Amibara Irrigation Project II - Master Drainage Plan Proposal Summary

GOVERNMENT OF ETHIOPIA AMIBARA IRRIGATION PROJECT II
MASTER DRAINAGE PLAN FOR
MELKA SADI AND AMIBARA AREAS
JANUARY 1984
Executive Director
Amibara Irrigation Project Office
P.O.Box 2338
Addis Ababa
Ethiopia
Sir William Halcrow & Partners Consulting Engineers
Burderop Park Swindon
Wiltshire SN4 OOD United KingdomGOVERNMENT OF ETHIOPIA AMIBARA IRRIGATION PROJECT II
PROPOSAL FOR CONSULTANCY SERVICES
MASTER DRAINAGE PLAN FOR
MELKA SADI AND AMIBARA AREAS
JANUARY 1984
Executive Director
Amibara Irrigation Project Office
P.O.Box 2338
Addis Ababa
Ethiopia
Sir William Halcrow & Partners
Consulting Engineers
Burderop Park Swindon
Wiltshire SN4 OQD United KingdomSIR WILLIAM HALCRCW & PARTNERS
BURDETOPPARK SWINDON WILTSHIRE SN4 OOD
Wead OAco Sxxtands London 88 T)
Ou '*' hw/ads
Dear Dr Zewdie
AMIBARA IRRIGATION PROJECT II
Proposal for Master Drai-ige Plan for Melka Sadi and Amibara Areas
CONSULTING ENGINEERS
Teeohorw ‘Ohana
0793012479
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44&M i A/0 HALW1L G)
23 January 1984
We have pleasure in submitting our proposal for consultancy services
required for the preparation of a Master Drainage Plan for the Melka Sadi
and Amibara areas. The proposal has been prepared in response co your
invitation of 4 November 1983, and takes full account of the detailed and comprehensive Terms of Reference which accompanied your letter of
invitat ion.
The proposal has been prepared on the basis of the work being divided into
three phases covering identification, study - leading to the Masterplan -
and detailed design. The work has been programmed to be completed in
twelve months from the order to commence. On the understanding chat you anticipated an early start to the work we have used rates which we can
hold firm until 30 June 1985. Thus we are able to submit the proposal for
acceptance up to 30 June 1984 after which we would reserve the right to
re-negotiate the cost of later parts of the work. Early acceptance will
also make it easier to ensure that the staff nominated take part in the
work, but as usual we must reserve the right to make staff subsitutions if
these become unavoidable.
We would draw your attention to the fact that Che costs of Che proposal do
not contain any provision for office accommodation and facilities in Addis
Ababa and on site; nor for living accommodation on site; transport to,
from and on site; nor for Ethiopean staff, all of which we consider could
be more economically provided by AIP office.
The proposal contains two suggested payment programmes, one being an
advance payment followea by lump sum payments at the end of each of the
three phases mentioned above. The other being an advance payment followed
by lump sum payments monthly. The latter works out less costly to the
client as it contains less financing charges and at £ 539,960 is £ 16,200
less overall chan the former. We believe this will be attractive co you.
We would like payment co be made in pounds sterling.
We    hope    Chis    proposal    is    of    interest    to    you    and    will    be    pleased any aspect of it you wish.
to discuss
Yours sincerely
Ajaocuns
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-CTAMI BARA IRRIGATION PROJECT II MASTER DRAINAGE PLAN
PROPOSAL FOR CONSULTANCY SERVICES
Concents
Pajje
1         INTRODUCTION ANDSUMMARY OF PROPOSAL
APPRECIATION OF REQUIREMENTS
2.1      Terms of Reference
2.2      Sackground
2.3      Scope and Objectives
METHOD OF APPROACH
3.1      General Approach
3.2      Soil Studies
3.2.1        Identification of Priority Areas
3.2.2        Soil Survey 
3.2.3-      Soil Classification and Mapping 
3.2.4       Reclamation
3.3      Hydrology 
3.3.1        Crop Water Requirements and Irrigation Schedules
•     3.3.2       Irrigation Water Quality 
3.3.3        Drainage Coefficients and Design Discharges
1
2
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2
5
7
7
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- Il
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3.3.4        Eastern Catchment Discharges and Awash River                  Levels                 15
3.4      Agriculture
3.4.1        Identification and Outline Recommendations
3.4.2        Cropping Alternatives and Irrigation Practices
16
16
173.5      Engineering
3.5.1       Engineering Surrey
3.5.2     In-field Drainage
3.5.2       Surface Drainage
3.5.4       Construction Implementation and Management
3.6       Economic Analyses
3.7      Environmental Health
4 ORGANISATION AND STAFFING
4.1     Organisation
4.2     Consultants' Staff
4.3     Client's Staff
4.4     Support Facilities Required by Consultants
4.4.1 Accommodation
4.4.2 Transport
4.4.3 Office Facilities
4.4.4 Other Services
5         COSTS AND PAYMENT
5.1     Genera 1
5.2     Payment Programme 1
5.3     Payment Programme 2
5.4     Preferred Payment Programme
FIGURES:
Fig I               Project Area Layout
Fig 2              Activity Programme
Fig 3              Staff Programme
Fig 4              Accommodation and Transport Requirements
Appendix A Terms of Reference
Appendix       B       Curricula       Vitae       of       Consultants’       personnel       assigned to the Contract
Page No
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301         INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY OF PROPOSAL
Introduction
In response to the invitation from the Executive Director of Amibara Irrigation Project in his letter of 4 November 1983, Sir William Halcrow S Partners have prepared the following proposal for Consultancy services for Che preparation of a Master Drainage Plan for the areas specified in the Terms of Reference.
Because soil science, agriculture and economic analyses form a significant
part of the work required, Sir William Halcrow & Partners would draw on the expertise available within ULG Consultants Ltd on these subjects. The two firms have worked together on irrigated agricultural development projects for many years. In particular our associate company. Halcrow-ULG Ltd, has provided technical assistance on the agricultural aspects of Che implementation of the Amibara Irrigation Project since 1980. In addition, specialists from ULG Consultants Ltd are responsible for the current soils and drainage investigations and pilot farm in Melka Sadi.
Summary of Proposal
In order co place the Masterplan and Study in its historical context, a summary of Che background to the study and the current state of drainage in the developments at Melka Sadi and Amibara, is given.
Based on this, and making full use of all existing reports, documents and data, the proposal approaches the work in three distinct but partially over-lapping phases, namely Identification, Study and Masterplan, and Detailed Design (see Figure 2).
In Phase I, (2i months), the overall drainage requirements would be identified and an Outline Masterplan prepared for discussion and direction of subsequent studies.
1Phase 2 (7$ months) would consist of in-depth studies and the preparation of outline designs for all work considered necessary under the Masterplan throughout the area. When the main elements of the field study are completed, an Interim Report on the principal recommendations would be prepared for discussion and agreement, prior to the submission of the_Final Study Report and
i a Masterplan for drainage requirements^to the year 2000.
_____
j IrI.n--P--h--as--e---  3 (2 months). Chose works considered essential during the first five
r.
i years of
j prepared
'i
the Masterplan would
and an estimate made
be designed in
of the cost of
The organisation proposed and
staffing (both
detail. Tender documents would be
the works.
Consultants and Clients) required
to     carry     out     this     work     are     described     and     detailed, work and the proposed method of payment are given.
Finally the costs of the
22         APPRECIATION OF REQUIREMENTS
2.1     Terms of Reference
The Terms of Reference are comprehensive and the Consultants, with a long involvement in project study, design and implementation in the area, would carry them out as stipulated.
Copies of the Letter of Invitation and Terms of Reference are provided in Appendix A.
Subsequent to receipt of the Terms of Reference telex communications have been received and exchanged which provide further guidance on the work required. Copies of these documents are also included in Appendix A.
2.2     Background
Reconnaisance and feasibility studies^of the Amibara Project area were carried out between 1962 and 1971 and included soil surveys and land classification for irrigation suitability. In October 1975 the Consultants presented their report
□n hydropedological studies.2' These latter studies were undertaken to determine the effect of intensive irrigation on water table levels, salinity and
waterlogging of surface soils and to assess leaching practices which might be required to maintain favourable salt balances.
17             - Report on Survey of the Awash River Basin - UNDP/FAO 1965
Melka Sadi - Amibara Irrigation Project, Feasibility Study - ITALCONSULT 1969
Melka Sadi - Amibara Irrigation Project, Additional Soil Survey - ITALCONSULT 1971
2/ Amibara Irrigation Project - Hydropedological Studies - Report by Sir William HaLcrow S Partners and Hunting Technical Services Ltd, October 1975.
3A principal conclusion of the hydropedoLogical report was that deep percolation necessary to maintain the salt balance, together with losses during water conveyance and field application, would result in a rise in ground water levels
to the extent that sub-surface drainage could bo required about 5 years after
the implementation of irrigation.
The World Bank Appraisal Report of April 1977 recognised this situation and indicated that the precise location, riffling and density of additional drainage facilities would be determined by drainage investigations and water tabLe monitoring initiated under the project. The cost of providing sub-surface
drainage was included in the economic analyses but not in the project
financing.
A plan of the project area is provided in Figure 1. Project construction commenced in mid-1978, comprising the development of some 7,200 ha of new land for cotton irrigation and the conversion from pumped co gravity supply of three existing farms - the Melka Sadi Agricultural Estate, the AVSA Settlement Farm and the IAR Research Farm - totalling same 3,000 hectares. The Amibara Irrigation Project does not, however, include work in the existing state farms
at the northern end of the area although these are to be included in the
t
studies of drainage now proposed.
In     1980     the     existing     sparse     network     of     observation     wells     was     supplemented     bv     th addition of approximately 50 wells as part of the irrigation project
construction      works.      The      monitoring      of      all      observation      wells      has      since      been      the responsibility of the AIP Project Control Centre.
In the Melka Sadi Agricultural Estate (MSAE - previously the MAESCO private plantation established in 1971) it wat recognised in 1975-76 that irrigation of bananas had resulted in dramatic and, in places, damaging rises of groundwater Levels. Between March and September 1981 detailed field studies were carried out in the estate and these were later extended, at a lower density of
observation, to cover the remainder of the McLka Sadi area and the Amibara area The results were presented in early 1982, with an addendum volume subsequent to
4receipt of comments from World Bank.1/ The reports described above provided
inter alia preliminary details for sub-surface drainage of MSAE, proposed a
Pilot Area drainage scheme in MSAE to provide data on drainage criteria,
construction methods and materials, and reviewed the time scale of drainage
requirements in remaining areas. A 30 hectare Pilot Scheme has been constructed
as planned and is being closely monitored. Further short term assistance from
the Consultant's drainage expert is currently envisaged for the interpretation
of data being collected.
The Consultant's drainage and salinity study identified areas where high water
tables and salinity were becoming a problem in Che AVSA Settlement Farm and in
the pump supplied State Farms - Algeta. Ambash and Sublale. These farms,
together with the IAR Research Farm, were established in Che late 1960's and are
still without surface drainage systems.
After four years of irrigation, there is now evidence that high water tables and salinity  are becoming  a  problem in some areas newly  developed under the Project, particularly chose adjacent to MSAE.
The situation described above was discussed during a WorLd Bank supervisory visit to Ethiopia in September 1983 and led to the invitation from the AIP
office of WRDA, fully endorsed by the World Bank, to prepare this proposal.
2.3   Scope and Objectives
As required by the Terms of Reference, the areal extent of the work would
include the new farms constructed under the Amibara Irrigation Project together with the original farms in the Melka Sadi and Amibara areas extending northwards to include the Angelele Units 2 and 3 State Farms, as shown in Figure 1.
1 Drainage and Salinity Study and Recommendations for Field Drainage, Volumes 162 (April 1982).
Volume 3 - Addendum (January 1983) - Sir William Halcrow & Partners.
5Consideration of removal of flood water and drainage rejection flows would
involve appropriate study of the Alledeghi plains catchment to the east, the
Angelele area to the north and Awash river flow levels at the western boundary
of the area.
All      factors      influencing      water      table      and      salinity      levels      would      be      studied      in      the depth necessary to provide a detailed Master Plan by whtcn:
Che rate of rise of water tables and increase in salinity could be minimised the maximum economic benefits could be obtained from lands in the area before, during and after reclamation
the phased introduction of appropriate surface and sub-surface drainage would be indicated, together with the necessary capital and operating expenditures, and recommendations on the modes of implementation.
? As part of the Masterplan, drainage works required for the reclamation of seriously affected areas, or areas likely to become so within the next 5 years,
up to a maximum of 4000 hectares would be designed in detail and all necessary I *  documentation prepared to permit invitations for tenders. The area of 4000 ha
ls the area indicated by present information.3         METHOD OF APPROACH
3.1      General Approach
The proposed Activity Programme is shown in Figure 2. The work has been divided into three distinct but partially overlapping phases:-
Phase 1, Identification, would essentially comprise data review, site
inspection, preliminary technical assessments, and discussion with farm management. This would lead quickly to the identification of priority areas and
an outline of che proposed approach co subsequent studies. At the end of this
phase a discussion paper containing an Outline Masterplan would be presented and it is proposed that this should be followed by a meeting of concerned parties to confirm the direction and emphasis of Che following studies.
Phase 2, Study and Masterplan, would comprise in-depth studies, outline design work for the entire area, economic analyses and the preparation of recommendations for management and implementation. Conclusions and recommendations would be presented in a full report, incorporating the Drainage Masterplan, at the end of this period. However, this would be preceded by a
short Interim Report, prepared as the main elements of fieLd study are
completed, intended to form a basis for agreement on the principal recommendations expected to be incorporated in the Study Report and Masterplan. The Study Report and Masterplan would be first presented as a draft document, followed by comments, discussion if necessary, and finalisation.
Soil survey and classification would be a critical activity and it is therefore anticipated chat this would commence during the first phase to enable the overall length of the study period to be minimised.
The Final Study Report and Masterplan would incorporate a short Design Report summarising the key design criteria decided during detailed design and providing guidance on the development of outline designs to detailed designs.Phase 3, Detailed Design, would entail the detailed design and preparation of draft tender documents and the Engineer’s estimate for works considered necessary during the first 5-year period of the Masterplan. Although in Figure
2 a discussion period is shown after submission of the Study Report and Masterplan, it is anticipated that the presentation of an Interim Report would enable detailed design to commence after completion of outline designs in the second phase. To allow comments on specific aspects of design and implementation an appropriate proportion of the detailed design activity is planned co be done after submission of the Study Report, together with most of the time allocated to preparation of specifications, tender documents and the Engineer's estimate.
Following comments on and approval of drafts, the work would be concluded with submission of final tender documents and drawings.
As indicated above, great importance is attached co execution of the work in well defined phases, each of which will provide opportunities (reports, discussions etc) for decision-making and revision of priorities.
Figure 2 indicates, against the phased activities, Che Terms of Reference numbers which are particularly relevant. The technical approach to each activity is discussed in the following sections.
3.2     Soil Studies
3.2.1              Identification of Priority Areas
During the first phase of the study, Leading co the presentation and discussion of an Outline Masterplan, existing data on soils and groundwater would be collected and reviewed by the Soils Specialist and Soils Reclamation Engineer, with the objective of identifying priority areas within which more detailed soil studies would be concentrated. In principle these areas are likely to be broadly defined by water table levels currently at or within 3 metres of ground level. Particular attention would be given to the data from the Melka Sadi Pilot Drainage Scheme as a basis for recommending technical priorities to be
8considered in che final Masterplan. These studies would be supported by a rapid walk-over survey of the affected areas, together with consultations with other technical specialists and with farm management where appropriate.
3.2.2                Soil Survey
A detailed soil survey would be carried out as required within the priority
areas for the first five year period identified during the Outline Masterplan
phase.
Under guidance from the Soils Specialist and in consultation with the Soils Reclamation Engineer, the survey would commence with a review of existing informal ton.i/
As the priority areas are expected to include alLuvial deposits in which complex soil patterns occur, the objective of the review would be co identify within
these areas those localities where additional soils information is needed.
either to supplement existing information or to confirm previous findings required for the purposes of drainage design.
Field observations would be carried out at a density appropriate co the level of detail required for design purposes, Caking into account existing information and soil factors. For this a maximum number of 350 observations would be carried out during the five month soil survey input, and the maximum observation density would not exceed 1 observation per hectare.
At each site the soil profile would be observed to a depth of up to 5 m, to determine soil layering, depth to impermeable layers, and the depth of gioundwater. Portable equipment would be used in the field to measure soil pH and electrical conductivity for soil horizons in the uppermost 2 m of the profile. Up to 10 per cent of the observations (maximum number 35) would be profile pits excavated to a depth of at least 2 m and located so as to reflect
Melka Sadi - Amibara Proposed Irrigation Project, Feasibility Study and Report on Additional Soil Survey - ITALCONSULT 1969 and 1971.
9the major soil associations. These would be described in detail following the
FAO Guidelines for Soil Profile Description. At selected profile pit sites,
soil physical tests would be carried out to determine infiltration into the
topsoil and permeability of major soil horizons occurring within the uppermost
2 m of the profile.
The total number of infiltration tests (assuming triplicate tests at each site)
would not exceed 60, and the number of hydraulic conductivity tests would
similarly not exceed 60.
At a few selected sites, soil samples would be taken for full laboratory
physical/chemical analyses, if considered necessary, to categorise soil salinity
and alkalinity. It is assumed that, if required, such analyses could be carried
irr
out     at     an     appropriate     soil     laboratory     within     Ethiopia;     if     this     were     not     possible the analyses could be done at an approved laboratory in the UK.
Should the complexity of soil patterns be such as to necessitate more extensive field observations at the maximum density envisaged, then this would be discussed with AIP and IDA and arrangements for the extra work agreed.
