohm.m
Natural
gamma
APL
7
512.517
38.952
38.9891
261.117
13.6395
8
479.936
39.013
2098.11
39.8645
88.8246
242.895
18.8717
9
426.287
39.0536
2097.27
34.6241
90.3408
231.594
12.2716
10
433.591
39.1098
2095.89
24.3201
89.4413
230.975
22.0706
11
429.946
39.1515
2094.6
25.8734
89.6771
231.708
12.67
12
466.971
39.1961
2093.73
27.1038
87.6888
213.483
16.0454
13
419.033
39.2675
2091.83
17.1311
82.8929
205.704
20.4152
14
414.812
39.3293
2090.11
21.8922
81.224
195.669
14.6097
15
420.388
39.3782
2088.89
21.735
75.0676
200.812
17.5463
16
403.831
39.4263
2086.28
24.5659
75.6335
196.266
13.6855
17
415.354
39.4496
2085.94
27.5339
76.1631
188.778
16.5101
18
408.708
39.4637
2086.07
23.3929
73.1412
190.658
22.1157
19
406.866
39.4741
2086.02
22.8102
74.5379
189.464
22.4013
20
408.309
39.4895
2085.64
26.3372
76.0544
190.902
16.553
21
396.465
39.5075
2085.28
27.7989
75.8367
192.321
18.8273
22
399.283
39.5219
2087.8
30.23
r 76.3264
142.744
13.9047
23
417.853
39.5368
2087.64
28.8644
63.0476
138.138
22.1799
24
399.51
39.5508
2087.27
25.4736
61.5818
135.649
16.8404
25
403.995
39.5658
2086.29
32.9826
61.7269
133.598
18.5383-1
26
400.084
39.572
2086.24
39.0735
61.3605
134.513
11.2785
0
0
0
27
399.317
39.5796
2085.98
35.9158
61.5636
132.127
21.1438 '
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
204Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth
m
Caliper
mm
Temperature
°C
Conductivity25”
pS/Cm
Neutron
porosity
%
SNR
Ohm.m
LNR
Ohm.m
Natural
gamma
APL
28
400.954
39.5858
2085.92
39.3125
63.4394
130.15
16.4425
29
393.917
39.5921
2086.11
39.3435
58.6755
128.121
14.6335
30
389.854
39.5964
2085.96
32.1796
59.1654
123.05
21.4527
31
389.074
39.6007
2085.82
34.2247
58.3671
123.216
9.60071
32
392.227
39.6072
2085.69
35.2531
58.3127
119.805
20.924
33
383.346
39.6167
2085.32
35.0666
55.4681
117.286
12.2496
34
389.212
39.6231
2085.3
27.898P
55.5951
114.401
16.5533
35
389.82
39.6306
2085.3
30.6983
56.2083
114.645
16.9282
36
386.442
39.6361
2085.01
36.5273
56.2518
113.719
24.2777
37
397.458
39.6408
2084.96
38.227
53.5051
113.608
13.3534
38
400.53
39.6457
2084.84
42.2501
55.1198
112.631
15.1853
39
388.329
39.6512
2084.65
33.0406
56.5747
112.2
10.7709
40
400.676
39.6548?
2084.58
27.2389
55.1451
111.266
21.9611
41
399.257
39.6534
2084.83
25.3005
51.5639
108.4
15.626
42
427.821
39.6636
2084.74
32.8333
50.2759
108.522
20.658
43
396.524
39.6712
2084.53
35.2715
51.876
105.752
13.3528
44
386.114
39.681
2084.35
37.6483
53.2875
105.951
15.847
45
385.335
39.6921
2084.07
34.196
54.278
106.748
10.3958
46
387.26
39.7035
2081.09
31.3841
54.7025
102.709
13.1322
47
382.914
39.716
2076.81
26.6232
51.6183
97.1983
14.6771
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth 
m
Caliper
mm
Temperature
•C
Conductivity25°
pS/Cm
Neutron 
porosity
%
SNR
Ohm.m
LNR
Ohm.m
Natural
gamma
APL
48
381.497
39.7274
2082.36
21.3401
47.8085
89.5294
19.4227
49
381.441
39.7388
2084.61
17.1807
43.7264
82.6793
21.7395
50
382.134
39.7509
2086.59
23.54
40.3881
,76.2863
11.2785
51
378.129
39.7656
2086.54
24.8361
36.8067
70.5314
13.1107
52
381.58
39.7849
2086.24
22.5992
34.3464
64.9903
17.2156
53
384.783
39.806
2086.08
20.2699
32.3869
61.7917
22.3136
54
392.771
39.8223
2086.08
26.9669
31.2983
57.8442
10.1086
55
373.838
39.8379
2085.8
24.2156
29.8504
55.0661
12.4702
56
382.248
39.8508
2085.67
20.2707
28.7945 1
54.6049
20.6365
57
380.88<T
39.8635
2094.66
26.6345 f
29.4259
55.4683
24.0571
58
380.251
39.8745
2094.59
23.2038
31.4979
56.2467
14.126
59
384.675
39.8842
2094.56
25.7266
33.1672
