GOVERNMENT OF ETHIOPIA WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY MASTER DRAINAGE PLAN FOR MELKA SADI AND AMIBARA AREAS REPORT July 1985 Revised March 1986 VOLUME 1 SUMMARY Water Resources Development Authority P 0 Box 5673 Addis Ababa Ethiopia Sir William Halcrow & Partners Consulting Engineers Burderop Park Swindon Wiltshire SN4 OQD United KingdomGOVERNME ETHIOPIA 'X, WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY MASTER DRAINAGE PLAN FOR MELKA SADI AND AMIBARA AREAS FINAL REPORT Juiv 1985 Revised March 1986 VOLUME 1 SUMMARY Water Resources Development Authority P 0 Box 5673 Addis Ababa Ethiopia Sir William Halcrow & Partners Consulting Engineers Burderqp Park Swindon Wiltshire SN4 OOD United KingdomMASTER DRAINAGE PLAN EOF MELKA SAT I AX ~BARA AREAS VOL SUMMARY MAIN REPORT ANNEX Al SOILS AND DRAINABILITY CLASSES ANNEX ANNEX A2 SOILS AND DRAINABILITY CLASS MAPS A3 DESCRIPTION OF AUGER BORES ANNEX B GROUNDWATER AND SALINITY ANNEX C HYDROLOGY ■■ -a ANNEX D ENGINEERING ANNEX E ■s AGRICULTURE ANNEX F MARKETING AND PRICES ANNEX G PROJECT COST ESTIMATES ANNEX H ■ FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC EVALUATION ANNEX I EVALUATION METHODOLOGY - GUIDELINES ANNEX J ENVIRONMENT AND HEALTHFINAL REPORT VOLUME 1 SUMMARY CONTENTS 1. LN TRO DU CT ION 2. FINDINGS. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 2. L Findings and Conclusions 2.2 ’Recommendations 3, THE MASTER DRAINAGE PLAN 3.1 Main Components * 3.2 Development Programme 4. THE STAGE I DEVELOPMENT 4.1 Main Canponcnts 4.2 SmpLescntation Method Programme and Organisation ( 4.3 Organisation and Management 4.4 Monitoring and EvaluationCONTENTS contd***. Page Ng 5* COST ESTIMATES 5*1 Stage I Development Costs 5.2 Masterplan Development Costs 6. financial and economic analysis TABLES 1. Summary of Stage 1 Investment. Costs 2. Master Drainage Plan Cost Estimate J. Summary at Financial and Economic Analysis FIGURES 1* Study Area Location 2. Master Drainage Plan Layout ]. Master Drainage Plan - Indicative Development Programme 4, Proposed Implementat ion Schedule tor Stage IJ I L. INTRODUCTION The Master Drainage Plan Study was cosueneed in May 1984* and follows previous studies concerned with rising water tab tea and increasing salinity problems at Am bar a Irrigation Project- The study area includes the Ambara Irrigation Project 11 development, comprising the Melka Sadi and Melka Warer State Farms, together with the Melka Sadi Banana Unit, the Melka Warer Research Station, the Amibara Settlement Project, the older Acibara and Angelele State Faros and other, aa yet, undeveloped land within the Amibara extension area* The total study area encompasses an estimated groas irrigable area ot 17,000 ha, with a corresponding net irrigable area of some 14,21)0 ha. The location of the study area is shown tn Figure 1. The principal objectives of the study are to provide a framework for future drainage implementation in rhe study area, and to provide detailed design* for subsurface drainage works immediately required in seriously affected areas* j A multi-disciplinary approach has been used, involving engineering, soil science and agricultural and environmental studies, supported by economic and financial analyses. The study had been subdivided into three distinct bur partially overlapping phases, comprising Identification, Study ind Masterplan, and Detailed Design, Details of the methods ot approach ar.d results of the study are presented in the accompanying technical annexes and *ucm,irised in the Main Report* The Detailed Design Drawings and Tender Documents far the implementation of the imoediately required works are presented separately. Fieldwork commenced on site tn. early June 19B4 and continued until cl id -HS ©vends er 19&4. During the Identification phase, emphasis was placed on assessing overall drainage requirements and identifying areas in need of priority treatment. This was achieved through review of available •lata, supported by outline soil, agricultural and hydrological fieldwork together with discussions with concerned parties. During the Study Phase, detailed fieldwork necessary for in-depth evaluation and design purposes was