The data obtained from soil surveys described above, together with relevant information from previous studies will be used for the design of sub-surface drain depth and spacing, taking fully into account the results of trials in the Pilot Drainage area. The approach to this aspect of design is described in Section 3.5.2. In the priority areas (those requiring treatment with’n the
first 5 years of implementation) designs would be as required for the preparation of tender documents. In remaining areas existing data, correlated as far as possible with the results of additional soil surveys, would be used as Che basis for preliminary design to the level necessary for costing and economic analysis of future preventative drainage.
3.2.3             Soil Classification and Mapping
The soil classification would be undertaken in consultation with other members of the team and would be reviewed by the Soils Specialist. Maps suitable for drainage design purposes would be produced delineating soil groups, including
10depth to impermeable layers, and these would form the basis for sub-surface
drainage designs. Soil salinity characteristics would also be mapped for
reclamation study purposes. In the priority areas mapping would be based on
field observations performed during the study. Soil mapping for drainage in
other areas would be based primarily on existing data, with the results of field
observations in the priority areas taken into account where appropriate.
3.2.4              Reclamation
Existing information on soil salinity and water quality would be reviewed in
conjunction with the detailed soil survey data. Particular attention would be
given co Che results of reclamation studies currently being undertaken on the
Melka Sadi Pilot Drainage Scheme.
Leaching  requirements and procedures would be recommended for those areas where remedial sub-surface drainage was required. For these areas, the need for soil reclamation would be evaluated in consultation with the Agronomist, Caking  into account available soil laboratory analytical data.
3.3 Hydrology
3.3.1              Crop Water     Requirements and Irrigation Schedules
The major reason for both the introduction of soluble salts and the rise in groundwater level is the application of irrigation water. This therefore must
be thoroughly reviewed to ensure that as far as is practicable no more water is used than is needed for optimum crop yield and the removal of excess salts from the root zone by leaching is provided for.
Compared with the irrigation applications previously recommended by the Consultants, the indications are that in MSAE, for example, significant
over-application has taken place and this has accelerated the development of drainage and salinity problems. In the new State Farms, net water application has probably been less chan recommended although short-comings in water management and field application methods may be resulting in excessive deep
percolation.
11During the first phase of study work a review would be made, in the Consultants' Head Office, of the predicted water requirements for the principal crops
currently produced in the project area. The present predictions and recommended irrigation schedules based thereon are fully described in the Project Water Management Manual prepared by the Consultants. The review would take into account additional climatic data obtained since this work was initiated and
would utilise an in-house computer program for application of the semi-empirical Penman method for estimation of evapotranspiration. Use of the program would permit the analysis of daily data to refine predictions- Reference crop evapotranspiration calculated during the review would be used as the basis for prediction of water requirements for alternative crops where these are found to
be feasible and desirable as a result of agricultural studies in the second
phase of the programme.
Study work on irrigation schedules would be carried out on site with
contributions from both the hydrologist and the agronomist. The recommendations of the Amibara Project Water Management Manual would be reviewed in the light of the up-dated crop water requirement predictions discussed above. Additionally,
data available on actual water applications and crop yields during the first
four years of operation of the Amibara Irrigation Project wouLd be assessed and compared with accepted methods of predicting yields in response to different irrigation regimes.Irrigation schedules used by the State Farms and AVSA Settlement Farm would be discussed with farm management and the findings and views of IAR Research Station officers taken fully into account in defining,
from the above work, the optimum irrigation applications and schedules.
3.3.2              Irrigation Water Quality
The quality of the irrigation water applied in the field is obviously of direct relevance to soil chemistry, leaching practices and crop yields. The points in
the irrigation water abstraction and distribution system at which water quality must be established is different for most of the farm entities, as discussed
briefly below:
1/ Yield Response to Water - FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 33 - Rome 1979.
12For Melka Sadi Agricultural Estate (MSAE) the supply water quality is sensibly that in the Awash river at the diversion structure. Within the
estate itself quality_vill vary depending on the areas passed through by distributary canals.
For the new Melka Sadi and Amibara State Farms and for the AV SA Settlement Farm diverted water from the Awash will be conveyed in the primary canal
□nd in secondary canals adjacent to MSAE, through areas from which intrusion of saline groundwater could increase its electrical
conductivity.
For the Ambash, Algeta and Sublale State Farms, water abstracted by pumping will contain contributions from the Kessem and Kebena rivers entering the Awash downstream of the Melka Sadi diversion weir. This factor will also apply to the IAR Research Station if stand-by pumps are used during Che closed-season for the maintenance of the gravity supply network.
For the pump-supplied State Farms downstream of the new project primary drain outfall, the salinity levels in abstracted water will be increased by
the contribution from drainage water from the remainder of the project area. This will be a particularly important factor during low flow periods and when sub-surface drainage is contributing significantly to total project drainage flows.
The most detailed previous work on this aspect was by LTALCONSULT when samples were taken on the same days at Awash Station, Melka Sadi weir site, downstream of the Kessem and Kebena confluences and at Melka Warer. These indicate an average increase in total dissolved solids of 35Z between Melka Sadi and Melka Warer .nd it is postulated that this is principally due to
contributions to the Kessem and Kebena waters from hot springs. Hence, although most irrigation water is likely to fall within Che low salinity hazard range, 2/
Melka Sadi - Amibara Irrigation Project - Additional Soil Survey, LTALCONSULT, 1971
2/ Diagnosis and Improvement of Saline and Alkaline Soils - USDA Agricultural Handbook No 60
13Chat abstracted for the pump supplied faras may predominantly fall within the medium salinity hazard range. From the ITALCONSULT results Sodium Absorption Ratio also increases downstream, although all water supplied is likely Co have a
low sodium classification.
Since even waters with low salinity hazard, according to standard
»   , classifications, will contribute significant quantities of salts to irrigated
tj lands, reliable estimates of quality will be given a high priority in the study work. It is proposed that the electrical conductivity (EC) will initially be established at the critical points noted above using portable (EC) meters. At
the same time samples will be taken for full chemical analyses. Sufficient EC measurements will be taken during the study period to provide an indication of variations to be expected within a representative range of river flows.
The principal application of the results will be in the formulation of requirements for leaching. Recommended leaching practices will be such as Co result in acceptable salinity levels in drainage water in the crop root zones. These values will again be used in estimating contributions to river water salinity levels by return flow. If this is significant in respect of
abstractions downstream of the project drainage outfall, operational procedures to reduce the intake of saline water by downstream State Farms may need to be considered.
3.3.3              Drainage Coefficients and Design Discharges
Surface drainage design for areas developed under Amibara Irrigation Project II has used drainage coefficients proposed by the Consultants after earlier study
in areas adjacent to the project ^/, modified where appropriate to account for possible rejection flows due to irrigation offtake closures. The drainage channels installed on this basis are considered generally to provide adequately for the removal of storm water run-off. After the drain deepening expected to be necessary for the collection of sub-surface flows, the capability of many parts of the surface drainage system to accept storm run-off will of course be
V Angelele and Bolhamo Feasibility Study Report - Sir William Halcrow & Partners, Hunting Technical Services Ltd and ULG Consultants Ltd
- October 1975
14increased. However, short duration rainfall intensities will be reviewed on the
basis of existing records for the area. Drainage coefficients will be
established for 1 in 5 year return period events taking into account recommended
and current surface irrigation methods. On the new farms furrow irrigation is
currently practised and results in more direct run-off than does basin
irrigation which is used on the older farms, where the critical drainage
requirement may be dependent on crop tolerance to waterlogging.
Drainage coefficients, when established, will be used for design of field
drainage channels, which would contribute cowards a reduction in the rate of
water table rise particularly on the older farms, and additionally in review of
the design maximum discharge capacities of tertiary, secondary and primary
drains.
3.3.4             Eastern Catchment Discharges and Awash River Levels
A review of the surface water hydrology of the eastern catchment is required in
order to be ab Le to study means of dealing with discharges which currently enter
the northern end of the project area from behind the eastern flood control dyke.
Contributions co these flows are made both from parts of the extensive Alledeghi
plains and from the area between the eastern escarpment and the project flood
protection dyke. These areas would be considered separately and in combination
so that the possible benefits of water harvesting work in the latter area could
be gauged in proportion to the problem as a whole.
Flow predictions would be based on the annual averages which would largely
dictate the range of possible solutions. The occurrence of extreme events
posing possible threats to flood dyke security would be specifically
considered.
Very      little      data      are      available      on      rainfall      and      run-off      in      the     eastern      catchment area. Topographical mapping at 1:250,000 scale should be available in Addis
Ababa and would be used for definition, to the extent possible, of catchment areas and overall slopes. Rainfall records for the project area would be to some extent appropriate for the adjacent parts of the catchment and may be available for the main Alledeghi catchment from the AVSA livestock research
15station locate<Ufchere._ Discharge predictions would be made using
rationa1/deterministic methods (eg USBR, B D Richards) with catchment and
rainfall characteristics. As a check on rainfall estimates from available data,
generalised Depth-Duration^Frequency methods (Bell, Reich and others) would be
used. It should be emphasised that, given the lack of data on this aspect,
discharge estimates are bound to be approximate.
Prediction    of    Awash    river    levels    at    the    northern    end    of    the    project    area    will    be needed for the study of alternatives for drainage water removal.
If available, records of flow levels at State Farms pump stations would be
analysed to establish annual average daily flow levels during the rainy seasons.
If such records are not available, depth versus discharge relationships at
drainage outfall sites would be estimated from channel geometry and discharge
records from the Melka Warer flow measurement station used as the basis for
prediction. River flow levels would then be compared with anticipated drainage
discharges and levels co provide an estimate of pump operating costs for this
drainage water removal option.
3.4 Agriculture
3.4.1              Identification and Outline Recommendations
An    assessment    would    be    made    of    the    extent    of    reduction    in    yields    and    the    main causative factors, including poor drainage and high salinity, identified.
Outline recommendations would be made on suitable crops, rotations and agronomic practices for inclusion in the Masterplan to  reduce the effect on yields of poor drainage and high salinity. Outline recommendations would also  be made on water management and irrigation techniques which could alleviate the problems.
This    work    would    include    visits    to    farms    in    the    project    area    during    which    the current situation and potential for improvement would be assessed.
163.4.2              Cropping Alternatives and Irrigation Practices
A detailed assessment would be made of the crop yields resulting from different levels of salinity and drainage based on known levels of yield locally and elsewhere. Data on existing yields, recent trends in production, use of inputs and cultural techniques would be obtained from a review of existing literature, State Farm records and discussions with tarm managers and officials. This data would be examined in relation to the relevant soil parameters and climatic factors obtained from the Soils Reclamation Engineer and Hydrologist. The projected cropping areas would be considered in relation to the potential market for crops produced and the optimisation of net return from the project. The most suitable cropping patterns and irrigation systems for existing and
potential drainage situations would be selected based on projected drainage and salinity levels.
3.5 Engineering
3.5.1              Engineering Survey
During first phase activities, it is anticipated that some survey work would be required particularly to confirm key levels and ground slopes in the existing AVSA and pump supplied State Farms. Such information would be needed to establish technically feasible new surface drainage, and additions and modifications to existing drainage, for the Outline Masterplan.
In the study phase, survey work would initially be concentrated on the acquisition of topographical information north of the irrigation project boundary to permit study of alternatives and design for drainage water removal.
Following this, surveys would be required for initial planning of drainage layouts. This work would be predominantly in the old farm areas; in the new developments the availability of working and as-constructed drawings would obviate the need for all but minor survey work.
17The last stage of survey  work, as planning  and outline design nears completion, would be that required for detailed design of field and surface drainage and at the sites of major structures.
3.5.2             In-field Drainage
From experience to date on the MSAE Pilot Area it is apparent that in-field
drainage by sub-surface pipes is likely Co be preferable to deep open drains on grounds of efficiency, cost and the disruption of present and future
agricultural operations. However, in areas not yet in need of remedial or preventative sub-surface drainage the installation and maintenance of field perimeter surface drains would be beneficial in aiding the rapid removal of
surplus surface run-off to the main drainage system.
Sub-surface drainage design would commence during the second (study) phase of
the work and particular attention would be paid to results from the MSAE Pilot Area in selecting the most appropriate drainage design parameters.
Detailed data obtained from soil survey investigation in the priority areas -
including information on soil layering, hydraulic conductivities and depths to impermeable layers - would be used for design to a degree suitable for the preparation of Tender Documents. In areas not considered to be in need of treatment within the first five years of the Masterplan, existing data,
correlated as far as possible with the results of the additional investigations
in priority areas, would be used as the basis for outline design. The aims of
this outline design, which would be fully described in the Study Report, would
be:
to enable future surface collector drainage requirements to be foreseen and the necessary allowances for this to be made in detailed designs for
surface drainage modifications necessary in the first 5 years.
to provide reliable prediction of long term sub-surface drainage work required that may affect recommendations on equipment procurement and the organisation of Masterplan implementation.
18to provide a basis for Long term cose forecasts and economic analyses.
to provide a basis for future detailed design which could be undertaken by local staff after supplementary soils survey and with the guidance of detailed design procedures developed for the priority areas.
Study of engineering options in respect of in-fivld drainage would include pipe materials, types and installation methods in the light of experience in the MSAE Pilot Area, previous research by the Consultants and the total envisaged workload under the Masterplan.
3.5*3                   Surface     Drainage
In the identification phase the main objective would be
surface drainage layout which is technically feasible in terms of key levels, modifications to existing works etc. During this period also, future plans for the extension of the electricity supply grid to the Project area would be invest i gated.
to prepare an           outline
Earlier proposals 1/ for modifications to the pump supplied Stare Farms would be reviewed in the context of alternative main drainage solutions and the future
plans for electricity supply. Farm Layouts for these and the AVSA farm would ba obtained and studied, and alternative solutions for internal drainage
idem 1 f ied.
The. principal options for drainage: water removal are combined gravity/ pumped return co the Awash river and rejection channel construction into rhe Angelele area* The advantages and disadvantages would be clearly stated in the outline Masterplan, with more detailed study following completion of the hydrologist’s analyses of eastern catchment discharges and Awash river levels. Final recommendations will probably incorporate a combination of the two main options depending on plans tor the future development of the Angelele area. Outline
Feasibility Study Report on Angelele, Bolhamo and Amibara Extension Areas
- EDECO
19recommendations would be prepared for the initiation of water harvesting works in the eastern catchment area, to reduce discharges reaching the northern end of the project area. However, without extensive soils* agricultural and
topographical survey inputs these recommendations would of necessity be of a preliminary nature.
It is expected that tor drainage from field blocks into the main drainage
systems the construction of deep surface drains will prove more attractive than the installation of numerous pump stations. However, capital and recurrent
costs and time of implementation will be reviewed as necessary to confirm this.
The installation of field and tertiary surface drains is seen as an essential
element of measures to minimise the rate of rise of groundwater in areas not yet affected. This will be particularly important in the older farms, currently
without surface drainage of any kind. Layouts for drainage in these areas will
be considered from the point of view of both economic construction and minimum disruption co farming operations.
Outline design* during the study phase, would cover the whole project area and would include the establishment of drainage Levels and layout, identification of requirements for new structures and structure modifications and the preparation of typical details covering the complete range of structural work and earthworks required. This work would be used for the estimation of labour, plant ar.d materials inputs required for the phased introduction of drainage works, which would then be costed for use in the economic analyses. The outline designs
would be developed to provide typical drawings in the Study Report together with plans indicating works proposed in the various phases Df the Masterplan. Design criteria and methods would be explained in the Draft Study Report and reviewed, in the light of subsequent detailed design work, for inclusion in the final
document.
Maintenance and replacement requirements would be established and costed for all works recommended in the Masterplan so that these recurrent costs can be taken into account in the economic analyses.
20The outline design work described above, together with the sub-surface drainage design, would form the basis of detailed designs for priority areas requiring
the implementation of drainage measures within the first five years of the Masterplan. For these works, drawings would include typical details for field drains and sub-surface drains, field drain and general layouts, longitudinal sections of tertiary, secondary and primary level drains, typical earthworks
cross sections, standard structure details and details Lor non-standard and modified structures. It is assumed that in preparing this work maximum use will be made of the Amibara Project working/as-constructed drawings and that good quaLity copy negatives will be made available for use in the Consultants’ Head Office.
3.5.4              Construction        Implementation and Management
The principal factors which will be taken into account in alternative modes of implementation and management would be:
Che extent and timing of drainage required.
- if the use of specialised crenching/pipe laying equipment is envisaged, the alternatives as regards ownership and operation.
the need to minimise disruption of agricultural operations and the capacity of existing farm organisations co implement some elements of Che work eg field perimeter surface drains.
Recommendations would be prepared on supervisory staff requirements, including specialist expatriate advisers if considered necessary. In the Activity Programme (Fig 2) durations for rhe preparation of specifications, quantities
and draft tender documents assume the use of the widely accepted FIDIC 3 Conditions of Contract for work by contractors, with a possible maximum of three separate contracts during the first five year implementation period. If funding were obtained, for part of the work, from an international agency requiring the use of different conditions, additional inputs might be required. Again, for force account (direct Labour) construction of some elements ot the work, separate documents would probably be needed to provide guidance at an appropriate level on specifications, quality and cost control and programming.
213.6 Economic Analyses
Data would be obtained on crop production costs, revenues and returns in financial terms from existing sources for the present cropping systems in the project area and for any potential new crops. The capacity of the existing markets (export and domestic) to absorb increased crop production would be examined.
All development costs and data, broken down into tradeable, non-tradeab1e and labour components would be compiled. The data will include both capital and recurrent items and a breakdown between foreign and local components. To undertake a full economic appraisal of alternative drainage developments, labour and foreign exchange should be shadow priced and tradeable inputs and outputs valued at import or export parity as appropriate. To assess the benefits of drainage would require an assessment in conjunction with the agronomist of the consequences of doing nothing, based on current yield trends and cropping patterns. The results of the analysis would be expressed in terms of the Net Present Value at the opportunity cost of capital and the Internal Rate of
Return.