60.8141
14.1035
60
376.313
39.8934
2094.8
24.2135
37.9062
62.644
21.0777
61
380.281
39.9026
2094.74
21.1656
37.4345
63.736
20.1953
62
379.037
39.9108
2094.92
22.2494
36.4148
61.5778
24.5652
63
376.689
39.9171
2095.16
23.371
34.1324
59.4232
17.5905
64
377.299
39.9246
2095.51
26.2011
32.445
56.1508
13.0219
65
381.692
39.9341
2095.84
26.1454
31.8463
53.487
12.0507
66
375.614
39.946
2103.98
26.2447
29.6981
52.9078
15.6707
67
378.163
39.9572
2101.93
22.9965
33.3123
53.4096
13.044
68
377.294
39.9639
2101.7
23.4012
34.1687
53.6051
18.9149
69
380.858
39.9701
2101.64
22.9855
33.5372
53.8117
10.9251
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth 
m
Caliper
mm
Temperature
»C
Conductivity25° pS/Cm
Neutron porosity
%
SNR
Ohm.m
LNR Ohm.m
Natural gamma
APL
70
375.522
40.0073
2101.48
26.8808
31.389
51.0262
22.3135
71
372.272
40.0175
2101.54
28.1102
31.0189
43.2118
11.2559
72
374.185
40.0283
2101.82
26.3597
23.2895
39.072
16.112
73
384.757
40.04
2101.47
28.8936
20.4299
32.0615
24.3002
74
378.316
40.0502
2101.68
31.9569
16.34
29.1318
24.7418
75
373.931
40.0609
2101.32
31.2521
14.6598
27.4676
16.0017
76
373.875
40.0741
2101.47
31.1262
14.6598
24.8699
23.2186
77
372.827
40.0871
2101.43
31.2079
13.2554
24.239
14.898
78
377.099
40.1006
2101.27
37.2868
12.3372
23.5194
23.2848
79
375.879
40.1145
2101.15
33.1084
12.4642
22.5416
20.7023
80
371.539
40.1284
2101.39
29.2556
12.0796
22.6707
21.4974
81
378.866
40.1438
2101.52
34.9168
11.8872
21.6929
36.6377
82
379.011
40.1584
2101.32
35.0782
11.6114
21.1099
28.1844
83
378.084
40.1732
2101.27
38.4706
11.3646
21.121
27.3678
84
377.098
40.1871
2100.95
38.0443
11.5606
21.287
14.0151
85
377.679
40.2019
2100.79
35.3276
12.2646
20.501
23.9913
86
380.285
40.2174
2100.82
36.0268
11.7711
20.383
^32.4001
87
378.2
40.2317
2100.48
34.6819
11.488
20.918
22.9538
88
372.611
40.2438
2100.48
35.9342
12.2283
20.5121
35.7765
89
372.377
40.2577
2100.15
35.817
11.8618
19.6486
34.4085
90
369.836
40.2748
2100.13
38.2648
11.5715
18.7225
29.9059
91
374.701
40.2905
2099.89
32.1032
11.0126
18.8774
28.6481
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth 
m
Caliper
mm
Temperature
•C
Conductivity25”
pS/Cm
Neutron 
porosity
%
SNR
Ohm.m
LNR
Ohm.m
Natural
gamma
APL
92
372.609
40.3046
2099.77
37.5105
10.2795
18.0767
26.6174
93
375.291
40.3177
2100.58
35.5131
10.7404
17.28331
28.9127
94
377.604
40.3321
2102.85
30.3984
9.48837
16.7704
24.5652
95
393.349
40.3425
2102.85
40.4915
8.48311
17.0619
31.6718
96
394.295
40.3531
2104.45
41.174
9.81502
17.3571
36.9689
97
382.785
40.3613
2104.32
28.8282
23.0065
18.0951
17.9876
98
375.734
40.3723
2104
27.5716
19.8239
23.0988
27.412
99
377.383
40.3841
2104.1
30.6829
13.7816
20.3276
25.823
100
375.669
40.3966
2103.82
31.4759
13.3715
16.2353
21.0116
101
374.614
40.4083
2103.78
30.797
9.17264
15.0545
36.1082
102
370.692
40.4177
2103.56
37.1563
7.75
13.7593
37.7412
103
383.024^
40.4244
2103.43
37.1531
7.34719
15.1431
48.9308
104
372.187
40.431
2103.61
34.7083
14.4348
15.8627
21.8503
105
375.818
40.4366
2108.18
28.8795
17.0332
21.1394
13.9046
106
370.079
40.4421
2109.2
26.5062
20.4118
23.3608
19.4886
107
372.266
40.4482
2109.09
29.5015
19.5445
26.1946
23.8145
108
371.268
40.4523
2109
29.0964
20.5751
25.7887
22.071
109
369.462
40.4567
2108.85
27.2208
18.7062
27.0064
20.1508"
110
372.56
40.4596
2108.75
25.7581
19.744
25.5858
12.6907
111
370.593
40.4624
2108.86
22.7186
19.5771
26.5452
15.7807
112
368.047
40.4655
2108.85
32.8523
19.0328
27.1097
15.1628
113
367.698
40.4683
2108.91
28.3733
21.5404