carried out. This included detailed investigations into the nature rind distribution ot soil types for dxninability classification, andagronomic studies into the processes and time scale of yield decline due to salinisation and waterlogging. Available data on groundwater movements and salinity levels were analysed, and procedures were developed co predict future groundwater levels without drainage and the effects thereof on crop yields and land use. Topographical and hydrological data were obtained for subsequent detailed design of the drainage network. Environmental and health studies were also conducted to assess the impact of alternative drainage options and to provide guidelines for the drainage design- Throughout the field studies close collaboration was maintained with members of URDA staff. Following the completion of the field studies the outline designs3 casting and evaluation Df the recommended drainage works were carried out in the Consultants' UK office, culminating in the presentation of this report.2. FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AMD RECOMMENDATIONS The findings, conclusions and rccommenda t inns of this study are described in detail, in the various technical Annexes and in the Main deport. ear convenience these are Listed in summary format below* An index of renotnnendit ions of Chis study is given ia. Appendix A of the Main Report. 2-1 Findings and Conclusions The principal findings and conclusions of the study include the following: Cl) Groundwater tables in the study area are rising at an average rate of approximately 1 setre per year and are at present within 1 metre of the surface over sorae 2000 ha in He Ik. a. Sadi, and 500 ha in Aniibsra. (ll) The natural drainage characteristics of the underlying aquifer appear to be very limited and are inadequate to cope with the deep percolation losses resulting from irrigation. The nature of the underlying soils precludes the use of deep vertical and well paint drainage methods. (ill) Basud on the limited period of observations currently available the groundwater will have risen to within i metre over all of the Melka Sadi area and over approximately half of the Amibjra area within the next 14 years, if drainage is not provided. A longer period of observation may indicate further trends and, additionally, larger areas could become affected within this time scale with the proposed extension of irrigated agriculture nr. the Amibari area. Civ) H tgh grouudwater tables within a metre or so of the surface and associated salinity induce substantial crop losses and the eventual abandonment of land. 1(v) The Existing irrigation practices and level of ranagetnent in the area can be improved by strengthening the management organisation of the Middle Awash Agricultural Enterprise and State F*r=* ''nd by introducing additional flow measurement facilities. (vi) Temporary surface waterlogging, induced by low porosity, compact soil layers, micro topographical variations and uneven distribution of irrigation water results in significant yield losses. Improved yields can be achieved by regular sub-soiling and land grading. (vii) The Pilot Drainage field trials, conducted to date, have confirmed the effectiveness of perforated PVC drainage pipes in Lowering and controlling the watertable and nave shown chat the Locally won volcanic red-ash is an appropriate filter medium provided that its long term performance is confirmed by Eurcher observation and testing. Soils in the area within which detailed field studies were carried qu. can be divided into three sain drainability classes related to soil texture and structure. With the exception of the deeper clay anc silty clay areas the soils can be drained by lateral drains with design spacings varying from 30 a to 110 m and a depth or 1.8 metres* (lx) The use of PVC in drainage pipes is the most appropriate in the circumstances of Amibara. Importation o: these pipes and particularly the larger diameters required for collector drains is very expensive because of high transport costs. Manufacturing plant for PVC pipe production can be purchased and installed in or near to the study area. (*} The disposal of surface and subsurface drainage flows by a gravity outfall into the Awash River is technically feasible. Pumping of drainage flows dues noL appear warranted nor desiraula. (xi) ins Lal lit ton of subsurface drains using trenching machines is faster, less expensive and less damaging to the soil than any ocher method. 