A full economic appraisal of the proposed drainage packages would enable the most beneficial options to be selected and their sensitivity to changes in important cost and benefit streams to be determined.
The effects on the
be quantified both
Government’s cash flow of the recommended developments would in terms of foreign exchange and local currency.
3.7 Environmental Health
The Environmental Health Consultant would identify the potential health hazards arising from the current situation and assess the effects of the proposed developments on chat situation. The assessment would be used to help select Che most appropriate method of drainage.
22He would review existing health records.
current prevalence of diseases with
special      reference      co      water      borne      disease      and      informatlon      available      from      the
World Health Organisation and other authorities in Ethiopia.
The existing
procedures far monitoring diseases would
also be reviewed.
Recommendations     will     be     made     on     the     most     suitable     monitoring     methods     to     record incidences of bilharzia, malaria and any other potential health hazards.
234         ORGANISATION AND STAFFING
4.1          Organisation
The Consultants propose that in addition to data collection, the Masterplan options and design concepts and outline design would be initiated in Ethiopia.
This would permit full and continuous consultation with the WRDA exeiutrttg
——oFf*-(-wIiit is aal j h.i tmV-and with farm management and operating
authorities. It would also permit the maximum flexibility as soils,
agricultural and hydrometeorological data are obtained and processed and the maximum use of survey and as-constructed drawings available from the Amibara Irrigation Project.
Approximately half way through the programme, work would transfer to our Head Office where specialist back-up, computer facilities and other support services
are readily available for finalisation of the Study Report and Masterplan and detailed design and documentation.
Overall technical direction of the work would be the responsibility of the
Project Director, Mr R F Camacho, an Associate of Sir William Halcrow & Partners and a Director of Halcrow Water Co. Management and progress reviews would be carried out regularly by a team led by Mr C L Clarke, a Senior Partner of Sir William Halcrow & Partners. The team would include Mr R F Camacho, Mr D G Glennie ana Dr D J Moffat, the nominated Soils Specialist and a Director of ULG Consultants Ltd. Mr D G Glennie, a Principal Engineer with long association
with the Amibara work, would co-ordinate Head Office support for the field team, as necessary.
4.2     Consultants' Staff
Of the staff proposed for this assignment most have had previous experience of similar work in Ethiopia. All staff from Sir William Halcrow S Partners have been previously involved on the Amibara Irrigation Project. The key post of Soils Reclamation Engineer will be filled by the ULG staff member (Mr R A Davis) responsible for earlier and current work on the Pilot Drainage Scheme in Melka Sadi.
24VAll expatriate staff nominated for Chis work, with the except ion*: .of th<. S- Environmental Health Consultant, are full time staff of Sir William" Harrow A Partners or ULG Consultants Ltd. The Consultants undertake full responsibility for the performance of all team members and are confident in their ability to
fulfil the study requirements
co Che complete satisfaction of the Client.
It is our firm intention that rhe individual nominees would take-up tLuir assignments. However, in the case of circumstances beyond our control we
reserve the right to substitute staff of equal standing and experience, subject
to approval by the Client.
The designations, tasks and brief details of the Consultants' staff who would
Cake part in the assignment are given below. The staff programme in Figure 3 shows the anticipated periods of assignment of the staff. The appropriate
numbered CV for each team member is given in Appendix B.
4.3 Client's Staff
Since the detailed design and Masterplan will concern work to be implemented in rhe project area for a number of years, we consider it particularly important
that Ethiopian staff be involved as fully as possible in the development of
—i
recommendations. Additionally, a number of staff currently attached to Che AIP Project Control Centre and the site supervision team have detailed knowledge of
the Amibara Irrigation Project, and specifically of the drainage aspens, which
would contribute significantly to the success of the study and design.
We are aware, however, that commitments of these personnel on irrigation project contracts and monitoring of the Pilot Drainage Area must be taken into account
in planning their involvement in the Masterplan work. This is shown in the Staff Programme (Figure 3) assuming a commencement date in early March 1984 and based on information received from the Executive Director and Resident
Engineer.
Our proposed method of approach is for Study Report preparation and detailed design and documentation to be carried out during the latter half of the work
period in our Head Office.
25senior drainage AIP engineer could visit UK for all or part of this period to participate in Study Report and Masterplan finalisation, detailed design and specification.
The staff whom we would hope could contribute Co the work are indicated below together with summaries of the work on which they would be engaged.
Senior Drainage Engineer
(Ato Teferra Woudench)
With long involvement with Amibara Irrigation Project, specialist training in land drainage, invoLvement in Che previous drainage study and responsibility for the Pilot Drainage Area, Ato Teferra could be the Client's senior representative on site in respect of the Masterplan work. Specifically, he would work
principally with the Consultant’s Soils Reclamation Engineer on the identification of priority areas and detailed design of sub-surface drainage, which would be in part an extension of his current work on the Pilot Drainage area. Additionally, he would be able to assist in liaison with management personnel in the various farm entities.
Design Engineer
(Ato Russom Egziabher)
Ato Russom has some 2 year’s experience in site supervision of Amibara Irrigation Project construction and has been involved in preliminary design work for drainage improvements. Commencing after the completion of the study identification phases he could assist the Consultants in the review of
engineering options. He would later act as counterpart to the Consultant's Design Engineer in the preparation of outline designs and would continue to be responsible for survey work co-ordination after the departure of the Consultant's team.
26Assistant Engineer
He should be a graduate with at least one year's experience on Amibara Project Implementation. He would assist with preliminary engineering work in the identification phase and in the early part of the study phase. He would then participate in the outline design work under rhe supervision of the Consultant's Design Engineer.
Survey Team
Survey work should be under the leadership of Ato Getachew, the AIP Chief Surveyor, whom we anticipate would need to devote at least 70X of his time to
this task for most of the period allocated. He would be assisted by a Senior Surveyor familiar with the project area, together with chainmen and labourers as necessary.
Soils Assistant and Labourers
The Soils Assistant would be required to provide full time assistance to the
Soil Surveyor in sampling and logging soils. He would also assist in carrying
out soil tests. A suitable person for this post would be one of the experienced assistants from the .Amibara Project PCC testing laboratory. Two labourers would be required for excavation in trial pits, soil augering and general assistance.
Other Staff
Other staff required to assist
the Consultant’s team would be:
one experienced secretary at the site office
part-time services of one experienced secretary in Addis Ababa drivers as necessary (see 4.4.2)
27I4.4     Support Facilities Required by Consultants
4.4.1       Accommodation
This proposal has assumed that appropriate accommodation on site would be provided by the client free of charge to the consultant. The consultant's anticipated requirement for accommodation on site is shown in Figure 4. It has also been assumed that locally available services such as water supply,
electricity and sewerage would be provided free of charge. The a c^commod at ion
d
should cater for some famHy-JLkSit_s_ uring_tJie course of the study,
1
ly > ■ ——---------- ---------
V'
—-----------------
4.4.2       Transport
It has been assumed that transport will be made available by the client at no
charge to the consultant. The consultant's anticipated requirements for
transport are shown in Figure 4. It is assumed that the cost of drivers and all
running and operating costs will be borne by the client.
4.4.3       Office Facilities
It has been assumed that office accommodation will be made available free of
charge to the consultant both in Addis Ababa and on site. Since the visiting
staff will spend most of their time on site the office accommodation required in
Addis Ababa will be one room with two desks. On site however there will be up
to seven people working at the same time and appropriate office space will be
required for them. It is also assumed chat secretarial services will be
available as and when required at no cost to the consultant.
4.4.4       Other Services
It has been assumed that the Ethiopian staff shown in Figure 3 would be made
available, together with survey equipment, at no cost to the consultant.
The    consultant    would    like    Co    make    use    of    the    client's    telex    facility    and    will    be prepared to pay at cost for its use.
28■
H
H
■5         COSTS AND PAYMENT
5.1 General
The Terms of Reference call for lump sums payable on completion of the unspecified phases of the assignment. However the programmes included in this proposal indicate that twelve months will be required to complete all the work and we therefore put forward two alternative payment programmes, and suggest that in either case payment be made within three months of becoming due.
5.2 Payment Progranne 1
Staged payments on completion of each main phase of the work. These would be made on completion of the Identification phase, the Study phase and the Design phase with a mobilisation payment on receipt of the instruction to commence.
Payments would be as follows:-
1
to
Mobilisation. The sum of £ 150,000 (one hundred and become due for payment when instruction to commence is
fifty
given.
thousand pounds)
2     Identification     Phase.     The     sum     of     £     96,769     to     become     due     on     submission     of the outline Masterplan.
3         Study Phase.          The sum of £ 259,215              to become due on submission of the Final
Study Report and Masterplan.
Design Phase.
The sum of £46,176
to become due on submission of the final
tender documents.
The total of these four sum
s amounts to £ 552,160.
295.3     Payment Programme 2
To improve the consultant’s cash flow and hence reduce the total cost to the client it is proposed that payments be made as follows:
1      Mobilisation      payment.      The      sum      of pounds) to become due for payment when
£    150,000    (one    hundred    and    fifty    thousand instruction to commence is given.
2         Monthly interim payments, each of £ 35,700, to become due for payment on the first day of the month following. These payments would be due for the first three months of the assignment.
3         Monthly interim payments, each of £ 30,000, to become due for payment on the first day of the month following. These payments would be due for the
next seven months of the assignment.
Monthly interim payments, each of £ 34,430, to become due for payment on the first day of the month following. These payments would be due for the next two months of the assignment.
The total of these sums amounts to £ 535,960.
5.4     Preferred Tayment Programme
As can be seen above Payment Programme 2 offers the client the lower cost and provides the Consultant with the most favourable cash flow. Consequently this
is the programme for payment that we would recommend to you for consideration.
30AMlBARA IRRIGATION PROJECT TT
DRAINAGE MASTERPLAN ACTIVITY PROGRAMME
FIGURE 2
Find Study Report
8 Masterplan
Find
Tender Documents
ACTIVITY
Instruction
Outline Mosterpton
interim
Recon
Draft Report & Masterplan
Draft
Tender Documents
F^y                 i
F
"F~
5
PERIOD (Months) x        a ~"Z               TZ T“z—r~
2ENTIFICATIQN PHASE
1     Mobilize
2 Data collec~tiuooniiaccnndownooitnad walk over surveyi
3
4
Pilot Areo data
wtH- 50,11 ond msae
5
6
7
dentify covtaf.w focXrt, tvii. crop requirements and current irrigation schedules identify ond obtain key survey information
or existing farms
‘dentify priority areas
**** T010 dro,na9e requirements and prepoe outline of principal const ruct lOn axnponentV
3 Preliminary review of alternative craps Recommendations for mmedia’e
•mprovements to waler management 9   Prepore   Outline   Master plan
lOCiscusi Outline
STUDY PHASE
Masterplan
U Soil survey and classification Hx drainage
«2 Sub surface dra.noge design, establishment of time scale for future preventative drainage
13 Review water cMOiity. survey hydrology and
■ rngation/ogncuHuroi ora Ct ices, establish field drainage criteria ord recommend leochmg practice
14 Study engineering options
45 Review eastern catchment hydrology ond nver flow levels
16Estimate crop yields relative to drainage and salinity, review alternative cropping strategies
l7Engmeering survey
OPrepare outline designs
19Review overall construction phasing ond modes of implementation
20Cost estimates fram outline designs
2l Economic analysis
22Recommendations on implementation management
23Study ond prepore recommendations on water quality and environmental health monitoring
24Prepare Oraft Study Report and Masterpion 25Comments and discussions
26 A noli ze Study Report and Mosterpkm
DETAILED DESIGN PHASE
27 Engineering survey
28Detailed designs ond drawings
29Engineers estimate
30 Specifications quantities and Draft Tender Documents
31 Comments and approval 32 Finalize Tender DocumentsAMIBARA IRRIGATION PROJECT II
DRAINAGE MASTERPLAN STAFF PROGRAMME
Final Study
Report
"
POST
NOMINEE
Instruction
to
Commence
1
Outline
Masterplan
_______
interim
Report
4
Final
Tenaef
Documents
Draft
Tender
Documents
L±
OENTIFICADON
PHASE
MAN MONTHS
STUDY
PHASE
OESIGN
PHASE
TOTAL
CV
No
PERIOD ( Months)
CONSULTANTS STAFF
HALCROW
Project Portner
Project Director
Senior Design Engineer/ Team Leader Contracts / Planning Engineer Hydrologist
Design Engineer
Assistant   Engineers   /   Technic   ions SUB - TOTAL
ULG. CONSULTANTS LTD
Soils Reclamation Engineer
Soils Specialist
Soils Surveyor
Agronomist     /     Agriculturalist Agricultural Economist
Environmental      Health      Consulfont SUB - TOTAL
CONSULTANTS STAFF TOTALS
ETHIOPIAN STAFF *
Senior Drainage Engineer Deskn Engineer
Chic. Topographic Surveyor
and Assistant
Soil Survey AssistQnf
Assistant Engineers
* Assuming jtori date oarty March
CL Clorke
R F Camacho 0 75
C.A Sc boon
D G Glennie
M.R Mason
A R Kay
As Required
R A. Davis
0. J Mot fol
K Khnkenberg
M S Armitage
M. J Raynor
G I G Charles
325
2 75
O'Zj
3 25
2 75
175 675
- 13 0
10 5 13 5
.X
KEY
1 cm
FIELD   INPUT
HOME OLFICE
INTERMITTENT
INPUT
INPUT
GURE 3
---- F
111AMIBARA IRRIGATION PROJECT 11
DRAINAGE MASTERPLAN ACCOMMODATION B TRANSPORT REQUIREMENTS
WORK SHEET
MONTHS              l
ACCOMMODATION
Project Director
Team Leoder/ Irrigation and Drainage Engineer
Hydrologist
Design Engineer
Soils Reclamation Engineer
Soils Specialist
Agronomist
Soils Surveyor
Agricultural Economist Environmental Health Consultant
TRANSPORT
(4 Wheel Drive Unless Otherwise Shown )
Team Leader / Irrigation and Drainage Engineer
Soils Team
Agronomist, Agricultural Economist Environmental Health Consultant
FIGURE« M-ritr • -uire • 
.>/ i» 111- A*7> nA/*A*«i> l'V’7.'U» **ns-
j I'rrH^.H iiU Mihiu.y
• <~r
’
uf Sut
W .£. r ltCM"'r*.v D. v:< | re t Auip«»ft:y 
/C'.uaka iruGvr'^N i.ujjrcr n
I•
Sir William Halcrow 4 Partners Burderop Park
Swindon
Wilts SNU OQD England
Dear Sirs:
HALCROW
WATER
1
F *- • n
r
14 NOV ?£j
Anu.
•
1
file                             j
1
Please find
AMIBARA IRRIGATION PROJECT II Terms of  Reference For the Preparation of
Master Drainage Plan for Melka-Sadi and Amibara Areas attached a-9 page terms of reference that sets out the
description of the works to be carried out by you. 
you are hereby requested to provide a clear cut proposal, cements translatable into implementation at your earliest convenience. r~
To this effect,
i, After
our careful evaluation of your conrnunicat
proposal, the decision reached will be
Truly yours
ZA/mw
CC: Mr. B.
Chief,         Northern         Agricultural         Division Eastern African Regional Office
International       Bank       for       Reconstruction       & Development
1818 H. Street, N.W. 
Washington D.C. 2OU33 
U. S. A.
Mr.     J.     Wellner
EEC Delegate
Addis .Ababa
National    Water    Resources    Cornu,    ss    ion /iddis Ababa
ri Irnv^i.
+  1  copy
•.
♦    1  copy 1 cony
/ 2I I I
■
■
- 2 -
CC: Water Resources Development Authority Addis Ababa
The Resident Engineer A.I.P.
Melka Warer
Project Control Centre A.I.P.
Melka Warer
♦ 1 copy + 1 Copy
1 copyrwu+/wi>.-t* • *          - < •i--1’ •
nary IHC A-. l- <IA "•
Tb«
<?l-
ft-- ' ».-■•-
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a.miuaka :.;hk.au«»n                           h
‘
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‘
AMI BARA IRRIGATION PROJECT II
TERMS OF REFERDJCE FOR THE PREPARATION OF
MASTER DRAINAGE PLAN FOR MELKA-SADI AND AMI BARA AREAS
A. BACKGROUND
The first irrigated agriculture in the area was started about in the
mid-sixties in the Amibara area with Awash Valley Cotton Production Experimental Farm, and with subsequent new farms development by concesicnaries. By direct pimping from the River, several ditch 
systems were constructed extending irrigation to larger areas. Early 
in 1970's, Melka-Sadi Agricultural Estate Share Company was established by Italian ooncesianaries to grew mainly banana in Melka-Sadi zone. Increased cropping intensity and excessive use of irrigation water contributed to rapid rise of the groundwater table, causing salSniT^r-im and alkalinization of the soils. From the tirae of oneration early in
1980, the Amibara Irrigation Project II has devoted its attention to a
detailed investigation of water logging, and soils salinity and alkai-ini-t-y hazards.
The heavy soils that dominate the Project area have a high potential
for the capillary rise of water from the groundwater table. As the
cli»it= of tl«e region is semi-arid, and the salt content of tl»c ground water is high, the soils increasingly became saline when the water table
is near the surface or when the continuous upward movement of salts by capillarity exceeds the periodic downward leaching during irrigation. The rate of rise of the water table has become a matter of concern. With such shallow water table,the rooting development of crops is restricted, thereby limiting the availability of water, nutrients, and reducing 
yields. However, adequate drainage cn an affected area basis could bring these soils back to production levels comparable to well drained Lands.