26.8551
18.7823
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Depth
m
Caliper
mm
Temperature
•C
Conductivity25‘‘
pS/Cm
Neutron 
porosity
%
SNR
Ohm.m
LNR
Ohm.m
Natural
gamma
APL
114
369.521
40.4702
2108.99
25.7212
22.6218
27.8182
12.47
115
366.043
40.4729
2109.35
28.5594
20.8291
28.3348
22.5122
116
363.954
40.4739
2109.67
29.9295
22.0702
27.5414
18.6278
117
368.584
40.4751
2110.28
24.6046
21.2682
28.427
19.5328
118
372.97
40.476
2110.9
26.9777
21.0287
27.1171
18.3629
119
374.224
40.4769
2113.57
27.062
19.4682
28.4492
18.0319
120
377.389
40.4764
2143.15
27.4111
23.1153
29.2203
26.2644
121
373.874
40.4762
2144.91
27.7073
25.583
32.2829
20.0405
122
381.528
40.4758
2147.08
23.9054
29.1573
30.8623
26.6837
123
374.253
404756
2151.34
26.2143
22.1428
29.7
24.278
124
374.66
40.4734
2181.61
27.2503
21.4279
29.6373
16.487
125
376.852
40.4724
2181.65
28.1523
21.7545
28.9621
16.6636
126
40.4691
2184.42
20.6985
29.4417
16.8843
127
40.4707
2187.51
24.0588
30.4491
25.3595
128
30.3839
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
WATER WORKS DESIGN AND SUPERVISION ENTERPRISE
P.O.BOX 2561. Addl* Ab al»a.Etlflcpia.
Tel. 0116614501*6 J1890. Fax. 0116615371. e-mail, wwrtlnet
Dallol Groundwater Evalluation Project
SHWT NL1
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k- 130
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Weil Index-DTW-IO
UTME 629306
UTMN; 1573479
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Figure 2. 23: Geophysical log, Lithology and well construction
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014j/Vater Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
—
2.7.6 Casing and Observation Pipe installation and Gravel Packing
Casing  arrangement is done after considering  geophysical logging,  formation  samples (drill cutting), penetration rate in order to identify the water bearing formations and arrange the screen and blind production casings so as to set the screen casings against the aquifer portion of the well. Since the proper positioning of the screen and blind casings ensure the free passage of the groundwater flow from the aquifer to  the well and  thereby  maximize the amount of water withdrawn from the well, special care was given to the appropriate placing of the screens. 
Then after, well is cleaned to make ready for installation of production casing. Installation of 10 inches PVC production casing with screen setting pursuant to the water bearing formation were performed.
Casing Installation
Tabic 2. 64: Casing Arrangement
Well depth interval
from the surface
Casing Length
from
To
Casing
ma ten a I
(steel,
PVC)
Diameter
(OD),
inch
Wall
thickness,
inch
Connection
of casings'
Blind
Screen
Screen
opening
length,
m
Screen
opening
width,
m
%of
screen
opening
Remark
0
6
steel
17
8
welding
6
Surface
casimg
05
62.921
PVC
10
62.92
62.92
80.08
M
10
M
17.16
80.08
97.24
10
M
17.16
97.24
102.96|
5.72
102.96
108.68
10
5.72
108.68
125.84
10
17.16
125.84
129.84
10
4
It
Johnson, Perforated, Slotted, specify if any o er)
lnhn<;nn Pnr
th
* Connection types: 1) Welded, 2) Coupling, 3) Spigot and ball 4) any other please specify
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
211*
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
——r W°rks Design and Supervision Enterprise
2.7.7  Gravel packing
After the completion of casing installation the annular space between the wall of the well
casing packed with 7m3gravel. The gravel is clean, well rounded grains of uniform size which ranges between 4-6mm and they are free from soluble materials.