4(xix) The provision of subsurface drainage in the area producing high value cotton and bananas is economically justified. The incremental production Erom lower value crops such as pasture or maise would not io itself validate the Additional cost of drainage although other factors could influence the decision, such as the social benefit to settlers etc. (xiii) The Awash flood levels as predicted from mathematical modelling techniques indicate that raising of rhe river flood dykes in parts of rhe Ami bar a area is necessary. Limited realignment of these dykes would also be required. (xiv) Hie presently adopted irrigation schedules and application amounts can be improved. 2 - 2 aecpmmendationa The principal recommendations include the following: (i) The Masterplan for the surface and subsurface drainage or the entire study area should comprise an integrated gravity network of drains using the existing outlet into the Awash River together with one further outlet which would be constructed downstream [north) of rhe project area boundary. Strengthening and extension of the Awash and the Eastern Catchment flood dykes is reccmtnended in the Masterplan* ( i i ■' [Mediate arrangements should be made for the installation of subsurface drainage works3 together with essential surface drainage where not already provided, for a aec irrigable area ot 4740 ha within the Melka Sadi and Anibara sections of the study area. This project is defined a: the Stage I development. For expediency the Stage T Works should be installed by contract*(ill) (iv) (v) (vi) Special manufacturing plant, appropriate for the production of corrugated PVC pipes should he purchased and coraaisaioned on site for the production of drainage pipes, which should be installed using trenching machines. Additional farm machinery; tractors] Bubsoiling and laser controlled grading equipiaenc should be purchased and utilised Co reduce the extent ot surface waterlogging and increase crop yields. A monitoring and evaluation procedure should be instituted co determine the need tor and timing of further drainage stages as well as assessing the effectiveness of the Stage t Works when installed. Additions to site staff and clarification of lines of communicaclqu and responsibility within WRDA are suggested. Thih report confirms recommendations of previous studies that experienced cechoical/managerial staff in the irrigation and drainage field should oe recruited to the xliddle Awash Agricultural Enterprise and State Farms. (vii) Revised irrigation schedules to cotton and bananas are proposed. (viii) The continuation of the HeLka Sadi Pilot Area trials is advocated as well as tne establishment of further trials on heavy clay soils in Ajaibara to assess the requirements and viability ot draining such (lx) soils - Ten observation wells should be installed in Cno northern sector of the study area to provide coverage for monitoring groundwater levels and salinities. 63 THE MASTER DRALMAGE PLAN 3*1 Main Cawponeftts The engineering teacures of the drainage network recommended to achieve surface and subsurface drainage of the entire study area are as follows: (i) The installation of buried field lateral drains, at an average depth of I.B nt beLow ground, to achieve adequate control of the groundwater cable during irrigation and to 1 unit the rise at salts during fallow periods. (ii) The conveyance of drainage water from laterals, through buried collector drains, into deep open drains* (ul) The construction of in-field and tertiary surface drains to remove surlace flows, derived from canal rejections, excess irrigations and rainfalL. (iv) The deepening of existing secondary drains and the Amihara Irrigation Project primary drain as well as the construction of additional deep □pen drains to carry surface and subsurface flows. tv) The construction of a new main drain outfall to che Awash in