..../ 22
New, Water Resources Development Authority/Amibara Irrigation Project II pl An to construct a Master Drainage System in the Melka-Sadi and Amibara Areas for the purpose of collecting and transporting saline
and alkaline agricultural drainage waters to a disposal point (S) on 
the bank of the Awash River, to Cadda BiUien Swamp, or direct downward drainage. The Plan is going to consist of a future integrated surface and subsurface drainage networks of each farm. Consolidating all the drainage works is very beneficial due to the large number of adjoining irrigated farms, booking at each entity farm drainage problem is considered requisite to the development of a Plan for consolidation. With such an organized and collective accomodation, economies of scale from the construction resources will be realized. The management of the infrastructure will be effectively centra 1 i Such a drainage accorrmodation is expected to permit the agricultural economy of the area to continue to prosper. The amelioration measures would prevent the decline in production due to water logging and salinity. A Pilot Drainage Scheme of 35 ha. is launched this year
in Melka-Sadi area for developing information rapidly so as to avoid unnecessary delay for the containment of the menace. Start-up monitoring of factors’ effects of the scheme has just started. A 10 ha. banana growing plot in the Scheme is providing information an yield levels, and trends. And overall evaluation of the scheme and a report °f 'the results will be published by July, 1984.
.
-     To arrest the rising groundwater table;
-     To reclaim saline and alkaline soils;
-     To wal'd—off the flooding that would occur as a result of prymppr runoff;
-     To avoid environmental depredation; and
-     To increase the agricultural productivity of the soils.3
FEATURES OF EXISTING SITUATION
The ultimate need  for drainage from the Project area is recoenize<i since 1981; and  serious efforts are made to  arrest the rise of the
.Txxndwater        table.        Increasingly,        observations        have        concluded        that agricultural Droblems have occured; and .are beccminr more serious
in, and around the Project area.
Viewed from toTXxnranhy, the laxl slopes ^ently fran the diversion
weir     downwards;     and     there     is     a     steeper     <p?adient
from     the     escarpment *
towards the River. The soils of the area are alluvial deposits of
fine texture. Groundwater is progressively rising with randan accumulation of salts in the subsoil and surface soils.
Most of the cultivated l^d in the Project area Lies far be lew the
water diversion level. The agricultural crons thrown in the area are long staple cotton, maize, haricot beans, field crops, alfalfa; vegetables such as cauliflower, onions, and caosicun. There are
also exotic fruit trees. In over 80 percent of the area cotton is
gxxxi. The general rotation begins with cotton as a spring/stinner crop followed by maize or possibly by haricot beans. There is a prennial banana crop on over 900 hectares of land. Irrigation is accomplished by diverting water from the field canals through siphons over the field canal banks into deep furrows across the fields- In most cases, irrigation is accomplished bv capillary movement of water upward into the root zone. The salts which move upward with the irrigation water into the root zone by capillary action remain there when the water is removed by evapotranspiration. In parallel, the basin method of irrigation is invariably practised in the old farms.
Observations since earlier years of implementation have indicated that surface runoff frequently originates from specific sub-areas within the watershed. Also the area producing runoff is varying 
in size under differing storm conditions.
Two sets of variables are identified. The first included climate, precipitation, and rising groundwater table; all of which vary with time, and space. The second set. includes topography, zeology,
• • • 4-A *''•>
u
and soil characteristics which vary with location, and within 
the watershed. These variables are further ccnclexed by irrigation diversions from the Awash River (Dumped, and gravity diversions). The effects of these variables continually affect the soil water contents of both the surface and profile soils. The characteristic solutions to bring about improved agricultural productivity of the land are (a) engineering, and (b) agronomic innovations.
Observation wells are sunk to monitor the free water surface elevation in the Project area in general, whereas, piezometer
wells are sunk especially in saturated soils such .is in Melka-Sadi
to measure the surrounding soil water pressure in equivalent
water depths in the wells.
Problems of high ground water and soil salinity existing in the Project area are expected to increase significantly in the future. The installation of surface and sub-surface tile drains in the
affected areas are expected to effectively antrol the ground 
water level and eventually lead to the establishment of a satisfactory salt balance in the soil.
D.          AREA COVERAGE
A Master Plan with surface and subsoil drainage is to be prepared for Melka-Sadi and Amibcra Areas that will include f-felka-Sadi Agricultural Estate, Melka-Sadi State Farm, Melka-Warer Farm,, Melka-Warer Research Station Farm, Awash Valley Settlement Agency Fam, Algeta, Ambash, Sublale, and Angelele State Fams. Surface and subsurface characteristics of the drainage problems, and the corresponding needs are to be reviewed. The outlying fams that get their irrigation water by pumping from the River, Algeta, Ambash, Sublale and Angelele Fams; and the two AVSA, and IAR fams which wane converted from pump basin to gravity irrigation lack any drainage facilities.5
New drains and necessary structures would be designed and proposed for conrtrtKTticn under the Master Drainage Plan for the indicated entities devoid of formal drainage works. The old farms in Anibara area have a top priority need for surface drains; whereas. MSAE and the inrediate fields on its western and north-eastern sides need 
the installation of subsurface drains as a priority need. Areas between the northern boundary of the Project and the Cadda Billien Swamp are also part of the Plan; and their reauirements for drainage and flood control works will be evaluated, and .idded.
E.     SHJ-.CTION CRITERIA OF THE MASTER DRAINAGE AREAS The selection of the various locations is based on:
a)     observed soil salinity and groundwater Levels,
b)     soil survey data,
c)      Low-lying area,
d)     enclosed depressions located next to newly develooed areas at
higher elevations,
e)      piezometric pressure of aoquifers whose groundwater tables reaching Less than 1 metre or more from the land surface, and,
f) seasonal rwoff from the catchment area along the eastern side
of the Project.
F. 
AVAILAB
LE DATA
List of data that are available are:
a)      climatological,
b)     topographic and soil maps,
c)      groundwater fluctuating readings,
d) salinity and alkalinity levels of soils and irrigation water,
e)      Awash River diversions,
f)      cropping rotation and yield levels, and
g)     costs of agricultural production.6
G.    SCOPE OF THE PREPARATION
The areas are identified as being most urgently in need of drainage; based on observed soil salinity groundwater levels and other soil characteristics. It is noted that field return irrigation waters
do contribute to the drainage discharge. A drainage programme
would be prepared in sequence.
Installation of open drains will be discouraged as they would 
increase the transmission of bilharzia, reduce arable land area, 
and would make tractorization of fields difficult. Maintenance
costs will increase frcrn year to year.
It is necessary to consider in the context of all conditions that
exist today and will likely prevail in the future to the extent that
new inforration is necessary for a satisfactory evaluation of the
present and future conditions. The system of drainage wrks would oomprise strengthening the two existing dyke systems; installation 
of buried field tile drains, branch drains, and consideration for
the provision of punping stations where gravity drainage is not
possible. Consideration of the future availability of Koka hydro
power to the area nay throw light on the extent of resources
available for the design options.
The Master Plan layout should:
the primary and secondary drains as an integral part to existing development,
b)       ogrrgain an u^dicat^ori of djjferent notations for the secondary, tertiary, and field drains both for the surface, and sub-soil drainage that may be necessary in the inmediate future (the
next S years) to arrest the rising water tobies and control salanization.
c)        incorporate The Rejection Drain as an extention to The Primary System to a location opposite The Billien Swaim or beyond, as a structure that would operate dur inn low flows of the Awash River draining, into it ar to the Swamo during high River levels, and,
..../ 77
d)           be flanked by catchment intercept or drain, and, or Eastern Dyke Extension to Cadda Billien Swamp.
Deepening and widening of existing open drains and excavating new drains is necessary. Existing bridges and other structures would 
either be rebolt or extended. Construction of the drainage works
is expected to be carried out by a combination of machines and hand labour.
*
A conprehensive prorranme of drainage that would describe procedures for the prevention, control, abatement of water table,and installation 
of future drainage works is needed to be prepared.
WRDA/AIP II would require the Consultants, with due diligence, competence, efficiency, and with accepted scientific principles
and practices to:
f  1. Make investigative review of the caustive factors of the drainage phenomenon including the sources of those factors.
2.     Classify and delineate the soils into drainable classes.
3.     Identify, and quantify relevant parameters.
4.     Make evaluation of alternative drainage systems:
a)     covered drains VS open drains
b)     shallow drains VS deep drains, over the range of crop 
areas.
5.     Consultants would refer to past studies one of ’^nich is the
Angelele-Bolhamo and Amibara Irrigation Expansion Project to such areas as irrigation and drainage design criteria. Figs. A9.1, A9.2 and A9.3, photo copies of the sections of which are attached. Hydrologic parameters will also be reviewed and incorporated in thv surface and subsurface drains designs required.
6.      Consultants would make note of the intended surface drainage networks construction for Alegeta, Ambash, Sublele, etc.
/ 0See attached Fig. Mr. 3, General Layout Irrigation Drains
and Roadsystem, Angele le-Bo lhamo and Amibara Irrigation Expansion Project.
State effective drainage criteria and selection of structures Prepare full, detailed designs, specifications, and draft tender documents in respect of: (a) surf ice (b) subsurface drains by stages of eonstruction,and entities.
Prepare cost estimates of the works separating out any 
foreign exchange requirements. Cost items will be detailed. Pilot Drainage Scheme costs are not necessarily indicative
of the capital investment required for the plan.
Prepare economic evaluation and drainage economic rate of return and sensitivity analysis of the package measures.
Propose the most effective and economical methods of constru ction in view of the fact that:
a)     The drainage installation works would be an-cn-going process for seme time to come, and,
b)     Construction budgets will be appropriated annually.
Prepare a phased construction programme and rates of Construction for each stage,and entity.
Recaintnd an organization responsible for coordination of
the construction.
Prepare reccrmendaticns cm the overall planning of the works and agricultural practices. Methods should show the area
farms maximizing their incomes/yields in response to changing salinity levels as well as to the range of alternative
cro P hectareages production technologies. This would involve working out a conversion prograime of cropping to different economic crops tolerant to alkaline and saline soils on sound agronomic details.9
15.      Review irrigation water management and make recaimendatian tc arrive at efficient irrigation schedules.
16.      Prepare a progranrne of leaching practice in specific areas.
17.      Prepare methods of monitoring of the duality of surface drainage (tail water), levels of pesticides, etc.
18.      Establish monitoring system for environmental health hazards such as bilharzia and malaria incidences.
H.     financing
Implementation of the drainage works will be executed by annual GOE budgetary appropriations.
I.    CONSULTANTS WORK PROGRAMME A SERVICES PAYMENT
The Consultants are to provide proposed work plan and approach:
The curriculum vitae of key personnel to be assigned to the preparation.
Attachment of bar charts, shewing the overall work plan and timing thereof.
Consultants would submit a total fixed amount far their services.
J.      FINAL REPORT
Consultants will submit 20 comprehensive reports incorporating discussed conclusions and reccrrmandat ions. In addition, 20 sets
of drawings fcr implementation will be furnished to the Client - Payments to Consultants will be effected upon the CTient's assessing the works that they are satisfactory technically, and acknowledging the list of works are canplete. The Consultants will be paid from the Project's IDA Credit.
ZA/nw
L&mDIE ABATE (DR.)
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
AMI BARA IRRIGATION PROJECT II NOVEMBER 1ST, 1983I
millI
NALCROW
WILTS
DRA.tN  UP
FOR; MR. GLENNIE
MSG.NO. iJ6
PLEASE   PREPARE   LIST   OF   ASSIGNMENTS ACTIVITIES   DRAWN   UP   AS   STAGE-BY-STA‘ OF DEC. 1 AND 2,1983. ALL '
received
/ DEC 1983
ANS
FILS
WOULD BE HP' ' ~
IN  AN  CRGA^
rr
HELPFUL.
- ^,1983. ALL GRADE PERSONNEL NEEDED SHOULD BE
- .>_ixi 5 UNOcR THE GENERAL ui .lit
- □iAGE-BY-STAGE CONTAINED IN MY TELEXES
• **
REGARDS
IN AN CRGANO-GRAM. YCUR CONSULTATION WITH MR.MAU'
MY TP »
C ‘OUTLINE Or
ZE’WDIE ABATE
AWaPkO AbDIS 2113L
□EC. 7,1983 RUML8MLL HALWIL G
MAUDENAWAPfcO ADDIS
FOR;
MSG.    NO. 133
THANK YOU FOR YOUR TELEX GO 108^7 OF NOV. 30. 1983
EYE WOULD REPLY AS FOLLO-S TO YOUR SPECIFIC SUGGESTIONS.
full involvement of range of Ethiopian personnel would be beneficial
for future purposes, a global purspective could emerge once
list of activities for the pilot scheme and the master plan ARE DRAWN
UP AW THEIR TIME SPAN DEFINED. PERSONNEL OF TRAINING AND
EXPERIENCE    WOULD    BE    SCHEDULED    AND    COORDINATED.    ACCORDINGLY    *E    COULD REQUIRE.
1.       ALL STAFF CURRENTLY ENGAGED IN Tb£ PILOT SCHEME TO BE PHASED IN
THE PLAN PREPARATION.
2.        THE SURVEY TEAM WOULD BE ENGAGED IN A PROGRAMED SEQUENTIAL MANN- MANNER.
3.       CURRENTLY LAB. STAFF COULD BE DEPLOYED AS SOIL SURVEY TEAM.
U. SECTION ENGINEERS CURRENTLY ENGAGED IN THE ON-GOING CONTRACTS
L1KE0N QUANTITY WORKS COULD BE GRADUALLY PHASED INTO THE MASTER DRAINAGE PuAN WORK
5. EYE AGREE TO YOUR WAYS OF TACKLING TOR 'L.
HALC^OW
WILTS
|
REGARDS ZEWDIE ABATE UL8LU HALW1L G
RKCEivrn' »
» i>£C 1983'
-1I
I I I
IU46U+ HAL"IL G AWAPRC ADO IS
MSG. no. 132
FOR: MR. GLENNIE
kE: V,ASTER DRAINAGE PLAN
M41XR0W
JUtt
WICCIVFio
2 DEC 1983:
-----■ - _ ANS
FURTHER HERE ARE MY PRELIMINARY THOUGHTS ON THE PROGRAM OF WORK AND METHODS TO BE INSTITUTED BY THE WORKING GROUP (EXPATRIATES ♦ ETHIO PIAN STa-FF )
AA) ThE INITIAL PROGRAM COULD START:
STAGE     l. STAGE 2.
STAGE 3. STAGE STAGE 5.
STAGE    6. STAGE 7.
MAKE AN INVENTORY OF EVISTING INFORMATION
REV IE- OF SELECTION OF OBSERVATION SITES/SURVEYS REQUIRED.
ORGANIZE OBSERVATI ONS/uATA UTILIZATION
SYSTEMATIZE THE ANALYSIS OF INFORMATION BEING OBTAINED COMPILE CROPS PERFORMANCE MAP'S. DATA TO BE COLLATED BY REGIONS, l.E. MEuKA-SADI, AM!BARA AREAS.
PkEPAkE designs
PREPARE METHODS STATEMENTS GN CO STRUCT I CNS
BB) ON METHODS; Lt.ELS OF MONITORING SHOULD BE INSTITUTED;
1.    LOCAL MONITORING - THAT KEEPS CLOSE LOCK AT VARIABLE CONDI
TIONS,     LAYED-OUT     COMPONENTS,     ^OPTED     EVPERI     MENTAL     PROCEDURES, SPECIFIC TO AN AREA. EXAMPLE, THE PILOT SCHEME, BANANA ESTATE
2.       REGIONAL MONITORING - THAT FOCUSES AT THE PACKAGE ACTIVITIES
ANU THEIR PERFORMANCES, NATURE OF INTE r^-ncL AT I ONSHI PS SPECIFIC TO MELKA-SADI AND TO AM 13 AR A AREAS.
3,     GLOBAL MONITROING - PURPOSE OF WHICH IS TO CHECK THE OVERALL
STATE CF PERFORMANCE OF THE MEASURABLE VARIABLES, OBSERVATI ON OF LINKAGES, EFFECTIVENESS AHD ACCEPTABILITY OF INTRODU CED APPROACH OR APPROACHES DEPENDING ON THE EXTENT TO
-HlCH NATURAL PROCESSES HAVE BEEN TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT.
REGAnuS
ZEWulE ABATE ^8U1+ HAL*IL G A.'.APRC Ali^IS
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+
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THANK YOU FOh YOUn TElca A .J 1.0 1_l A— Thu USEFUL ADDITIONAL INFORMATION CONTAINED ThEnEIL. Thl- -ILL -0 FULLY TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT DURING THE PREPARATION OF C'Jr* riOrCLA..
REGARDS CAMACHO LUELU HAL*.IL G
LLELL  HAL-V IL  G
A..APRO ALOISR£C£1'.,r~
z 5 NOV 1983
ANS.
»ILE
MSG. RO. 128
FOR; MR. CAMACHO
THANK YOU FOR YOUR TELEX GO 1C6J3 ^OV. 21+. 1983
AM PLEASED TO NOTE THAT YOU ARE ORGANIZING THE PREPARATION
OF THE PROPOSAL. EYE HAVE NO DOUBT THAT YOU WOULD PREPARE A SOUND
AND NOTABLE WORK BECAUSE OF YOUR LONG AND INTIMATE ASSOCIATION WITH
TF£ AREAS FOR OVER 10 YEARS.
FOR YOUR INFORMATION NR. KUFFNER AS PER HIS RECENT TELEXES HAS THE
FOLLOWING DIRECT COMMENTS ON THE TOR FOR THE PREPARATION OF ThE MAS
TER DhAINAGE PLAN FOR SELKA-SAOI AND AMIBARA AREAS.
AA HE AGREES WITH SE ON THE SERIOUSNESS OF THE PROBLEM AND THE
NEED FOR THE EARLIEST POSSIBLE START OF THE PLANNING -CRK.