2.7.8  Well Development
To remove the mud cake or drilling fluid film that coats the borehole and to increase the natural porosity and permeability of the formation in the vicinity of the borehole, well development is carried out. The well developed by air compressor, for 11 hours until the water become clean and silt/sand free.
2.7.9 Pumping Test
2.7.9.1 Preliminary Pumping Test
The preliminary pumping test is conducted for 2 hrs the yield of the well is 42.97L/S and the maximum drawdown is 7.65m.
0
0
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol) 20l7
212Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
1 able 2. 65: Preliminary Pumping Test Data Pump Type:Deep well submersible pumpH =   Q
m
=  —42.97--------------------------------------- i/s
Pump   position:   _103_   m   Method   of   Measurement:V-notchIf   V-notch,   Type   Static water level (SWL):79.52m. If Artesian Piezometric head above the surface of the earth.
m
213Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Date
Time
since
pumping
started,
min
Water
Level(m)
Draw
Down(m)
Q(cm)
EC,
pS/cm
Tem Oc
TDS
salinity
30
87.02
7.5
35
87.02
7.5
24cm
1,91
41.3
0.96
40
87.02
7.5
45
87.02
7.5
50
87.02
7.5
55
87.02
7.5
60
87.03
7.51
24cm
1.87
41.7
0.95
70
87.03
7.51
80
87.05
7.53
2.28
42
1.16
90
87.06
7.54
100
87.08
7.56
110
87.13
7.61
120
87.17
7.65
2.24
41.2
1.16
1.8
40.8
0.9
2.7.9.2 Constant and Recovery Pumping Test
A constant pumping  test for continuous 48  hours was conducted  with  Q= 501/s; immediately after the completion of the constant rate test, recovery water level monitoring were proceed for 6 hours. The recovery attains 94 percent within 5 minutes; the pump position for this well is set to
103 meters.
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
214Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
1. Constant Pumping Test
Table 2. 66: Constant Pumping Test Data
Constant Test Start Date: 04-06-13 (d/m/y) Constant Test End Date: 05-06-13
Constant          Test          Duration:22hours          Pump          type:          submercible
SWL: 99.59 and stick out lm             Pump position: 119.15m Q: If Artesian Piezometric head above the surface of the earth .tn
Date
Time
since
pumping
started,
min
Water
Level(m)
Draw
Down(m)
Q(cm)
EC, (ms)
Tem Oc
TDS(ppt)
Salinity(ppt)
0
79.28
0
1
85.35
6.07
2
85.85
6.57
3
86
6.72
4
86.06
6.78
5
86.08
6.8
6
86.13
6.85
7
86.17
6.89
8
86.19
6.91
27cm
9
86.2
6.92
27cm
10
86.21
6.93
1.81
39.9
0.92
12
86.22
6.94
14
86.24
6.96
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
215Water Works Design and Su pervisionEnterprise
Date
Time
since
pumping
started,
min
Water
Level(m)
Draw
Down(m)
EC, (ms)
Q(cm)
Tern
Oc
TDS(ppt)
Salimty(ppt)
16
86.25
6.97
27cm
18
86.25
6.97
20
86.25
6.97
27cm
2.27
39.1
1.13
25
86.3
7.02
27cm
30
86.33
7.05
27cm
2.22
39.9
1.12
35
86.35
7.07
27cm
40
86.39
7.11
27cm
45
86.41
7.13
27cm
50
86.43
7.15
27cm
60
86.47
7.19
2.48
39.5
1.85
70
86.52
7.24
27cm
80
86.57
7.29
90
86.63
7.35
2.84
1.9
100
86.67
7.39
27cm
1.89
40.5
0.99
120
86.76
7.48
27cm
1.8
40.3
0.86
140
86.85
7.57
1.82
40.2
0.85
160
86.92
7.64
1.82
40.2
0.85
180
86.99
7.71
27cm
1.85
40.2
0.94
210
87.06
7.78
27cm
1.83
40
0.95
240
87.15
7.87
27cm
1.87
39.8
0.95
270
87.22
7.94
1.86
39.8
0.91
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol) 2014
216Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Date
Time
since
pumping
started,
min
Water