Angele Is <vi) The realignment and heightening ot parts of the Awash flood dyke in Lower Amibara and its extension into Angelele to the proposed drain outfall. (vil) The extension of the Eastern Catchment flood dyke and drain, to the northern Limit of the study area. tvilli The installation ot ten observation wells in the Amibara Extension Area. 71 The Master Drainage Plan Layout is shown in Figure 2, The agricultural component of the Master Drainage Plan comprises the provision of tractors* sub-soiling and land grading equipment. To achieve the desirable accuracy in land grading lc is proposed that the scrapers, which would be towed by tractors* would be laser controlled- Improvements are also recommended to the water management practices* irrigation schedules find application amounts. 3 - 2 Development Programme The implication of the current groundwater observations is that, under irrigation, watertables will continue to rise throughout the study area until ultimately most if not all of the land is affected. Projections based on the observed rates of rite show that, without drainage, all or the Malka Sadi and aver half of the Am bar* area will have watertables within I eetre of the ground and substantial portions of such areal will have been abandoned or* at best, suffer seriously depleted yields. In Anibara the rate of rise may increase as G result of the planned onset of irrigation in the Extension Area. Equally, in view of Che tact that irrigation in much of the area is a comparatively recent development, the races of groundwater rise say not yet have stabilised and coul increase. It is accordingly considered prudent, tor present planning purposes, to assume chat the implementation period would be Limited to the forthcoming 15 years, noa 1985 to 2000. Based on this premise, an indicative development programme for the Master Drainage Flan is included as Figure 3. This programme can be conveniently divided into three five year inplementat ion periods* Subsequent monitoring should Lead to continuous review and reappraisal ot the areas requiring drainage and their timing. The iniciaL areas requiring subsurface drainage in the period 1985 * 1990, comprising 4740 ha net* are defined as the Stage I areas. The extent oC the Stage I area i* the minimum required commensurate with the rate of rise of I groundwater tables an assumed early and rapid implementation. S4. THE STAGE I DEVELOPMENT 4.1 Mam Component The Stage I development, recommended for immediate implementation, provides for the installation o£ subsurface drainage works in those areas currently seriously aEfecttd by high witertables and salinity as well as areas which are predicted to become so affected during the implementation period. The development comprises 2660 ha in Meika Sadi, including the Banana Unit, ind 2080 ha in the western section of Anibars, encompassing the bulk of the Amibara Settlement Farm and smaller sections of the Melka Warer Research Station, Aigeta and Melka Warer State Fanns. Engineering works to be implemented under Stagu I include the following: (i) 1000 km approximately at 60 mm di* PVC lateral subsurface drain with Eilter turraund, (n) 145 km if PVC collector subsurface drams 15U to 300 »ra diameter k Uii) (iv) Deepening and enlarging 38 km. of exis r mg secondary and sain drains as well as construction of 14 km of new deep open drams , 209 new and replacement culverts and minor bridges > and 33 new surface drainage outfalls into secondary md □a in drains, (v) Surface drainage provision or improvement to 2900 ha net! (vi) hodiiicatian to existing secondary canal and field offtakes for improved water measurement. The project also incorporates improvements to land planing and subsoiling to reduce surface vacerlogging and salinity. 