BB hE FULLY SUPPORTS THE IMMEDIATE PREPARATION OF THE DRAINAGE
MASTER PLAN.
CC HE FINDS PROPOSED TERMS OF REFERENCE AS VERY COMPREHENSIVE, THE
PILOT SCHEME DATA BE A PREREQUISITE TO THE AIM.
uu HE OBSERVES DETAILED DESIGN FOR MSAE TO FOLLOW EVALUATION OF
PILOT uATA.
EE i-E SUGGESTS FOR CONSULTANTS TO PhEPARE SAMPLE DESIGNS FOR ANTI Cl - |
RATED DRAINACE CONDITIONS (SPACING ANO DEPTH OF DRAINS, FLG»*S
ETC) .
FF    HE    RECOS'SENDS    FOR    Tb£    CONSULTANTS    TO    REVIEW    POSSIBLE
ALTERN
ATIVE
jKA    INAGE    METHODS    SUCH    AS    THE    INSTALLATION    OF    DRAINACE
..ELLS,
AND
DISCUSS THE ADVANTAGES AND DISAUVANTAGES OF TbESE METHODS.
GG HE ADVISES REGARDING FIELD DRAINS, ESPECIALLY TILE DRAINS, THE
CONSULTANTS SbOULD PREPARE A PLAN INDICATING ..HEN AID ••hERE THEY
SHOULD BE INSTALLED.
HH REGARDING MY TOR INSTRUCTION bO.lE, HE SUGGESTS THAT THE STATE-
SENT SHOULD READ ‘.UCTE PREPARE A PROGRAM OF LEACHING PRACTICE
AND ANY SPECIAL SOIL TREATMENT AS kEQUIRED UNQUOTE.
II b£ RECOMSENDS THAT THE CONSULTANTS, AS INPLIED BY ITEMS i AND
ID OF MY TOh (PAGES 7 AND 5), MAKE RECOMNEIOATIONS REGARDING A
RELOCATION CF THE 3ANANA ESTATE IF THE PERENNIAL IRRIGATION OF
THE ESTATE CONTRIBUTES DECISIVELY TO THE RISING GROUNDWATER
TABLE,
IN CONCLUSION, EYE WOULD LIKE TO INTIMATE TO YOU THAT WITHIN
THE MASTER PLAN, -E EXPECT THE CONSULTANTS TO PREPARE TINE-PHASED
SETS OF DhAINAGE WGRKS/OR DESIGNS/RECOSNENDATIONS. EYE BELIEVE MY
ADVANCE TRANSMITTING THE CONSENTS Ob MR. KUFFNER WOULD MATERIALLY
CONTRIBUTE TO YCUR PREPARATION OF THE REQUESTED PROPOSAL UNDER MY
COVER LETTER CF NOVEMBER L, 198’. SUCH ADVANCE CONSTRUCTIVE NOTES
..OULD NO DOUBT WILL MAKE YCun PROPOSAL WHOLESOME AbD QUALIFIED FCR
TOTAL ACCEPTABILITY.
REGARDS
ZEwDIE ABATE
Ll+fiLL HALW IL GOlCTQNQW
AMMO 16.42
4481+4 HALWIL G
KEY+90021134+8TO01
AWAPRO ADDIS
1+4844 HALWIL G
GO 106JJ
21+ NOV 1983
FOR    i    OR    ZEWDIE    ABATE    EXECUTIVE    DIRECTOR    AMI    BARA    IRRIGATION    PROJECT
hw/msa 17
DRAINAGE MASTER PLAN
REF. YOUR TELEX MESSAGE N0.1U+. WE HAVE RECEIVED THE TERMS OF REF
ERENCE AND ARE PLEASED TO BE GIVEN THE OPPORTUNITY TO SUBMIT A
COMPREHENSIVE PROPOSAL. WE HAVE HAD A PRELIMINARY DISCUSSION WITH
MR DAVIES OF ULG TO PLAN PROPOSAL PREPARATION AND EXEPECT TO BE
ABLE TO SUBMIT THE DOCUMENT IN ABOUT ONE MONTH
WE   TRUST   THIS   IS   SATISFACTORY   AND   HOPE   TO   PRODUCE   A   DOCUMENT   WHICH WILL EXACTLY MEET YOUR REQUIREMENTS
REGARDS CAMACHO
1+4844    HALWIL    G
AWAPRO ADDIS■
BAUBLE HAL*IL G
AWAPrO AJOI 5
MSG. NO. 1U|
FOR: FR. GLENNIE
PLEASE   CONFIRM   IF   YOU   HAVE   NOW   DECEIVED   THE   TERMS   OF   REFERENCE   FOR
■ • • •
THE PREPARATION OF NASTER DRAINAGE PLAN FOR MELKA-SADI AND AM I BARA AREAS, PREPARED NOV. 1, SENT TO YOU BY A COVER LETTER DATED NOV. 2 1583.
IF SO, WHEN IS THE LIKELY DATE OF YCUR PrtOPCSAL SUBMISSION?
riE GARD S
ZEWDIE   ABATETV
HALWIL G
AWAPhO AdDISCV No: I
CHARLES L CLARKE
Nationality
Bri tish
Profession
Chartered Civil Engineer
Spec ialisat ion
Project direction of water resource developments
Position in Firm
Year of Birth
Years with Firm
Partner
1925
34
KEY QUALIFICATIONS
. Partner of Sir William Halcrow & Partners, Chairman of Halcrow Water, with
35 years professional and management experience of international civil
engineering projects
. Responsible for the project direction of numerous major water resource
projects including dams, tunnels through expansive mudstone, hydro-electric
developments and irrigation and drainage schemes
. Extensive specialist knowledge of contract administration and project
management
EDUCATION AND PROFESSIONAL STATUS
MA Cambridge University
D1C (Hydro-power) Imperial College, London
Fellow of the Institution of Civil Engineers
Member of the Association of Consulting Engineers
Member of Panel I of Civil Engineers, appointed under the Reservoirs Act, 193G
EXPERIENCE RECORD
1948-present SIR WILLIAM HALCROW 4 PARTNERS
1972-present UK: PARTNER, WATER AFFAIRS
Responsible for the management direction and administration of
numerous overseas projects in water resource development.
Mr Clarke was Chairman of the British Consultants Bureau in
1978. Since its formation in 1982, he has been Chairman of
Halcrow      Water.      He      is      also      a      Director      of      Halcrow-Ba      1      four      Ltd      and of Halcrow ULG Ltd.
Mr Clarke has been Project Partner or Director
funding agencies, and include:
on an extensive
List of dam, tunnel, hydro-electric, irrigation
drainage and
rural development projects during this period,
Most of these
projects have been financed by governments and
internat i ona1Cyprus
Southern Conveyor Project; feasibility study and
preparation of tender documents, Evretou dam
design and supervision.
Sri Lanka
Kotmale Project; design and supervision of dam,
tunnels, spillway and 200 MW power station.
Bowatenna Power Project, (40 MW) and Canyon Power Project (30 MW) Matara Water Supply Project.
Greece
Arakthos and Middle Course Hydro-Electric
project; joint venture of 7 European consultants
for 1000 MW complex.
Brazil
Indonesia
UAE
Oman
San Francisco River; irrigation advice for
50 000 ha scheme.
Wampu River and Irrigation Development.
Drainage and water supply for Sharjah Town.
Dhofar Province land and water resource
Thailand
Ethiopia
Ma lays ia
Nigeria UK
Papua New Guinea
Yemen Arab Repub lie
feasibility study. Garzaiz Agricultural
Development; irrigation project Salah Water
Supply.
Feasibility and rehabilitation of irrigation in
rice growing areas.
Amibara Irrigation Scheme; 10 000 ha scheme. Lower Awash; 2000 ha extension for Tendabo Plantations. Angele Bolhamo; feasibility study
of agricultural potential of 2^000 ha.
Water Supply for Bintulu Development Sarawak. Chenderoh Dam; investigations and feasibility.
Muda Irrigation Project. Including construction
of Saiong Tunnel through disintegrating
mudstones.
:      Oshin River; studies for extending Bacita
irrigation
:      Remedial works for Brecon-Monmouth Canal Inspections of Dams under the Reservoir Act. Rother Valley; open-cast coalmine conversion to water park. Lochaber Power Scheme;
rehabilitation and studies. Blagdon dam
spillway.
:      Rouna 4 Hydro Power Development (12 MW) - study, design and supervision.
:      Wadi Surdud Development Study.Tanzania : Madibira Rice Scheme; irrigation study.
Burma                    : Irrawaddy Delta; study and formulation of
agricultural development.
L969-1972                   UK: PARTNER, HEAD OF CONTRACTS DEPARTMENT. LONDON
Responsible         for         preparation         and         administration         of         all         contract documentation for Firm.
Later        continued        as        Liaison        Partner        for        above        while        appointed Project Partner for various major water resource developments.
1964-1969                   UK: PROJECT ASSOCIATE. MUDA IRRIGATION SCHEME. MALAYSIA
Overall responsibility for design, administracion and
supervision      of      a      scheme      to      provide      water      for      100.000      ha      of      rice from three dams with associated structures.
1963-1964
1959-1963
UK:   SENIOR   DESIGN   ENGINEER.   HEAD   OFFICE,   CHANNEL   TUNNEL INVESTIGATIONS
(JK:   RESIDENT   ENGINEER,   MORISTON   HYDRO-ELECTRIC   DEVELOPMENT. SCOTLAND
1954-1959
VENEZUELA: RESIDENT REPRESENTATIVE, CARONI HYDRO-ELECTRIC
DEVELOPMENT
1952-1954
UK: DESIGN ENGINEER, HEAD OFFICE, MORISTON HYDRO DEVELOPMENT
1949-1952
UK:   DESICN   TEAM   LEADER,   HEAD   OFFICE,   GA1RLOCH   HYDRO   SCHEME.
SCOTLAND
1948-1949
POSTGRADUATE, HYDRO POWER COURSE. IMPERIAL COLLEGE, LONDON
1948
UK: ASSISTANT ENGINEER, BENEVEAN DAM, SCOTLAND
1947
STUDENT, BUSINESS TRAINING COURSE
1945-1947
MILITARY SERVICE, ENGINEER OFFICER. ROYAL NAVY
TECHNICAL PAPERS PUBLISHED:
"Sources of External Assistance - Consultants"; Workshop on Irrigation
Development Planning, Accra, Ghana, May 1977.
’’The        Feasibility        Report"        (Joint        author        with        J        Anderson)        Workshop        on        Irrigation Development, Accra, May 1977.
"Inspection      of      Old      Embankment      Dams"      (Joint      author      withh      M      le      Masurier)      Proc Dams Symposium, Newcastle, September 1975.
"Evaluation        of        the        Effects        of        Irrigation        Dams        in        Developing        Countries"        (Joint author with A Boctomley) Proc ICOLD, 1973.’’Lessons       learned       from       two       rockfill       dams”       (Joint       author       with       R       G       Taylor)       Proc ICOLD, 1970.
"Long Range Planning”, The Consulting Engineer, December 1968.
’’Improving       Rice       Irrigation       in       Kedah”       (Joint       author       with       E       M       Gosschalk)       Civil Engineering, April 1969.
11/83CV No: 2
ROBERT FRANCIS CAMACHO
Nationality
: Guyanese
Profession
: Chartered Civil Engineer
Specialisation
: Planning, design S construction of irrigation and
drainage works
Position in Firm                     : Associate Partner, Director of Halcrow Water, Ha Icrow-ULC Ltd, and Halcrow Caribbean Ltd
Year of Birth
Years with Firm
KEY QUALIFICATIONS
: 1923
: 15
. Senior project responsibilities including coordination and management of
design teams
. Specialist understanding of irrigation, drainage and water resources
development in arid zones
. Recent experience in Ethiopia, Yemen, Cyprus, Guyana, Brunei, Saudi Arabia, Ecuador, Colombia and Ghana
EDUCATION AND PROFESSIONAL STATUS
BSc, Civil Engineering, University of Bristol
Fellow of the Institution of Civil Engineers
Fellow of the Institution of Water Engineers and Scientists
Member of the International Commission of Irrigation and Drainage
EXPERIENCE RECORD
1967-present SIR WILLIAM HALCROW & PARTNERS
1981-present PROJECT DIRECTOR AND SPECIALIST ADVISOR
Field visits have been made to advise and recommend on a range of irrigation and drainage projects:
. Peoples Democratic Republic of Yemen, May 1982: Advisor to FAO on flood and irrigation rehabilitation works. Currently retained as Director for the implementation of these works
*     Brunei, Feb/Msrch 1982: Specialist advisor on regional agricultural development studies involving flood alleviation and identification of irrigation potential
Nepal, November 1981: Irrigation Advisor on the detailed design phase of the 6000 ha run of river irrigation scheme of the Mahakali Project
•      Burma, March 1981: Study Director of a reconnaissance team identifying areas suitable for empoldering, tidal drainage and irrigation in the Irrawaddy Delta1980-1981
Ethiopia, February 1981: Study Director on the Weito and
Dabus Irrigation Projects, run of river and pumped irrigation
project studies for the 20,000 ha development
During this period routine visits were made to projects under
his direction: including the Abary and Tapakuma Irrigation
Projects, Guyana and the Amibara Irrigation Project, Ethiopia.
UK: HEAD OF IRRIGATION AND WATER SUPPLY DEPARTMENT
Responsible for the overall management of this department.
1979-1980
GUYANA: RESIDENT REPRESENTATIVE
In overall charge of all Halcrow projects in the country. These
included the Abary River Project, the Tapakuma Irrigation
Project and the Essequibo Sea Defences project.
During this period also visited Burma to advise on land
reclamation, tidal drainage and irrigation in the Irrawaddy
Delta.
1978
GUYANA: PROJECT DIRECTOR, ABARY RIVER WATER CONTROL PROJECT
The project region, of area 225,000 ha, Lies to the south east
of Georgetown between the Mahaica and Berbice Rivers. Phase I
involved the detailed design and construction supervision of
flood control, drainage and irrigation for 47,000 ha. Valued at
£40 million this involved design and construction of 57 km of
conservancy embankment dam with weir and river control sluice,
300 km of canals and drains, with a main canal head regulator,
three major drainage pump stations together with approximately
180 associated irrigation and drainage structures, and some
45 km of access roads and bridges.
1976-1978                    UK: HEAD OF WATER AFFAIRS DEPARTMENT
Responsible         for         the         supervision         of         several         overseas         water
projects.
1973-1976                    UK: HEAD OF IRRIGATION DIVISION. WATER AFFAIRS DEPARTMENT
Appointed Associate Partner. As Head of the division was
responsible for ongoing irrigation and drainage schemes in many
countries including Saudi Arabia, Oman, Ethiopia, Ecuador,
Colombia and Guyana.
1969-1973                     UK: PROJECT LEADER, DESIGN OF COASTAL DEFENCES, GUYANA
Responsible       for       the       design       of       13.4       km       of       coastal       protection
works.
Also          involved          with          several          feasibility          studies          for          irrigation projects in Central America, Africa and the Middle East.1967-1968                   GUYANA: SPECIALIST ADVISOR, DEVELOPMENT AND IMPROVEMENT ON THE COASTLAND OF GUYANA
Member of a visiting specialist team responsible for engineering
and economic feasibility studies prior to appraising with
priority orders, schemes for land development and improvement on
the coastland of Guyana.
Also visited Ghana in connection with the Lower Volta Irrigation
Project. Subsequently in charge of redesign work and economic
appraisal for this sugar and rice cultivation scheme.
Also       engaged       on       general       water       resources       development       work       in       Head
Office.
1961-1967                   HER MAJESTY’S OVERSEAS CIVIL SERVICE. ADEN
1967                             ADEN: DIRECTOR OF IRRIGATION
Responsible         for         the         planning,         design         and         construction         of         all irrigation projects financed by the Government.
1964-1967                   ADEN: DEPUTY DIRECTOR OF AGRICULTURE AND IRRIGATION
Special          responsibility          for          the          direction          and          administration          of
the Irrigation Branch and Engineering Services Department.
1961-1964
ADEN: SENIOR IRRIGATION ENGINEER. IRRIGATION DEPARTMENT
In charge of the department its aims to provide a more effective
system of irrigation and to extend agriculture throughout the
country by providing better control and distribution of wadi
spate flows and by exploiting the groundwater resources.
1946-1961
GOVERNMENT OF GUYANA
1954-1961
GUYANA: DEPUTY DIRECTOR OF DRAINAGE AND IRRIGATION DEPARTMENT
With reorganisation of Department of Public Works in 1954
appointed Deputy Director of the new department. Subsequently
in 1957 appointed Director of Department.
Concerned with the planning  and direction of the following
projects:-
.       Tapakuma Project
-
15000 ha
.       Mahaica-Mahaicony-Abary Project -
218500 ha
.       Boerasirie Project
-
52600 ha
.       Corentyne Project
-
30400 ha
.       Blackbush Polder Project
-
11000 ha
Responsible for the drafting of the Drainage and Irrigation Legislation to provide for the construction, control, operation and maintenance of drainage and irrigation works within the Declared Areas as the existing Ordinance required radical
revision.19*6-195^
As Director of the Drainage and Irrigation Department also a
Director of the Rice Development Company, Chairman of the
Drainage and Irrigation Board and Member of the Sea Defence
Board.
Awarded in 1955  the United Nations Fellowship in Water Resource Development. Inspected and discussed details of irrigation and land drainage projects in India.
GUYANA: SITE ENCINEER, PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT Mainly concerned with the construction and maintenance of
coastal and river defence works, but
bridges, buildings and drainage and irrigation works.
worked on roads,
LANGUAGE ABILITY
English
Arabic
Fluent
Bas ic
PUBLICATIONS:
1960
1963
1963
1972
1978
'The Reclamation and Irrigation of Black Bush Polder in British
Guiana', presented as jointed paper co the ICE Conference on
Civil Engineering Problems Overseas. Awarded the Manby Premium
by ICE.