Level(m)
Draw
Down(m)
EC, (ms)
Q(cm)
Tern
Oc
TDS(ppt)
Salinity(ppt)
300
87.3
8.02
1.89
39.6
0.97
330
87.37
8.09
27cm
1.86
39.6
0.86
360
87.42
8.14
1.83
39.9
0.84
420
87.52
8.24
1.96
39.2
0.93
480
87.6
8.32
1.8
39.1
0.87
540
87.67
8.39
27cm
1.77
38.5
0.82
600
87.7
8.42
1.99
38.8
0.99
660
87.72
8.44
1.47
42.8
0.77
1.04
720
87.8
8.52
1.98
41.4
1
780
87.86
8.58
27cm
1.69
39.9
0.74
840
87.91
8.63
1.71
36.9
0.9
900
87.96
8.68
1.43
39.4
0.84
1.05
960
87.96
8.68
27cm
1.93
41.1
0.97
1.05
1020
87.99
8.71
1.85
41.4
0.94
1080
88.01
8.73
1.99
40.1
1
1140
88.01
8.73
27cm
1.84
39.4
0.94
1200
88.06
8.78
1.86
39.3
0.97
1.18
1260
88.06
8.78
1.95
39.1
0.99
1.15
1320
88.08
8.8
27cm
1.83
41.1
0.94
1.14
1380
88.15
8.87
1.74
39.2
0.87
1.14
1440
88.17
8.89
27cm
1.6
41.2
0.74
1.13
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
217Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Date
Time
since
pumping
started,
min
Water
Level(m)
Draw
Down(m)
EC, (ms)
Q(cm)
Tem
Oc
TDS(ppt)
Salinity(ppt)
1500
88.18
8.9
1.85
40.2
0.9
1560
88.19
8.91
1.87
40.4
0.95
1.15
1620
88.2
8.92
1.79
40.9
0.93
1.16
1680
88.24
8.96
1.75
39.4
0.87
1740
88.26
8.98
1.92
39.6
0.96
1800
88.29
9.01
1.91
39.8
0.99
1860
88.3
9.02
1.8
39.9
0.93
1920
88.3
9.02
1.9
40.1
0.93
1.14
1980
88.36
9.08
1.85
40.4
0.91
2040
88.38
9.1
1.9
40.4
0.96
2100
88.4
9.12
1.81
40.5
0.92
1.15
2160
88.03
8.75
26.8cm
1.85
39.9
0.92
1.14
2220
87.98
8.7
26.8cm
1.75
39.7
0.93
1.14
2280
87.96
8.68
26.8cm
1.89
38.9
0.94
1.13
2340
87.96
8.68
26.8cm
1.75
39.4
0.91
1.15
2400
87.94
8.66
26.8cm
1.7
38.8
0.87
1.15
2460
87.93
8.65
26.8cm
1.73
41.1
0.87
1.16
2520
87.93
8.65
26.8cm
1.75
41.1
0.86
1.13
2580
87.93
8.65
26.8cm
1.4
39.2
0.67
1.12
2640
87.94
8.66
26.8cm
1.65
39.4
0.83
1.12
2700
87.94
8.66
26.8cm
1.72
40.7
0.86
1.13
2760
87.94
8.66
26.8cm
1.68
40.1
0.85
1.13
2820
87.99
8.71
26.8cm
1.67
41
0.86
1.17
2880
»nnrt: Well
88.05
tkccomDlis
8.77 hnnent Report
26.8cm
of Muslev fans an
1.67
41.3
0.82
1.15
<
218Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
2,7.9  3 Recovery Pumping Test
Table 2. 67: Recovery Pumping Test Data Recovery Start Date: 05-09-13 (d/m/y) Constant               Test               Duration:48 
SWL: 79.28 
501/s
Pump position
Recovery End Date: 05-09-13 ______ hours Pump type:submebile
103m Q:
Date
Time since
Recovery 
started, min
Water
Level(m)
Residual Draw
Down(m)
Comment
0
88.05
1
79.9
2
79.89
3
79.88
4
79.87
5
79.86
6
79.86
7
79.78
8
79.76
9
79.75
10
79.74
12
79.73
14
79.71
16
79.69
18
79.68
20
79.67
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Date
Time since
Recovery 
started,
min
Water
Level(m)
Residual Draw
Down(m)
Comment
25
79.67
30
79.65
35
79.65
40
79.65
45
79.63
50
79.63
60
79.62
70
79.61
80
79.6
90
79.6
100
79.59
120
79.58
140
79.57
160
79.56
180
79.56
210
79.55
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol) 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Date
Time since
Recovery 
started, min
Water
Level (m)
Residual Draw
Down(m)
Comment
240
79.54
270
79.53
300
79.52
330
79.52
360
79.51
240
79.54
270
79.53
300
79.52
330
79.52
360
79.51
Final Report- Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol) 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
1. Constant Method Analysis after COOPER & JACOB (By Version 2.5)
Analysis after COOPER A JACOB II - Confined aqutfer
10.00
• DTW-10
Transmisslvffy [nT/d]: 0.52 x 102 Hydrautc conductivity [m/d]: 1.19 x 101
Storativly: 9.31 x 10J
2. Constant Method Analysis by Thesis dimensionless method