94.2 Imp Lemontat ion Method Programme and Organisation t The subsurface drains most commonly used worldwide are made of extruded PVC pipes, corrugated for strength and slotted co allow water entry. Pipes ot this type are obtainable relatively cheaply in a number of European countries where there is usually a pipe making factory within a reasonable distance and transport costs are small. Where however the importation of pipes from Europe to Ethiopia is considered the transport costs are very high because of the bulk of the pipet, especially the larger diameter collectors. In recognition of Chis factor a number of manufacturers produce and market specially designed plant which can be installed on site or at some other suitable location. Such plant is expensive hut coat comparisons indicate it to be the preferred solution. Once operating this plant would have appreciable spare cater for other subsurface drainage needs in Ethiopia. utilised, with rhe purchase of additional components, smooth walleu PVC pressure pipes for which there is a capacity, sufficient co The plant could also be far the manufacture of Large demand in Ethiopia. Further studies would be required Alternative methods □£ installing the report. It is concluded that before pursuing this latter aspect. rhe subsurface drainage system ire reviewed trenching machines made specially for this t: £ L in purpose, and which are in common use throughout the world, provide the only technically and economically acceptable method. The installation by conventional plant and the intensive practicable nor economic. system and the realignment and conventional plant of the type Lt is envisaged that the Stage Local or international contractors* Excavation of the surface alternatives, which include use of labour, are neither and deep main drainage strengthening of dykes can be done using which has recently been used on site. I Works would be undertaken by contract open The purchase, installation and conoiS3 lulling of Che major Lterns of plant and equipment should also he wad* responsibility of the main contractor otherwise the alternatives are likely 'ead to difficulties and dims .should any breakdowns and consequent delays incurred. E L to the I co beIn view of the urgency to imp1esent the Stage I Works j •tight, schedule has been proposed. This envisages the Government arranging the funding for the works and awarding a contract within one year. Tender documents and drawings for the works have been prepared and are available for issue to tenderers. A four and a half year construct ion programme is envisaged with much of the first year being taken up with the purchase and conmns loning of the specialised plant for pipe manufacture and drain-laying* An average subsurface drainage installation rate oE 1350 ha per year is required with a peak installation rate of 1800 ha. Such a rate should be achieved by the use of two trenching machines operating for a seven month period during the year. Any significant slippages in commencing or carrying out the works, should such occur, could result xn the need to extend the implementation area and/or accelerate the rare of progress by mobilising additional machinery or by working for a more extended period within each year* The proposed implementation schedule for Stage I is given in Figure 4. The installation oi rhe works should be supervised by VRDA staff assisted by international consultants experienced in subsurface drainage design and installations. A supervisory staff of five engineers, including an experienced Resident Sagmeer. five inspectors, a Chief Surveyor and two survey teams is proposed. As there ls a long term need tor further implementation of drainage works the "J RD A staff could directly supervise subsequent stages with the experience gained during Stage t. These subsequent stages could be carried out either by contract or by a direct Labour organisation. 4 .J Organisation, and Management It is proposed that the organisation of the Project Control Centre would be strengthened by the addition of a drainage sub-unit within the existing Operation and Maintenance Unit. This sub-unit would undertake responsibility lor the operation and specialised maintenance requirements of all subsurface drainage. The responsibility tor the maintenance of all deep open drains would also be retained by the PCC. Responsibility for surface field and tertiary drains would remain that of the benefiting entity, for example. State Farm Units. 