'Some Considerations for the Design and Construction of
Irrigation Headworks in South Arabian Wadi' presented as joint
paper to the United Nations Conference on the Application of
Science and Technology for the Benefit of the Less Developed
Areas, Geneva.
'Some       Notes       on       Spate       Irrigation       in       South       Arabia',       Department       of Irrigation HMOS Technical Paper.
'Economic Appraisal and Recommended Priority of Eight Land
Development Schemes, Guyana', ICID Bulletin.
'The         use         of         input-output         analysis         to         estimate         secondary         economic benefits of irrigation schemes', ICID Congress, Athens.
12/82CV No: 3
COLIN AITCHISON SCHOON
Na t ionaI icy
: British
Profession
: Chartered Civil Engineer
Spec ialisation
: Design and implementation of irrigation and drainage
schemes
Position in Firm’
: Senior Engineer
Year of Birth
: 1944
Years with Firm
: 17
KEY QUALIFICATIONS
. Over 10 years experience in the supervision of design teams for drainage
and irrigation works and experience in multi-disciplinary studies
. Several years overseas experience in the implementation of irrigation
schemes
. Post-graduate training in irrigation and water resources engineering
. Experience in the design and construction of highways, including associated
structures and drainage works
EDUCATION AND PROFESSIONAL STATUS
BSc, Civil Engineering, University of Birmingham
Member of the Institution of Civil Engineers
EXPERIENCE RECORD
1966-present              SIR WILLIAM HALCROW t. PARTNERS
1984-ongoing              SUDAN:   IRRIGATION   ENGINEER,   BLUE   AND   WHITE   NILE   PUMP   SCHEMES REHABILITATION PROJECT - REVIEW STUDY
Member       of       multi-disciplinary       study       team       carrying       out       a       3       monch project reassessment for IBRD/Government of Sudan.
1983                         UK: PROJECT ENGINEER
Responsible        for        Head        Office        co-ordination        for        the        first        phase        of the Kapunga/Madibira Rice Project Engineering Study, Tanzania.
Assisted with Che preparation of a major financial review and
with preliminary proposals for additional drainage for the
Amibara Irrigation Project, Ethiopia.
1982 - i983                  NEPAL: HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES DESIGN SUPERVISOR, MAHAKALI IRRIGATION PROJECT
Provided advice and assistance co Local Project and Consultants staff on the design of new hydraulic structures and the rehabilitation and modification of existing structures for a
4500 ha gravity scheme for settlement farming.*
Advised and assisted local consultants in the assessment and outline design for rehabilitation and modification of a 15 km main canal. The work involved assessment of channel geometry and operating conditions for successive stages of development, together with proposals for rehabilitation of some 40 existing structures and the identification of requirements for additional
major regulators.
1982                              UK: ENGINEER, AMIBARA IRRIGATION PROJECT, ETHIOPIA
After re-visiting the Project was responsible for the
preparation, for Government and funding agencies, of an
assessment report covering planning, design, construction and
operation of the scheme.
Responsible for the preparation of sections of the Project
Maintenance Manual covering maintenance of structures and labour
and equipment requirements and utilisation for canal, drain and
road maintenance. Provided advice on the Water Management
Manual under preparation on site.
1981-1982                    UK: IRRIGATION DESIGN ENGINEER, WEITO IRRIGATION PROJECT, FEASIBILITY STUDY, ETHIOPIA
Visited Ethiopia and was responsible for the outline design and
cost estimates for all irrigation and drainage works for a 4500
ha gravity development, principally for cotton and maize
production on State and Settlement farms. Carried out a
sub-study for a supplementary reservoir storage scheme which
included assessment of silcation, salinity balance, pump
operating costs and improvements in crop yields. Responsible
for the completion and submission of Che Final Report.
Attended short course on irrigation at the National College of
Agricultural Engineering, UK.
1978-1981 ETHIOPIA: DEPUTY RESIDENT ENGINEER, AMIBARA IRRIGATION PROJECT
Initially involved in preparation for project implementation, including tender assessment. Responsible for the management of four expatriate and twenty counterpart staff on the supervision
of local Contractors for eleven separate construction contracts for land preparation, irrigation and drainage and infrastructure works. In addition Co contract management duties supervised Che preparation of working drawings incorporating necessary design amendments. In liaison with Government State Farms staff and rhe consultant’s agricultural advisory team was involved in consideration of irrigation schedules, land levelling
requirements for furrow irrigation of cotton and preparation of guidelines for the operation of on-farm canals ad structures. Responsible for the preparation of status reports for Che four funding agencies and was closely involved in the training of local engineering and support staff.
1977-1978
From October 1977  to  April 1978  studied part-time for the award of Post Graduate Diploma  in Civil Engineering  (Water Resources) at North East London Polytechnic.1976-1978                 UK: TEAM LEADER. AMIBARA IRRIGATION PROJECT, ETHIOPIA
Responsible for the management of a team of engineers* on the
design of this 10,000 ha irrigation scheme. The works included
a river diversion by low-cost rockfill weir, 27 km of primary
canal, minor canals and drains, fLood protection dykes and
control structures such as gated regulators, offtakes, culverts
drops and small farm structures. The design work was taken to
tender document stage with final design later being confirmed
during project implementation.
1972-1976                   UK: DESIGN TEAM LEADER, CARDIFF OFFICE
Responsible for the management of a Large design team involved
in the drainage and land reclamation of coal spoil tips. In
addition to supervising the design and production of contract
documents was also responsible for tender assessment and the administration of twelve remedial works contracts.
1968-1972                   UK: SITE ENGINEER, PERRY BARR EXPRESSWAY, BIRMINGHAM
Member of the Resident Engineers staff supervising the construction of a major urban highway scheme. Responsibilities included the supervision of services diversions together with quality control aspects of Che construction of sewers,
earthworks, roadworks, Large diameter bored piLe foundations, retaining walls and flyover superstructure^
1966-1968                   UK: DESIGN ENGINEER
Member of a team on the design of urban expressway and motorway projects. Responsible for the design of reinforced concrete structures, highway alignment calculation and cost estimating.
LANGUAGE ABILITY
English
French
Spanish
Mother tongue
Fai r
Bas ic
12/83CV No: 4
DAVID CORDON GLENNIE
Na t ionaIi ty
: British
Profess ion
: Chartered Civil Engineer
Specialisation
: Irrigation and Water Supply
Position in Firm
: principal Engineer
Year of Birth
: 1929
Years with Firm
: 17
KEY QUALIFICATIONS
. Extensive experience in preparing tender documents for civil engineering
works and in cost estimating.
. Wide experience of design and supervision of harbours, airports, water
supply, irrigation and building schemes
EDUCATION AND PROFESSIONAL STATUS
BA, BAI, Engineering & Arts, Trinity College Dublin, 1951.
Fellow of the Institution of Civil Engineers.
EXPERIENCE RECORD
1970-present SIR WILLIAM HALCROW & PARTNERS
1982-present UK: PROJECT ENGINEER, AMIBARA IRRIGATION PROJECT, ETHIOPIA
The 10,000 ha development includes land levelling and deep subsoil drainage. Valued at US $ 60M Che project is assisted by IDA, EOF and ADF.
1976-1982 UK: PRINCIPAL CONTRACTS ENGINEER, WILTSHIRE OFFICE
During this period responsible for the contractural aspects of many projects in Che United Arab Emirates, Ethiopia, Guyana, the Caribbean, United Kingdom, Gibraltar, Indonesia and Sri Lanka.
Also assumed responsibility as Project Engineer for the implementation phase of Che 10,000 ha Amibara Irrigation Project in Ethiopia. This involved Che monitoring of eleven separate contracts for the civil and irrigation works, buildings and
services and state farm construction.
1974-1976                   UK: PROJECT ENGINEER, HEAD OFFICE
Assisted in the Parliamentary promotion of a major reservoir scheme at Craig Goch, Wales. Also acted as rhe Project Engineer on the Belkuchi Irrigation Project in Bangladesh. From 1975 spent some time in Antigua as Resident Engineer on a water supply scheme and later became Project Engineer for the Wampu River Project, a flood control and irrigation scheme in
Indones ia.1973-1974 ETHIOPIA: PROJECT MANAGER, MIDDLE AWASH DEVELOPMENT SCHEME
This schpme. financed by the IBRD, involved the development of
10,000 ha and feasibility study for a further 15,000 ha.
1970-1973
UK: ASSISTANT TO THE HEAD OF WATER AFFAIRS, HEAD OFFICE
Initially assisted with coal tip remedial works and contract
administration. Since early 1971, assistant to the Head of the
Water Affairs Department. Duties have included general
administration and cost fee control. Latterly, in addition,
Project Engineer for the Antigua Water Supply Construction
Scheme and Clywedog Reservoir.
1968-1970
CAMUS (GB) LTD
Area executive responsible for administration of design teams
working on three large developments for London Boroughs
totalling some £10 million in value. Duties included
supervision of design service to licencee and supervision visits
to sites and licencee’s factory.
1965-1968               SIR WILLIAM HALCROW & PARTNERS
Contracts Engineer with responsibility for preparation of contract documents for Port of Jeddah Navigational Aids, Port of Jeddah (£10 million), Benghazi Corniche Project (£3 million) and assisting in contract administration of Lower Volta Irrigation Project, Ghana, Clywedog Reservoir Project and Umm-al-Qawain Water SuppLy Project, totalling some £5 million in value.
1959-1964               GAMMON MALAYA LTD
Initially at RAF Tengah air base responsible for all aspects of construction of half the new 12,000 foot long runway. Transferred early 1960 to Port Swettenham where he was senior engineer North Klang Straits which involved the construction of a wharf for four ships, shore installations and services.
Responsible for construction of prestressed concrete pile casting yard by sub-contract, and subsequently for the operation of the pile casting yard where over 2000 piles 25” ID, 34” OD, up to 140 feet long were made. Also responsible for shore installation area involving reclamation, drainage, water mains and buildings.
From 1963 senior engineer, later sub-agent, Kuala Lumpur International responsible for all aspects of construction work. This included 5 million cubic yards of earthmoving, extensive drainage, Lime stabilisation and asphaltic concrete runway
surface.
1957-1959                   UDALLS PRESTRESSED CONCRETE
Senior Engineer with dudes for design and system development and promotion.Responsible         aLso         Eor         provision         of         technical         advisory         service         to overseas clients.
IS 56-1957                   TAYLOR WOODROW CONSTRUCTION
Section Engineer an a power station foundation contract.
Responsible for construction of the foundation for coj I bunkers in Western Europe's largest power station*  Work included cable and access tunnels and single concrete pours of 650 cu yds.
1953-1956                    SIR BRUCE WHITE, WOLFE BARRY AND PARTNERS
Assistant Project Manager Trans-Perak Irrigation Scheme Survey MaLaya. This project covered an area of some 300 square miles and site investigation included selection of possible site for a
low head barrage, river water abstraction pumping stations and soil survey. Duties included field control of survey teams and general project administration. Later led a team in Brunei to carry out site survey and investigation work for a proposed rice irrigation scheme of some 4000 hectares* The work included the selection of a suitable site for an earth dam. On returning to
Head Office he worked on rhe layout and design of irrigation canals, drains and structures for the Trans-Perak Irrigation Scheme and a tidal drainage outfalL for a scheme in Sarawak.
1952-1953                Assistant Engineer at Takoradi Harbour - Ghana. Responsible for construction of roads, railways, drainage and general foundation
work.
Assistant Engineer at London Airport- Responsible for reconstruction of runways, taxiways, lighting and drainage over main access tunneL.
1951-1952                TAYLOR WOODROW CONSTRUCTION LTD
Section Engineer an housing estate for 9 months. Responsible for setting out, construction, measurement of works, etc.
LANGUAGE ABILITY
English :
French :
Malay  :
Mother Tongue
Bas ic
Gcod
10/831973-1974 ETHIOPIA: PROJECT MANAGER, MIDDLE AWASH DEVELOPMENT SCHEME
This scheme, financed by the IBRD, involved the development of
10,000 ha and feasibility study for a further 15,000 ha.
1970-1973
UK: ASSISTANT TO THE HEAD OF WATER AFFAIRS, HEAD OFFICE
Initially assisted with coal tip remedial works and contract
administration. Since early 1971, assistant to the Head of the
Water Affairs Department. Duties have included general
administration and cost fee control. Latterly, in addition,
Project Engineer for the Antigua Water Supply Construction
Scheme and Clywedog Reservoir.
1960-1970
CAMUS (GB) LTD
Area executive responsible for administration of design teams
working on three large developments for London Boroughs
totalling some £10 million in value. Duties included
supervision of design service to licencee and supervision visits
to sites and licencee's factory.
1965-L968               SIR WILLIAM HALCROW 4 PARTNERS
Contracts Engineer with responsibility for preparation of contract documents for Port of Jeddah Navigational Aids, Port of Jeddah (£10 million), Benghazi Corniche Project (£3 million) and assisting in contract administration of Lower Volta Irrigation Project, Ghana, Clywedog Reservoir Project and Umm-a1-Qawain Water Supply Project, totalling some £5 million in value.
1959-1964               GAMMON MALAYA LTD
Initially at RAF Tengah air base responsible for all aspects of construction of half the new 12,000 foot long runway. Transferred early I960 to Port Swettenham where he was senior engineer North Klang Straits which involved the construction of a wharf for four ships, shore installations and services.
Responsible for construction of prestressed concrete pile casting yard by sub-contract, and subsequently for the operation of Che pile casting yard where over 2000 piles 25'* ID, 34** OD, up to 140 feet long were made. Also responsible for shore installation area involving reclamation, drainage, water mains and buildings.
From 1963 senior engineer, later sub-agent, Kuala Lumpur International responsible for all aspects of construction work. This included 5 million cubic yards of earthmoving, extensive drainage, lime stabilisation and asphaltic concrete runway
surface.
1957-1959                 L’DALLS PRESTRESSED CONCRETE
Senior Engineer with duties for design and system development and promotion.Responsible also for provision of technical advisory service to
overseas clients.
1956-1957                    TAYLOR WOODROW CONSTRUCTION
Section Engineer on a power station foundation contract.
Responsible for construction of the foundation for coal bunkers
in Western Europe's largest power station. Work included cable
and access tunnels and singLe concrete pours of 650 cu yds.
1953-1956 SIR BRUCE WHITE, WOLFE BARRY AND PARTNERS
Assistant Project Manager Trans-Perak Irrigation Scheme Survey
Malaya. This project covered an area of some 300 square wiles
and site investigation included selection of possible site for a
low head barrage, river water abstraction pumping stations and
soil survey. Duties included field control of survey teams and
general project administration. Later led a team in Brunei to
carry out site survey and investigation work for a proposed rice
irrigation scheme of some 4000 hectares. The work included the
selection of a suitable site for an earth dam. On returning to
Head Office he worked on the layout and design of irrigation
canals, drains and structures for the Trans-Perak Irrigation
Scheme and a tidal drainage outfall for a scheme in Sarawak.
1952-1953                   Assistant         Engineer         at        Takoradi         Harbour         -         Ghana.         Responsible         for construction          of          roads,          railways,          drainage          and          general          foundation
work.
Assistant Engineer at London Airport. Responsible for reconstruction of runways, taxiways, Lighting and drainage over main access tunnel.
1951-1952                   TAYLOR WOODROW CONSTRUCTION LTD
Section Engineer on housing estate for 9 months. Responsible for setLxdg out, construction, measurement of works, etc.
LANGUAGE ABILITY
English
French
Mother Tongue
Malay
Basic
Good
10/83CV No: 5
M RIAZ’ HASAN
Nationality
Profession
Specia1isation
: British
: Civil Engineer/Hydrologist
: Hydrology/Water Resources
Position in Finn
Year of Birth
Years with Firm
: Senior Hydrologist : 1938
: 13
KEY QUALIFICATIONS
.       Hydrology       of       irrigation,       drainage,       hydropower,       water       supply,       public       health engineering projects
. Hydrometeorological networks design and operation
, Sedimentation, water quality, lake and reservoir studies
. Computer and remote sensing techniques in hydrology
. Consultant on FAO & FAO/World Bank missions to Bhutan and Zimbabwe
EDUCATION AND PROFESSIONAL STATUS
BE (Civil Engineering) Osmania University, India
Msc (Water Resources/Hydrology) Bradford University, UK
Member      of      the      Institution      of      Water      Engineers      and      Scientists
Member of the American Society of Civil Engineers
Member of the Institution of Engineers, India
Fellow of the Royal Meteorological Society
EXPERIENCE RECORD
1976-present SIR WILLIAM HALCROW & PARTNERS
1983                         ZIMBABWE & ROME
Consultant (Hydrology) on the World Bank/FAO mission to  Zimbabwe during  November 1983/February  1984.  The mission's tasks were to (a) appraise the feasibility  report for the 40,000  ha  irrigation project at Chisambanje and (b) assess the long-term potential of irrigation development in Zimbabwe.  The mission spent about 3
weeks in Zimbabwe followed by report writing in Rome.
1983                         BHUTAN
Visited Bhutan during June/July as FAO Consultant on flood control and river training projects. A further consultancy mission is planned in December when advice on the design of river training works will be given.UK: HEAD OFFICE
Provided hydrological back-up for Abary Mathematical Model,
Guyana, review of flood hydrology for Amibara Project, Ethiopia
□nd worked on the reservoir hydrology of 3 reservoirs in UK
under the 1975 Reservoir Study Act including hydrological calcs
for a waste tip in South Wales.
1982                          UAE: PROJECT HYDROLOGIST, DAMS AND RECHARGE FACILITIES
Responsible for hydrological studies of 8 recharge dams. Work
included data collection and studies on water resources,
evaporation, crop water requirements, sedimentation <*ud water
quali ty.