Theis analysis me<iod - Confined aquifer
1/u
10 ________ 10*________ 10 _________10 _________ 10 _________ 10 _________ 10
4
1
2
3
4
s 10* 107
-—1
/
—
• DTW-10
Transmtssivfty [ny/d]: 0.11 x 102 Hydraulic conducttvtty [m/d]: 1.74 x 101
Storatlvlty: t.M x 104
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
222Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
3. Recovery Method Analysis after THEIS & JACOB (by Version 2.5)
Recovery method after THEIS X JACOB - Unconfined aquifer
TrammtsilvWy (iw'fd): 5. IS x 101
Hydrautc conductivity [nvd]: 1^4S x 10*
Figure 2. 24: Pumping test analysis
2.7.10  Water Quality
After collection of water sample from the well while conducting the pumping test it was labeled, the label was comprised stated date, time and the depth from which the sample was taken and handed over for laboratory chemical quality analysis In most cases the known standards have a direct relationship with geology
In general, the chemical quality of the well water is fit to Ethiopian standard for household uses and WHO Check the result of the laboratory analysis and summary of the interpretation of the chemical analysis as follows:-
The  chemicd  analysis  msul.  of  .he  w..er  sample  collected  dunng  pumping  les,  shows   [ha(   |he water of the well is chemically Ca-CI-Co3 type.
Table of Chemical Analysis Results of Water Samples
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol) 2014----------------------------------------------
223Water Works Design and Supe rvisionEnterprise
Table 2. 68: Chemical Analysis Results Data
Source of sample
WeU
WeU
WeU
WHO max-
min (mg/1)
Location
Dallol
Dallol
Dallol
Date of collection
3/9/2013
4/9/2013
5/9/2013
Date received
30/9/2013
30/9/2013
30/9/2013
Clients ID. NO.
DTW-lOat the
bigning of the
constant test
DTW-lOat
the middle of
the constant
test
DTW-lOat
the end of
constant test
Lab.ID No.
545/2006
546/2006
547/2006
—
Coiour(app)
-
-
-
—
Turbidity (NTU)
-
-
-
5
Total Solids 1050c(mg/l)
-
-
-
-
T. Dissolved Solid 1050c
1240
1664
1660
1000
Electrical
Conducuvity(mS/cm)
2410
2410
1799
—
PH
6.63
6.66
6.55
65-8.5
Ammonia(mg/1 NH3)
-
-
-
—
Sodium (mg/1 Na)
94
114
126
200
Potassium(mg/1 k)
8.6
10.5
10.5
—
Total Hardness (mg/1 CaCo3)
890
1200
1240
500
Calcium(mg/1 Ca)
320
400
384
200
Magnesium(mg/1 Mg)
21.6
48
67.2
150
Total Iron(mg/1 Fe)
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.3
Manganese(mg/1 Mn)
0.24
0.29
0.26
0.1
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
224Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Source of ample
Well
WeU
WeU
WHO max
min (mg/I)
Flounde(mg/1 F)
0.66
0.68
0.65
1.5
Chlonde(mg/1Cl)
110.12
178.38
178.38
250
Nitnte(mg/1 Na2)
-
-
-
—
Nitrate(mg/1 No3)
1.01
0.72
0.67
45
Alkahmrytmg/1 CaCo3)
740
1160
1156
—
Carbanare(mg/l 003)
Nill
Nfll
Nill
—
Bicar banatefmg/1 HOO3)
902.8
1415.2
1410.32
—
Su]ptiatt(mg/1904)
209.95
180.5
181.45
400
Phcaphau(nig/1 PCM)
0.56
0.42
0.34
—
Boron(mg/1 B)
1.06
0.93
0.88
0.3
Fecal Coliform per 100 ml
-
-
-
—
Pie Plot hbraioiy result (At lhe begining)         Pie Plot of labratory result (At th. middle)
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise
Piper Plot of labratory result of all the sample
Figure 2. 2522: /’if r/wr/ Piper diagram of water sample analysis
2.7.11 Cementing and Grouting
Grouting was done both between the wall of the borehole and the surface casing and in between the surface casing and production The cement grout provide a seal which is readily placed and develop the strength to contain load, hold casing firmly in position and the most important thing is to prevent the seepage of surface water in to the well