114 *4 Mom Cor jag and Evaluation The ne<*d for and timing of further subsurface drainage works will be determined from results of observation! carried out on groundwater and salinity levels and on the performance of the installed Stage I Works. A systematic approach to the monitoring and evaluation of results, well as the preparation and planning of Lutcher stages is required, baled on the following fundamental element*; (i) Regular monitoring af groundwater levels, salinity levels, performance oc installed drains including quality of return flows and siltation level! and monitoring of environmental health aspects, (ii) Assessment of the time scale by which drainage will be required based on review of monitored values, leading to the delineation of farther areas requiring drainage, (iii) Completion of detailed soil survey for drainnbilicy classification in areas delineated in (ii) above, (ivj Completion of topographic survey for detailed designs, (v) Economic and cmancial evaluation to justify the proposed drainage works , (vi) Detailed engineering designs and cost estimates, incorporating any changes consequent on the performance of the Stage I works, (vii) Preparation of tender documents. The monLtoring would be carried out by the PGC staff including Che additional staff recruited co Che proposed drainage sub-unit tor the operation and maintenance function. The participation or the Institute of Agriculture Research staff as welL as State Farms would be fundament al- 12A specific Line of responsibility, connunications ind decision uking is proposed within VRDA with the creation of a pose of Monitoring and Evaluation Engineer (part-time) and the foroiation of a Drainage Review Cooeittee. The above recocnzaendations and guidelines are expanded upon in Annex I. 135. COST ESTIMATES 5 »1 Stage I Development Cos La The engineering cose estimates for the project have been built up using labour, plant and Material components- It has been assumed chat the works would be implemented by contractor and appropriate provision has been made tor overheads and profits. Prices of the specialised pipe manufacturing plant, trenching machines, etc were obtained from suppliers with appropriate allowances made for shipping and spares and these prices have seen incorporated as the plant component in deriving the unit rates tor individual items of worn* Foreign exchange components of unit costs were derived for plant, materials, overheads and profits, distinguishing in the latter two elements between a local and a foreign contractor. A ten per cent addition was made to construction costs to cover supervision. A physical contingency allowance of ten percent was also attributed to all costs. A suoury of rhe Stage I costs is given in Table I, both in 1984/85 and in current prices with appropriate allowances being made for price contingencies. The development coats tor the engineering works total BLrr 34.373 million, or approximately Birr 7252/ha (USS 3502/ha) in 1984/85 prices. 5.2 Hast er plan Development Costs Engineering cost estimates tor the development of surface and subsurface drainage in the study area of 14,200 ha net over a fifteen year implementation period are given :n Table 2. The unit races used in deriving these cos: estimates are based on the Stage I coats. The total development cost is estimated at approximately Birr 85 million, or 89 million with provision for housing for the additional operation and maintenance staff. These totals do not include tor supervision of construction nor physical contingencies. Allowing ten per cent for each of these components the total Masterplan costs at 1984/85 prices would amount to Birr 108 million approxiinately* The foreign exchange ccfliponenc ot the local is estimated to be in the order of 42 percent, or Birr 45 million, assuming Lraplemenc at ion by Local contractor. 14U|M * I • tf | * • *■ ntj.rid *U I • t " ! 1 J * H fc K T * . w J* *• * * ‘ '■■ ' st r< i. *, .'Ff»i».; a. „,. .. jf. ,*» *** • *- it*- t-r*x - 0?7 fu i 1;N> ? ■ J T‘- - 1 v’1 t•I ♦ Jib ♦ -»F4^v ”7i 4 « C?UM’ »>• P« $ f«^2 ; ’ * «n ■* t ■r|gt*►>►/ < rT£i T . *■_- *< - tF*: PPH •♦it* a; 1 EF« ’ ;i vli UH I *rut tivf J * >i * *PM 1 tv<i* rini UOlfeP^ pjt: tt-d tu t r ■ wt lb? PI * J&394U* uf’a les All 9| * :r^g t :;ta* IK XOlU - pti j V dm r *- * ri-f] t n 1 1 tpori dpv -dR : ai ", <•<♦ pr; anaobi ’Tt»O«D*4 I TimOi J(i M ‘ iii’M jtU’ 4] l r&n KWim *4.3 tel; t1 L ^fcCc ' PhUT I’1? 