1980-1981                ETHIOPIA: PROJECT HYDROLOGIST, DABUS AND WEITO IRRIGATION PROJECTS (FAO/UNDP)
Responsible for hydrological input into feasibility studies of
two areas totalling 20,000 ha in western and southern Ethiopia.
The work included drainage design of the two schemes.
PAPUA NEW GUINEA: LALOKI RIVER HYDROLOGY
Responsible for check on reservoir yield and storage
calculations.
Also conducted two internal RAD projects.
1979-1980                TANZANIA: PROJECT HYDROLOGIST, MADIBIRA RICE SCHEME
Responsible for hydrological studies of 11,000 ha area in south
west Tanzania. Work involved dam/reservoir studies, water and
drainage requirements for rice, and water quality aspects.
1978-1979                 BURMA: HYDROLOGIST, INTEGRATED AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT (WORLD BANK/UNDP)
Responsible for hydrological assessment of two areas totalling
120,000 ha in the Irrawaddy and Sittang river basins with
special reference to water and drainage requirements of rice.
YEMEN ARAB REPUBLIC: PROJECT HYDROLOGIST, WADI SURDUD DEVELOPMENT II
Responsible for inspection of new hydromet network and commissioning of 150 m long OTT Cableway.
ETHIOPIA: PROJECT HYDROLOGIST, BESEKA LAKE LEVELS
Responsible for water balance, hydrogeochemicaL and isotopic studies to determine causes of rapid lake growth. Study incLuded use of LANDSAT imagery.1972-1978                 YEMEN ARAB REPUBLIC: PROJECT HYDROLOGIST, WADI SURDUD DEVELOPMENT I & II
Responsible for hydrological investigations and design of hydromet network.  Prepared Field Manual for operation of installed network.
UK: WATER RESOURCES ENGINEER, HEAD OFFICE
Advised       on       hydrological       aspects       of       Wadi       Dhamad       Project,       Saudi Arabia: Airport Drainage, Dubai: Design Drainage Project,
Indonesia:        Keddah        purlis        Study,        Malaysia.        Also        conducted        two internal RAD projects.
1975-1976                 SENIOR   HYDROLOGIST.   JD   AND   DM   WATSON.   TEHRAN   (On   leave   of absence)
Responsible for 3 projects in Kharossna Province, Iran,
involving investigation of surface and groundwater resources for potable water supplies to 40 urban centres. Work involved data collection, preparation of contract documents for site
investigations, and test drillings.
1970-1975               SIR WILLIAM HALCROW b PARTNERS
1970-1975               UK: ENGINEER
Engaged as Assistant Engineer (Hydrologist) and later Engineer (Hydrologist) in Hydrology Unit. Worked on hydrological aspects of numerous projects in UK and overseas (Saudi Arabia, N Yemen, Oman, Ecuador, Brazil, Nigeria, Malawi, Bangladesh, Thailand and Italy), including analyses of hydrometeorolgica1 data, design of hydrologic network, mathematical modelling, water balance, sedimentation and reservoir simulation studies, flood and
drought prediction, crop water requirement studies, coal tip
hydrology and calculations under the UK Reservoirs Safety Act
1930. Also involved in internal RAD projects.
Ln 1974 was invited by ASCE to join Irrigation and Drainage
Division Reviewers Panel.
1969-1970               POSTGRADUATE RESEARCH, BRADFORD UNIVERSITY
Studied the effect of catchment permeability on water balance
with special reference to two rivers in the Lee Basin.
1965-1969               ASSISTANT ENGINEER, JOHN TAYLOR A SONS
Engaged on hydrological and hydraulic design of a major public health scheme for a London Borough. Was also appointed
Assistant Resident Engineer on one contract of the project.
1964                          ASSISTANT RESIDENT ENGINEER, TARAPORE A CO, MADRAS Engaged on construction of factory near Hyderabad.1962-1963                  DESIGN ASSISTANT, CENTRAL WATER AND POWER COMMISSION, MINISTRY
OF IRRIGATION AND POWER. NEW DELHI
Engaged on investigation and feasibility study of Triguli H-E
project in Nepal.
1961-1962                  JUNIOR ENGINEER, DEPARTMENT OF HIGHWAYS, HYDERABAD
Engaged on hydrological investigations for potential bridge
sites and a new 40 mile stretch of highway.
PUBLICATIONS
He is the author or co-author of several papers and reports including:
’’Measured        and        predicted        evaporation        at        Pasage,        Ecuador”,        Journal        of        Irrigation and Drainage Division, ASCE, Vol 94, 1R3, September 1972, pp 511—516
’’Some       hydrological       aspects       of       an       arid       zone       irrigation       scheme”,       Water       Services, Vol 78, No 936, February 1974, pp 50-52
’’UK       Flood       Studies       Report:       An       Appraisal”,       Journal       of       the       Institute       of       Engineers (India), Vol 60, September 1979, pp 80-88
"The Consequences of surplus irrigation water on Lake Beseka, Ethiopia”.
Proceedings 4th Regional Afro-Asian Conference, International Commission on
Irrigation and Drainage, Lagos, Vol 1, Jan 1982, pp 201-227
"The      hydrology      of      Northern      and      Eastern      United      Arab      Emirates”,      Middle      East Water and Sewage (to be published in early 1984)
LANGUAGE ABILITY
English
Hindi
Urdu
Arabic
Faars i
Fluent
Fluent
Fluent
Read/Written Only Read/Written Only
1/84CV No: 6
ANTHONY R KEY
Nationality
Profession
Specialisation
British
Civil Engineer
Design and engineering  of irrigation and drainage works
Position in Firm
Year of Birth
Years with Firm
Engineer
1946
10
KEY QUALIFICATIONS
.      10 years experience in the design and engineering of irrigation and
drainage works and hyraulic structures
.     3 years experience in soil and water conservation
. Recent overseas experience in Barbados, Guyana (Abary Irrigation Project
Secondary works design). Ethiopia (Dabus Irrigation Project Feasibility
Study), Egypt (West Nubariya Irrigation Trials) and Indonesia (West Sumatra
Design Unit)
.       Specialist       understanding       of       on-farm       irrigation       trials       and       hydraulic       design of irrigation and drainage canals and structures
EDUCATION AND PROFESSIONAL STATUS
BSc, National College of Agricultural Engineering
MSCj Soil and Water Engineering, University of Reading
Member of the Institution of Civil Engineers
Member of the Institution of Agricultural Engineers
EXPERIENCE RECORD
1973-present SIR WILLIAM HALCROW & PARTNERS
1983                         BARBADOS: SOIL CONSERVATION ENGINEER, SCOTLAND. DISTRICT SOIL CONSERVATION PROJECT
Soil Conservation Consultant on this IDB financed project,
advising and assisting in the establishment of soil conservation
trials and works over a steep badly eroded area of the Scotland
District of Barbados.
1982-1983    ETHLOPIA:    IRRIGATION    ENGINEER,    AMIBARA    IRRIGATION    PROJECT SILTATION STUDIES
Established a monitoring programme to measure and record the extent of the siltation problems affecting the irrigation canal system throughout the project area. Undertook flushing trials to see their effectiveness in removing deposited sediment.1981-1982                GUYANA: TEAM LEADER, ABARY IRRIGATION PROJECT SECONDARY WORKS DESIGN
Headed team responsible for the design and preparation of
working drawings for all the secondary canals and drains over an
area of 18,000 ha of proposed irrigated rice lands.
1980-1981                ETHIOPIA: DESIGN ENGINEER, DABUS IRRIGATION PROJECT FEASIBILITY STUDY
A member of a multi-disciplinary team responsible for analysing
the most cost effective system of irrigation and power supnly
for the Dabus Project Area. Undertook designs for the preferred
sprinkler irrigation option and compiled the Engineering Annex
of the study report.
1979-1980 EGYPT: IRRIGATION ENGINEER, WEST NUBARIYA CROP TRIALS PROGRAMME
Supervised the establishment of irrigation trials including land levelling and the field layouts for furrow, border strip, basin and sprinkler irrigation systems. Undertook leaching and irrigation regime studies. Set up programmes to monitor the
efficiency of each irrigation system.
1977-1979
INDONESIA: IRRIGATION DESIGN ENGINEER, WEST SUMATRA DESIGN UNIT Responsible, as a transfer of knowledge exercise to counterpart
staff, for preparing standard designs of hydraulic structures
for a 2,500 ha irrigation scheme. The structures included a
weir, main canal offtakes, secondary and tertiary canal
structures and an aqueduct.
1975-19*77
UK: DESIGN ENGINEER; WADI DHAMAD IRRIGATION PROJECT Engaged on designs of the irrigation system for this spate
irrigation project in Saudi Arabia. Responsible for the
hydraulic and structural design of two major concrete weirs
across the wadi and associated canal headworks and scour aiuices
1974-1975                 UK: DESIGN ENGINEER, ANGELELE AND B0LHAM0 FEASIBILITY STUDY AND AMIBARA IRRIGATION PROJECT
Assisted in the preparation of the final report for the Angelele
and Bolhamo feasibility study in Ethiopia. Assisted in
preliminary designs for a low rock-fill weir at Amibara and
completed a cost comparison exercise between pumped and gravity
fed irrigation options.
1973-1974                  UK; ASSISTANT RESIDENT ENGINEER, REMEDIAL WORKS TO COAL SPOIL HEAPS
Supervised the 120,000 cu m Marine Tip earth-moving contract in South Wales, Undertook the final measure and assisted with the claims associated with the Penhriw Baffled Drop Structure
Contract.1969-1973 MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND NATURAL RESOURCES, MALAWI 1969-1973 MALAWI, SOIL CONSERVATION AND PLANNING OFFICER, LILONGWE
A member of a three man team responsible for all soil conservation measures and land use planning for the Central Region. Undertook a large scale resources planning exercise over some 72,000 hectares. Supervised the development of 30 tobacco estates from the soil conservation point of view, planning access and in-farm roads, the siting of waterways and the planning of in-field conservation measures.
Undertook the site investigation design and supervision of construction of small earth dams for water conservation. Responsible for a programme to control gully erosion in dam
spillways.
LANGUAGEABILITY
English
French
Indonesian
Mother tongue
Fair
Working knowledge
1/84ICV No: 7
ROBERT ANDREW DAVIS
Nationality
Profession
Specia lisation
Position in Firm
Year of Birth
: British
: Agricultural Engineer : Soil Reclamation
: Consultant
: 1950
Years with Firm
:3
KEY QUALIFICATIONS
. Team Leader on Pilot Drainage Scheme, Amibara irrigation Project
.        Post        graduate        qualifications        in        agricultural        specialising        in        soil        and        water engineering
.      7 years professional overseas experience in soil studies
EDUCATION AND PROFESSIONAL STATUS
BSc (Hons) Geography (Geography/Physics, Geology) Aberystwyth,
University of Wales
Dip Ed, Reading University, School of Education
Dip Agr Eng S Msc Soil and Water Engineering
Member of the Institution of Agricultural Engineers
EXPERIENCE RECORD
198 l-present            ULG LIMITED
1983-present            ETHIOPIA: SOILS RECLAMATION & DRAINAGE ENGINEER, AMIBARA IRRIGATION PROJECT
Team Leader on Pilot Drainage Scheme. Responsible for drainage
and reclamation trials to define methods and techniques for
implementing subsoil drainage and reclaming salt-affected land
in the project area.
1983                         UK: DRAINAGE SPECIALIST, RIVER RAY DRAINAGE STUDY, THAMES WATER AUTHORITY
Assessed the effect of field drainage on reducing waterlogging
following arterial improvement works and further land drainage.
Studied the stability of mole channels undergoing cyclic
inundation.
1982-1983    INDONESIA:    SOIL    AND    LAND    CAPABILITY    SPECIALIST,    SETTLEMENT PLANNING SCHEMES, SOUTHERN SUMATRA
Responsible for selection of areas suitable for settlement, characterisation of landform, soil and drainage conditions, formulation of land use options with particular regard to soil management, flood control and drainage.1982
1981-1982
1981
1980
1979-1980
1977-1979
BRUNEI:  SOIL  AND  LAND  CAPABILITY  SPECIALIST,  TEMBURONG  RENEWABLE RESUORCES STUDY
Involved in reconnaissance, serai-detailed and detailed soil
surveys; assessment of land capability with particular reference
to drainage requirements in low-lying coastal areas; also
responsible for computer processing of soils, landform and
land-use data.
INDONESIA: SOIL SPECIALIST TRANSMIGRATION SETTLEMENTS DEVELOPMENT PROJECT, SE SUMATRA
Responsible for reconnaissance soil surveys and for detailed
surveys of selected areas. Duties involved the organisation,
supervision and training of field survey staff.
KENYA:  SOIL  AND  LAND  CAPABILITY  SPECIALIST,  LOWER  TANA  RIVER IRRIGATION PROJECT (PHASE II)
Responsible for carrying out detailed soil surveys for specific
irrigation developments. Work involved classifying soils by
both local and international systems; field testing of
suitability of soils for irrigation and drainage requirements;
making land capability assessments for rice and other crops.
The assignment included the preparation of reports for each
individual project site as well as overall reports and maps.
UK: RESEARCH STUDIES
Studies particularly concerned with the assessment of soil
parameters for irrigation development. Also involved the
familiarisation with methods of analysis currently employed
in soil laboratories.
SOMALIA: SOIL PHYSICIST/DRA1NAGE SPECIALIST, JUBA RIVER
Responsible for studies of the soil-water relationships required
to provide data for the Juba River. Work involve^ -he
supervision of a comprehensive testing programme followed by
analysis and interpretation of Che results,
SAUDI ARABIA: SOIL SCIENTIST, UMM ER RADHUMA DEVELOPMENT STUDY
Responsible for detailed and semi-detailed soil surveys, leading to assessment of agricultural development potential. Work involved field soil surveys, aerial photograph interpretation, and the preparation of reports and soil maps.
LANGUAGE ABILITY
English
F rench
Spanish Classical Arabic
Mother tongue
Fair
Bas ic
Basic
1/84CV No: 8
0 J MOFFAT V
Nationality
Profess ton
Specia1isat ion
Position in Finn
Year of Birth
Years with Firm
British
Agriculturalist
Specialist on soil and landuse evaluation Director
1944
7
KEY QUALIFICATIONS
< Specialist understanding of soil and landuse evaluation
. Recent experience in working in Malaysia, Thailand, Ethiopia, Burma,
Indonesia, Guyana, Egypt and Brazil
EDUCATION AND PROFESSIONAL STATUS
BSc, Agriculture, Newcastle University
PhD, Newcastle University
Member of the British and International Societies of Soil Science
Member of the British Ecological Society
EXPERIENCE RECORD
1976-present           ULG CONSULTANTS LIMITED
1983                         BANGLADESH: PROJECT DIRECTOR, CHITTAGONG HILL TRACTS DEVELOPMENT
Technical       assistance       team       to       strengthen       implementation       of       upland resettlement project.
1982 - 1983 BRUNEI: PROJECT DIRECTOR ON TEMBURONG RENEWABLE RESOURCES STUDY
Studies of soils, topography, land use, forestry and fisheries
Leading to the formulation of a development plan for the
district of Temburong.
1981 - 1982              BRUNEI: PROJECT DIRECTOR ON AGRICULTURAL AND FORESTRY DEVELOPMENT STUDY
This major study covers an area of 275,000 ha for which detailed development plans will be prepared following soil, forestry, agricultural and socio-economic surveys.
1981
INDONESIA:  SOILS  AND  LAND  USE  ADVISER  TO  THE  DESIGN  DRAINAGE PROJECT IN JAVA
Assessment        of        agricultural        potential        following        drainage        with particular regard to possible yield reductions due to salinity.1980
MALAYSIA: PROJECT DIRECTOR, SOUTHERN KELANTAN LAND USE A FOREST MANAGEMENT STRATEGY STUDY
Responsible for overall co-ordination of the planning study.
THAILAND: AGRICULTURAL LAND USE PLANNER, WESTERN REGION PLANNING
Responsible for the evaluation of renewable natural resources in
the region. Formulated plans for land use utilisation for
irrigated agricultural development, dryland farming, production
and protection forestry, amenity and other non-agriculturaI
uses. Prepared proposals for conservation measures and improved
dryland farming techniques.
ETHIOPIA: PROJECT DIRECTOR, DABUS AND WEITO IRRIGATION PROJECT FEASIBILITY STUDY
Overall supervision of studies leading to the evaluation of the
land for irrigated development using a range of cropping options
and the integration and improvement of associated rainfed
agr iculture.
BURMA: LAND USE SPECLLIST, IRRAWADDY DELTA RECONNAISSANCE SURVEY
Appraisal of soils, flood patterns and current land use
throughout the delta from satellite imagery and field surveys.
Formulated proposals for reclamation and crop intensification.
1979-1980                INDONESIA: LAND USE ADVISOR. SUNGAI DAREH PROJECT, SUMATRA
Responsible for the assessment of the potential for irrigated
rice production with particular reference Co inherent
nutritional problems and erosion control. Reviewed the role of
tree crops and alternative rainfed and irrigated cropping in an
integrated development.
GUYANA: LAND USE CONSULTANT, ABARY RIVER WATER CONTROL PROJECT
Project a major drainage and irrigation scheme for the
production of rice and ancillary dryland crops. Responsible for
checking and refiling existing soil and land capability mapping
and recommendations on Land and water management for different
land uses.
1978-1979              ETHIOPIA: LAND CAPABILITY EXPERT, FAO/UNDP VALLEYS AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY PROJECT
Appraisal of the natural resources of the eight major river basins of the country through the formulation and application of a multi-factor ranking system for all potential irrigated and rainfed projects. In conjunction with other team members prepared a Development Guide for the Valleys of Ethiopia.1977-1973                  EGYPT: tEaM LEADER., AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT STUDY FOR NEWLY RECLAIMED LAND
Responsible for irrigation trials, estimation of saLt leaching requirements, analysis of soil-crop-water relationship and
drainage surveys.