The grouting  between  the surface casing  and  wall of the borehole is done just after the installation of six maters steel surface casing The grouting between the production casing and the conductor casing is done after the gravel packing and development which is six meter below the surface and half a meter above the surface
2.7.12 Well Head Construction
The final part of the well construction is the well head Well head was done according to the specified Design as it out line in the contract agreement in actual fact to protect the stick up above ground  from breakage and  movement during  pump  installation  including  capping  of rectangle is constructed But most importantly to avoid the rescue of pollution and for sanitary purpose with special care is taken for the mixing ratio and quality of sand, water, cement and aggregate used for the construction of the well head with lm x lm x 0 5m dimension
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
226Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise______________________■
2.7.13 Borehole camera inspection
Borehole camera inspection is done to have visual record of the well for the future rehabilitation and pump installation problem. This borehole camera is designed also to have a partial side view. The borehole camera inspection  was performed  by  downward  looking  accompanied  by  an appropriate light source. The recorded data of the inspected wells is submitted on with DVD tape by the contractor with this report.
2.7.14 Well Capping
After the completion of well head construction, we sealed and capped the well with 6mm thick steel plate of the same diameter as the conductor casing  was welded  as security  measure to assure that no foreign object fall into the well before the well starts giving the intended service. On the middle of well cap half inch threaded opening is prepared to send in the dip mater for checking the water tabic anytime. The treaded opening is closed with threaded half inch cap.
2.7.15 Conclusion and Recommendation
After diligent examination of the drilling cutting and result of constant test, the main aquifer in the area is coarser sand and gravel. The whole construction works i.e. the drilling, developing installation of casing and sanitary protections had been performed.
The  screen  production  casings  are  set  to  be  against  aquifer  portion  of  the  well.  This  was confirmed from examination of the drill cuttings and electrical logging.
According to the agreement, the proposed total drilling target depth is 250m the intended to drill with in ±20% was 300m; however, the well is drilled up to a depth of 130m. Again from careful examination  of casing  arrangement and  total draw down  observed  in  the well and  aquifer position we recommended to set the pump position to be around at the depth of 90m.
As the laboratory chemical analysis show the water is grouped under the hard water which is not advised  to  drink  it without treatment but for solution  mining  to  extract minerals will not be problem. So as to see from this test well this perspective (Muslay fan) can be potential fan on the area, with further investigation it can give potential wells for the solution mining process.
Final Report: Well Accomplishment Report of Musley fans and adjacent areas (Dallol), 2014
227