31 4O( Irin i»M3 jo; •tpin * dgv vi Mju **jF4iHT<i |p *«rviHfa jty "wnca *c>f • tput i tnqsy* tun 4 tmpcjd 4 «■« 1 aditsue X2i»r *u,- £0 uoisiim j v d*o 1 L 51411 i^haoiji? 1 >ui vcitaft a<i pfruodcjd tj«* »«X »va sr«fc put i>pt l>pi 3 =>npoj<S MT«iu»3in *u; »jnu»Hi un* lOCt |i p*:t’7'Cty t.-iHji; FUt ijJr.ZFtC 'Wlkit aU(»3)C3 p*»l4duo3 put asb 4-^i £g -tit; uo p**r<; m pps^jvur pvodcijd puilw* 'p«mivih FKj»:3»d tr per; *ai jru*; • 1 mwuu id SV) wfuj auwa»iaj*S u*«a> <143 vivpi* 'stsrrn ;c i-3Ti»pojd ]jt-^ pi -l^n lututy ipr$ **M3 uJUStui 91 'vbtpitap &:ia ZP^» iia- rc;i:;i£ ««& p«*7 3>iijiup.> ©s xt2t«*-zx“ ®t^a bp ucsaoa »»npc<jd 03 XPtjcd auttdjid *qt up ptwt^ * tuci stun f iiefoid taiwij)}A, put pwidupi* *a*m mAjtui aiwouuau put jtrauuuij tqj. tIS/IVtrt 9!hW035 UKV WWflt 9Separate financial analyses have been carried out on the Helka Sadi and Acibara sections of the Stage I area. For Melka Sadi the FIRR of 15.8X and KPV of Birr 11.55 million reflects the ability under drainage to reclaim and replant the whole of the Banana Unit, coupled with substantial yield increases from the cotton crop. The returns from the Amibara Stage 1 area are less attractive ranging from a FIRR of 3.5X and NPV of Birr minus 6.1 million for the simplified dairy enterprise to 15.6X and Birr 6.7 million respectively for the all cotton alternative within the ASP lands. For the combined Melka Sadi and Axnibara Stage I areas the corresponding values for FIRR and NV? range from 11.9X and Birr 5.42 million to 15.8Z and Birr 18.27 million for che above alternatives. The economic analysis indicates che effect of the project on the national economy. The overall project with its originally proposed land use pattern and an intensive dairy enterprise produces an EIRR of 16.OX and a HPV of Birr 15.53 million, contrasting with 15.5 and Birr 13.95 million for che simplified dairy enterprise. With the all cotton alternative in ASP the EIRR and NPV are 19.8Z and Birr 26.94 million respectively. For these EIRRs co be reduced co che opportunity cost of capital (10Z) the value of benefits would need to fall by 19Z, 18Z or 28X respectively, or coses to rise by 24*, 2lXor 38Z for che above alternatives. A summary of the economic and financial analyses is given in Table 3. 16TAfilX I - SL»WRY OF : I*MST<NT COSTS item Vocal Zantractar Local Foreign Total FI - ---------- Birr (Million)---------------------- 4 ocai Foreign Contr actor F□reign Total - Birr [ Mil linn)- - FT - - 5 A Malka Sadi Stage 1 Ares Engineering works 9.42 6.36 IA.78 43 5.56 9.22 :a.?8 62 F atm Mich Lnery/E qulp««nt XJM n. 33 0. 37 90 0.04 0.33 0. 37 TO 5ut>-total B. 42” 6. 69 m? n TT T7TT TO? PMreLeel Contingency D.34 0.64 1.46 43 0.56 0.92 1.46 6Z rOTAL (1904/85 Prices} ~TTT rn 16-6? n 6.16 10. *7 16 ZT S .MlltXare Stage I Area £nqjn<Tering -forks 9.73 6.7* 16.47 41 6. 56 9-91 16,47 Farm Mathinary/Equlprnent 0,05 0, 3* 0.27 90 0. 03 .24 0.27 Sub-total 9- 76 o.M 16. 74 TT 6. TUTT KT Phyeieel Contingency 0.97 0.67 1.65 41 0.66 0.99 1.65 TOTAL (1984/85 Prices} 1D-7J ~T^ 19. J9 xr 11,14 16.39 C Khcla Project ■ 19S4/B5 Prlcet) ZD. J] J 14.90 35.02 43 13.41 21.61 35.02 62 0 Price Contingencies 8- 37 5.23 U.6J 38 J. bQ 7.54 U. 14 57 I <xjle Project (Current Price*; 28. 40 20.21 48.63 £L 19.01 29,15 49.16 6C M3 IE: Miner var lbtiona from totalq m Annalew d<B to ru tndlnq SOURCE: 'Zoneultant'a Estlmatae IN Eid 3£- ?iiiii I U0VS1RITUDS PERIOD I A-IHAHA (KI FftKA 5*21 AM I BAR* Im’PMA fDMPO*£Nf SIM Star art DRAINAGE 1 I 1 i I F leld laterals •“ 1 4.91) 3,472 477 | 4,293 7,693 1 »7| 3,033 650 1 5.H5O 1 202 1 1 291 l,me 1,70/ 1 499 1 TOi 335 1 47 | 3,1)15 1.990 I Col lector ara;n$ Bj 1 f.l 1 nl 1,572 92 i 3,850 1 I beep open ttams (it * IL’’. 1 3 :.a | 1,966 252 1 2,692 ii? J 7BA 1170 1 12,05] 1 52 1 366 1 6 1 I Htodify existing rulverts (No | •» 1 775 3| 197 41 430 ?l 16 J -1 I Modify existing <n«m nutfalls 145 19 , 94 I 1 | I1 41 -»,491 2,972 63 111 23 ( n<i :■ i 22 1 12*. 