Summery

Project Overview

Project Title: Dallol Area Groundwater Potential Assessment Project

Client: Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, Ministry of Water, Irrigation and Energy

Contractor: Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise

Report Date: March 2014

Objective: Evaluation of groundwater potential for Musley and adjacent fan areas in Dallol, Ethiopia

        Key Findings
        10 test wells drilled in major fan areas (Asabuye, Musley, Gehertu, Bekerti, Saba)
Well depths ranged from 91m to 261m
Yields varied from 2-3 l/s to over 60 l/s depending on location
Water quality ranges from fresh to brackish/saline
Main aquifers identified as gravel, coarse sand, and fractured limestone

    

Well Drilling Details

Well ID	Location	Depth (m)	Static Water Level (m)	Yield (l/s)	Drawdown (m)	Water Quality
DTW-01-13	Gehertu	189	99.59	44	1.11	Fresh (high SO₄)
DTW-02-13	Gehertu	223	144.86	10	6.47	Brackish
DTW-03-13	North Gehertu	91	43.3	60	6.92	Brackish
DTW-04-13	Asabuye	261	132.8	10	19.57	Brackish
DTW-05-13	Musley	162	45.19	6	72.91	Fresh

Methodology

Drilling and Construction

Mud rotary drilling system used
Initial 6m drilled with 20" bit, 17" steel surface casing installed
Continued with 14¾" bit to ~150m, then 10" bit to final depth
PVC casings installed (10" and 6") with gravel packing

Data Collection

Lithologic logging at 2m intervals
Borehole geophysical logging (resistivity, gamma, porosity, conductivity, caliper, temperature)
Pumping tests (preliminary, constant rate, recovery)
Water quality sampling and analysis

Water Quality Summary

Parameter	DTW-01	DTW-02	DTW-03	WHO Standards
pH	7.8-7.9	7.99	7.44	6.5-8.5
EC (μS/cm)	1107	15,590	56,400	-
TDS (mg/l)	790	11,300	43,640	1000
SO₄ (mg/l)	434.84	775.78	849.38	400

Conclusions and Recommendations

Gehertu and Musley fans show good groundwater potential with yields up to 60 l/s
Water quality varies significantly by location - some wells have high salinity/sulfate content
Recommend further investigation in Gehertu fan area for potential production wells
Water treatment may be required for drinking due to high sulfate levels in some wells
For industrial/mining use, water quality is generally acceptable despite salinity