11 1 6? D| I Hmld crainagc culverts (M«») | -1 - 17 1 1,147 •1 - 21 S44 11 I Build road bridges (No) | -1 - -1 - -1 -1 31 I Observation Wells <•/ I (No) 1 1 1 - la 1 120 1 -1 1 ■ •1 -I 1 342 - 1 709 - 1 .1 1 I Sift! ACT DRAINAGE 1 1 1 1 I I Tertiary and f ir 1 d I Build tertiary and I Build Pun> Station (ha) (No) (No) (No) 1 Dza I 617 1 1974 | 2,222 1 11 1 1189 1 1,094 1 950 1 ■74 1 -1 - Field drain culver tn 4/ M 1 593 55 1 976 - 1 - 1 4?| 623 331 499 1 I Modify canal offtakes far nvuuurrmerit I FLOOD DYKFS 1 1 -1 •1 1 I 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 | • 1 -1 1 1 1 1 15 7 U | 1»1 1-1 1.446 824 -1 71 1 174 11 61 1 63 43 77 I | Eanrqency Spillway Dyke I A>esii Western Dyke (•*"•) (Ina) 1 -1 -1 1 1 4 | 31B 1-1 1-1 1 10 | 11 11 11 1-1 - 69 -1 -1 | 1 - - -1 - 1 13 1 1 1 1 -1 - 431 - • 89 1 - 1 11 1 11 1-1 1-1 - 1 17 I 3.131 1 21 I Eastern Dyke 1-1 - (Im) -1 - 1- 1 -1 i l 1-1 1 81 2,433 - • - I L ’1 I I to rat rnsi | CUMHAFIVF IO1AL V | '_______________ I SOILS 1/ All coats are at 19H4/85 prices without provision for construction cuiervialon, nor • low» ^ f l rx Qr phyaicBl contingencies nar for l',,latl°"Se< l|<jr . 2.2-2) 2/ Ttus grand total dies not incluir Birr 1.9 million to cover for the pmsihle constriction Of interceptor drams along th** pr*Mr* c-nal {ScC ** 3/ For existirvj Ambara irrigation Project Areas only 4/ 5/ Sot included in 5tage I development costs Housing mat* for additional oprrat ion and •*;*•« nance staff not included *n atwve total*. based on an estimated cost of Birr pro-rata coat of housing fur the entire o-vele-would t*- in the order of Birr 4.1 *4ll*on l.J million <t»r Stage 1 only, theTABLE 3 - SUMMARY OF FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC ANALYSIS FINANCIAL | ECONOMIC I !____ _____ -J_________ I FIRR NPV airr Million EIRE KPV | 1I 1: 1 I Birr Million | I ' Melka Sadi Stage t 1 1 1 1 1 1 15.8 I M .55 I 20.5 1 17.95 I I 1 Aid i bar a Stage 1 I l 1 1 I I Original Proposal 1/ 6.2 -4.0 1 1 7.4 I -2.4 i ASP - Simplified Dairy Enterprise 1 3.5 -6.1 1 5-3 -4.0 | 1 ASP - 1001 Cotton 1 15.6 6.7 18.6 9.0 | I AS? - Catton, Maize. Pasture 111.1 1.3 I 13.0 3.0 I Ii 11 1 | Combined Stage I 1 ■ I 11 1 . 16.3 11 1 Original Proposal 1/ | 12.5 7.56 15.53 , 1 ASP -* Simplified Dairy Enterprise | 11.3 5.42 ,15.5 13.95 1 ASP - LOOX Cotton | 15.8 13.27 | 19.3 26.94 | ASP - Cotton, Maize, Pasture 14.2 12.34 1 17.3 20.56 1/ Cotton, Maize, Vegetables, Forestry and Pasture with intensive dairy product ionFIGURE l MASTER DRAINAGE PLAN FOR MELKA SAQt AND AMI0ARA AREAS STUDY AREA LOCATION OWiLU Kortume Swamp Z Mt ZEhO'iw 'ANGELELE Doda Si Ian Swamp & iMe i«u' wa -*r (Amibon Irr ■=ru#er H'.Ql , ALLEOEGMi ME5SEM-KEBENA Dire Dowd iMM/ f Wl Cental* ** irilO' Awash Station Met ohoro AdOi 5 Abate icidii AbaDC ME^ArlARA LE^NO -—— All weOThar aaod ■------- Track u»— Railway | — River Elacmc power line . J Slutty area li-ftfej Existing devewmem SIR WILLJAM HAL.CROW & PARTNERS JULY <9852=£ Jr=^ S=j r] IMPtE MfcMIATftOH pt KIDDS I9»5 - 1990 iSUGE I) 1990 1995 1995 - ?000 01 OCX (a)m£Lka Sadi (?) AMI BAH A (§)MEL KA SADI (g) AMlBAllA (f)AMlOAAA EXTENSION (f) AMlBAllA (G)AMIBaHA EXTENSION N£! AfiEAS - 2G6O ho - ZOOO ho - ISau lid | 4 <40 Im - 3050 Im | 5330 Im - USD Im J -Z54O Im I -1370 ha | } 3910 Im MASTER DRAINAGE PLAN FOR MELKA SARI AND AMIHARA AREAS MASTER DRAINAGE PLAN INDICATIVE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME oj IOIAL 14,200 Im 5k Wdlluiii IkilcrowB ParlhelE Julv 1985 FIGUREFIGURE 4 SIR WILLIAM HALCROW 3 PARTNERS JULY 1985 L±=a i it i_ u I y i u i w i to l—y i y i b lj i * ( j < i <—t t—/ e—J j PROPOSED IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE FOR STAGE 1 i i r 1986 | 1987 I ir | I ACTIVITY |_ | CALENDER YEAH I 1I I 1 l-RUJECT YEAR t I ArMnjji! Funding Tender & Award at CurLract Main & Secondary Drain Deepening incl Structure* Subsurlace Drainage * In-Field 6 Col tec ten s Surface DrainLigc System including Structures AMIHARA I Construct New Hain Drain, | Deepening of Existing Secondary I Di a ins inc I Structures Subsurface Drainage j In-Field & Collectors Surface Drainage System including S truce Lire a Area Under Sub^uiface Ora triage Annual Het Total - La 1060 I LUO mo Cuinuldtivu Nut Total 1060 2660 1990
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