1976
INDONESIA: LAND USE SPECIALIST, ODM APPRAISAL OF DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL IN SOUTHERN WEST JAVA
Formulation of Cerras of reference for a regional study with particular emphasis on the integrated development of irrigated and rainfed agriculture.
EGYPT: LAND CAPABILITY SPECIALIST
Responsible for survey and determination of suitability of 50000 ha area for irrigated cropping.
1971-1976               BRITISH OVERSEAS DEVELOPMENT'S LAND RESOURCES DIVISION
1975-1976               INDONESIA: SOIL & LAND CAPABILITY SPECIALIST, MASTER PLAN FOR
WATER RESOURCES OF BALI
Responsible for medium intensity soil surveys and soil-water
studies in areas of high irrigation potential. Led to the
evaluation of land for different agricultural systems
particularly those involving the irrigation of rice, palawija
and citrus. Investigations into rehabilitation of areas
recently destroyed by volcanic activity.
1975                          ODM OBSERVER AT THE 3RD MEETING OF THE WEST AFRICAN SOIL CORRELATION COMMITTEE
1971-1975                 GAMBIA: SENIOR SOIL & LAND USE SPECIALIST, LAND RESOURCES
DIVISION STUDY OF THE AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
Responsible for running soil and agronomic surveys of the
country at a reconnaissance scale with subsequent detailed
surveys of areas suitable for irrigated rice production and also
the evaluation of land for different cropping systems including
cotton, groundnuts, rice and cereals. In conjunction with other
team members assisted in drawing up national agricultural
development plans.
1971                          BRAZIL:  SOIL  &  LAND  CAPABILITY  SPECIALIST,  ALTO  TURI  SETTLEMENT PROJECT, MARANHAO
Assessment       of       suitability       of       area       initially       for       oil       palm cultivation and subsequent consideration of alternative crops.1967-1971                  BRAZIL: FIELD SOIL SURVEYS, ROYAL SOCTETY/ROYAL GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY CENTRAL BRAZIL EXPEDITION
Aerial photograph interpretation was used to produce semi detailed soil and vegetation maps of the area. Detailed physical, chemical and mineralogial analyses of the soil were subsequently carried out in the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Newcastle.
LANGUAGE ABILITY
English
Bahasa  Indonesia
French
Portuguese
Mother tongue
Working knowledge
Working  knowledge
Working knowledgeCV No: 9
K KI.INKENHERG ■/
Na e iona I i cy
: Dutch
Pro Cession Spec ia1isa tion
Position in Firm
Year of Birth
Years with Firm
: Soils & Land Evaluation Specialist
: Senior Consultant
: 1933
: 4
KEY QUALIFICATIONS
, Organisation and ma nag erne nt of r econna issafice . semi detailed and detailed road surveys and evaluation of data to determine suitability for particular land utilisation types
Interpretation of aerial photography and satellite imagery
EDUCATION AND PROFESSIONAL STATUS
BSc (PhysicaL Geography) - University of Amsterdam
MSc (Geography)
(Specialisation in soil science and geomorphology)
EXPERIENCE RECORD
1978-present            □ LG CONSULTANTS LTD
1982 - 1983
1981 - 1982
1980 - 1981
INDONESIA:      SENIOR SOIL SCIENTIST, PHASE II - TRANSMIGRATION PLANNING IN SUMATRA
Responsible for overaLl co-ordination of soils, land use,
agricultural and land evaluation studies of eight areas
totalling 200*000 ha; estimating the number of settlers that
could be accommodated. Partially responsible for editing and
finalisation of reports-
BRUNEI:  SOIL  SURVEY  AND  LAND  CLASSIFICATION  SPECIALIST  ON  THE AGRICULTURAL AND FORESTRY DEVELOPMENT STUDY
Reconnaissance and semi-detailed soil surveys of about 100.000
ha of tropical rain forest leading to the formulation of a*
development plan for the area.
ETHIOPIA: SOIL SPECIALIST, DABUS AND WEITO IRRIGATION PROJECTS
Reconnaissance and semi-detailed soil surveys of some 38,000 ha Leading to a land evaluation for irrigated as well as rainfed crops, as pare of feasibility study for two irrigation projects.1980
1979
1978
1975
INDONESIA: LAND USE AND SOIL SPECIALIST, SUNGAI DAREH PROJECT, SUMATRA
Evaluation of land suitability for rubber and for irrigated
rice. Planning of estate and small holder rubber development to
benefit the indigenous as well as the transmigrant population.
TANZANIA: SOIL AND LAND USE SPECIALIST, MADIBTRA RICE PROJECT
Responsible for semi-detailed soil survey of the project area of
some 11,000 ha and for detailed surveys of 1,000 ha and
evaluation of the potability of the land for irrigated rice as
well as for several rainfed crops, as part of a feasibility
study financed by the UK Overseas Development Administration.
JOINED ULG CONSULTANTS LIMITED
INDONESIA SOIL AND LAND CAPABILITY SPECIALIST, SUNGAI DAREH PROJECT, SUMATRA
Initiation of reconnassance and detailed sample surveys required
for the planning of 13,000 ha irrigated rice development.
BURMA: SOILS/LAND CLASSIFICATION CONSULTANT, INTEGRATED AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT STUDY (WORLD BANK)
Production of semi-detailed soil and land classification maps,
assessment of suitability of land for rice and alternative dry
season crops with particular attention to flood control,
drainage and optimum water utilisation.
1978 SUDAN: SENIOR SOIL SURVEYOR/INTERPRETER, LAND DEVELOPMENT PROJECT, WAU (FAO)
Leader of team conducting reconnaissance, semi-detailed and detailed soil surveys, including land evaluation, use of aerial photographs and satellite imagery.
Reconnaissance soil and land resources survey of ironstone part of Bahr El Ghazal Province for improved small holder farming projects. Main crops sorghum, millet, cassava, groundnuts,
sesame.
Detailed and semi-de tai led surveys of Aweil Rice Scheme, for rehabilitation and extension of existing scheme using irrigation and water control on floodplain soils.
Acting Office-in-Charge of Aweil Rice Scheme. Training of counterpart staff.
1967       1974 NIGERIA: HEAD OF SOIL SURVEY SECTION, INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH
Responsible for staff of 26. Supervision and correlation of soil surveys; editing of reports; administrative duties.Detailed surveys and advice on siting of development projects including South Chad Irrigation Project (wheat and rice), Numan Sugar Scheme, Gombe Research Station (cotton, sorghum, milLet,
etc).
Small scale land resources survey of ME Nigeria (together with
Land Resources Division) for development purposes, including
tse-tse control, improved infrastructure, irrigation projects.
Co-ordination of surveys carried out by consultants.
Compilation of monograph on land resources of northern states of Nigeria; including assessment of climate, land form, soil,
vegetation, water resources; present land use, infrastructure,
development potential.
Member of national soil correlation committee; Chainaan of
irrigation research committee. Correlation of results of
agronomic research with environmental factors.
1957 - 1967 NIGERIA: SOIL SURVEYOR. INSTITUTE FOR AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH
Numerous surveys at reconnaissance and serai-detailed level,
using aerial photo interpretation and field work, including:-
Gcngola Valley - reconnaissance survey for regional pLanning purposes. Mainly luvisols and vertisols under savanna climate on sedimentary and igneous rocks. Main crops: sorghum, cotton, groundnuts, cowpeas.
Niger Dams Resettlement Project. Reconnaissance soil and land use surveys for resettlement purposes. Luvisols unde savanna climate on metamorphic rocks. Main crops: sorghum, millet, groundnuts, cowpeas, yams, cotton. Some irrigation development for rice and vegetables.
LANGUAGE ability
Dutch
Mother tongue
English
French
German
Fluent
Working knowledge Working knowledge
1/84.1
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cv No: IQ
MICHAEL S ARMITAGE
Ns t ioria 11 ty profession
: British
: Agricultural Agronomist
Spec ia1isa tion                  ■
Position in Firm : Senior Agricultural Consultant
fear of Birth
Years with Firm
KEY QUALIFICATIONS
: 1940
Agronomist with 20 years experience spanning practical and research agriculture in Africa, Latin Zimerica and South Asia. Responsible at senior level for research into a wide range of crops and farming systems.
. Senior Agronomist and Research Agronomist to projects in Mexico, Dominica and Swaziland
EDUCATION AND PROFESSIONAL STATUS
3Sc (Kona) Agriculture
PhD Soil Fertility and Plant Nutrition. Edinburgh University Member Tropical Agriculture Association
Fellow Royal Horticultural Society EXPERIENCE RECORD
|                    1983
Agronomist/Water Management Specialist on a Farms Appraisal
Study for the Saudi Arabian Industrial Development Fund.
I
Responsible for appraisal of performance and profitability of
selected farms in various parrs of Saudi Arabia to evaluate
efficiency of management and resource use and recommend ways of
r
increasing revenues and returns on investment. Crops included
1982
wheat, sorghum, vegetables e-d forage crops.
Agronomist on Che West Nubariya Development Trials. Egypt,
[
Responsible for review and analysis of aLl crops grown on Che
I
f
1982
project.
Senior Agronomist on the Aguan River Basin Master Plan Study.
Honduras. Repongible for the collection, review and analysis of
agricutural data, leading to the provision of recommendations on
the project agriculture options, including new crops under
irrigation. Assisted the agricultural economist in the
preparation of farm models and budgets for new or modified
farming sytems, and the financial costs and benefits of flood
protection, irrigation and drainage options.
[
1982
Land Use Specialist on the Mahakali Irrigation Project. Nepal. Responsible for supervising and interpreting surveys for the selection of areas suitable for the production of cotton and advising on irrigation, drainage and other requirements for tree
crops.1981
Joined ULG Consultants Limited in November 1981 as Senior Agricultural Consultant.
1981                            Head of Data Management Unit (Principal Scientific Offier) in LRDC, UK involved with analysis of field trial data from Mexico Egypt, Sabah and Tanzania, socio-economic data from Tanzania and Yemen and various other rainfall and soils data.
1980
Integrated Rural Development Advisor for projects in Mtwara/
Lindi and Tabora regions of Tanzania. Analysis of crop, soil,
climatic and socio-economic data obtained in surveys, for the
planning of Jevelopmenc programmes.
1978-1980
Agronomist. Responsible for research and training in a wide
range of tropical crops in Mexico.
1976-1978
Agronomist. Dominica. Responsible for the preparation of an
island-wide crop suitability analysis using computer models to
interpret the physical resources and assist in the selection of
crops.
1974-1976
Data processing and back-up work at LRDC, UK including a desk
study of the potential for rice and oilseeds in S Tazania.
1968-1974
Agronomist. Responsible for an agronomic research programme in
Swaziland, including the FAO Fertiliser Programme, advisory work
for estates and smallholders, and reaching within University and
Extension Service. This work covered the major rainfed and
irrigated crops (including horticultural), throughout the
country. On national steering committees for forestry and
agricultural research, acting Chief Research Officer (1972) and
national representative on SARCCUS committee.
1968
Joined Land Resources Development Centre (LRDC), a scientific
unit of the UK Overseas Development Administration (until
1981).
1965-1968
Edinburgh School of Agriculture, UK. Staff post as research
assistant - duties included operation and analysis of routine
fertiliser trials on main crops and soils of SE Scotland.
1964-1965
Food chemist, UK. Laboratory quality control and research.
1959-1963
University        studies        in        Zimbabwe,        including        15        months
as
Assistant
Fa’nn Manager on various farms.
LANGUAGE ABILITY
English - mother tongue
Spanish - good
1/84*
CV No: 11
MICHAEL J RAYNER
National icy
British
V
Profess ion
Agricultural Economist
Specialisation
Position in Firm
Agricultural Economist
V
V
V
I I
I
Year of Birch
Years with Firm
1941
17
KEY QUALIFICATIONS
. Responsible for the economic and financial analysis of projects
I
EDUCATION AND PROFESSIONAL STATUS
BSc(Kons)        Agriculture,        Wye        College,
London
University
I
Member of Agricultural Economics Society
EXPERIENCE RECORD
1966-present              EMPLOYER: ULG CONSULTANTS LIMITED
1983-present              Appointed Director of ULG Consultants Limited in 1976.
Agricultural Economist responsible for the economic analysis of
agricultural benefits and costs of the flood control and drainage
scheme for the valley ot Che river Soar, UK.
Also      member      of      an      ODA      mission      to      appraise      the      economic      viability
of the Al Omoun Drainage Project, Egypt.
I
1981-1983
Resident Study Director on Agricultural and Forestry Development
Study, Brunei. Had overall responsibility for a survey of the
I
physical resources, an inventory of the forestry resources and
the formulation of plans to develop the agricultural potential of
the Tutong, Belait and Temburong Districts. Responsible for Che
I
coordination of all activities of a multi-disciplinary team,
comprising 20 consultants over a 21 month period, and for
maintaining close liaison with Government departments.
I
1980-1981 
Team Leader/Development Economist for the Western Region Planning
Study, Thailand. Responsible for coordinating and supervising
inputs of UK and Thai specialists in 26 disciplines covering
I
every aspect of rural and urban development, and for overall
control of the financial and economic analyses undertaken. The
Study produced a regional development pLan for 8 provinces
I
I
containing a population of 3.5 million spread over some
47 ,000 sq km.
Also Agricultural Supervisor for Water Resources and Agricultural
Development Master Plan, Qatar. The study used an aquifer model
and linear programme techniques with a micro-computer to assess
Che economic costs of alternative agricultural and food policies.
I
11970-1979
-
Team Leader/Project con<
production of surat
,
horticultural produce under both gravity 
cr                     W&st Nubariya Feasibility Study, f r che formulation of plans
gravity and overhead irrigation
£1 .
1977-1978
1977
1976
1975
1974-1975
reeimes. The study included sdl survey work, detailed
consideration of all related marketing, processing engineering
and settlement aspects and of the socio-economic factors
affecting the successful settlement of new fanners on the
proposed scheme*
Agricultural        Team        Leader        for        the        Kedcu            and        Perlis        Planning        Study, Malaysia. Responsible for formulating the agricultural
development strategy for the two states and the identification of
projects CO implement the proposed strategy. Undertook the
financial and economic analysis of these project® and coordinated
the inputs of the other agricultural specialists*
Agricultural Economist on feasibility study for the propsoed
development of groundwater resources in the Shahahad Plain near
Kermanahah, Iran*
Agricultural         Economist         on         FAO/World         Bank         Cooperative         Programme missions assisting the Punjab Government to prepare the
Agricultural          Development          and          Extension          project          identified          in          the Punjab in 1976.
Economist        on        FAO/World        Bank        Cooperative        Programme        mission responsible far identifying Agricultural Development and
Extention        projects        in        Sind        and        Punjab        provinces        of        Pakistan suitable for World Bank financing.
Agricultural Econonmist on a World Bank financed mission to Yugoslavia studying the price and subsidy incentives offered to
the agricultural sector using the Balassa measures of protection
and comparative advantage and the Josling concept of consumer and producer subsidy equivalents.
Economic and Financial Appraisal Consultant with the Tanzania Rural Development Hank (UNDP/FAO). undertook a review of TRDB project appraisal procedures and prepared guidelines for the bank staff to use when selecting projects for financing. Also
assisted in the appraisal of individual projects and supervised
the preparation of loan application to IDA for a line of credit
to TFLDB,
Agricultural Ecoaoaist on the Lesotho FAO/World Bank Cooperative Programme mission. The team assisted Government in preparing the fist phase project for international financing far the
development of the mountain areas
--
..
_ 
a5 ‘
th-
project was subsequently
.
financed by IDA and C1DA.
J
1974
Agricultural Economist on the FAO/World Bank Cooperative Programme reconnaissance mission to Morocco. Responsible for evaluating livestock production and identification o£ Lnve8traent possibilities suitable for international financing.1973
1972-1973
1972
Also involved with the study of United Kingdom livestock com
and returns for the National Economic Devslopnwnt Office (NEDO).
Agricultural Economist on the FAO Investment Centre mission to
Slovenia. Yugoslavia, Studied investment possibilities in
dairying and beef in the socialist sector and prepared a project
far commerci-il bank financings
Farm Management Consultant to the IBRD Agricultural Task Force
analysing the role of the farm corporations in Iran is a means of
facilitating rural development. Undertook an analysis of the
financial results of the corporations and rhe individual
enterprises including the preparation of input/output data co be
used in the preparation of model for further investment.
Involved with three studies of the potential for agricultural
development in different areas of France for UK chemical and
fertiliser companies.
Farm Management Consul cant to the Burundi FAO Agricultural
Services Division. Advised Institute Technique Agricole du
Burundi (ITAB) on farm surveys to obtain basic yield and input
data from subsistence and cash crops, the teaching of
agricultural economics and farm management and on the design of a farm management recording  system for a  demonstration and teaching
farm-
1970-1972                     Transferred to the Appraisal Division of LFLG Consultants and concerned with farm planning work, feasibility studies for potential Earn co-operatives and developing management by objectives for use in agriculture.
1966-1969
During  this period Farm Management Economist providing  continuing
management and husbandry advice tt> farms in South East EngLand.
1964-1966
EMPLOYER: UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM
Investigational Officer concerned with surveys into the economics
of the potato and sugar beet crops, and egg production. Also
undertook farm management survey work to assess farm incomes and
returns on capital.
LANGUAGES
English -
French
mother tongue
working knowledge
1/844
4
4
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m
hi
Hl
■I
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mGEORGE I G CHARLES
Nationali ty
Spec ialisat ion
:
Tropical
Medicine
Position in Finn
:
Health
Specialise
Year of Birth
Years with Firn
: British
: 1928
; Independent Consultant
EDUCATION AND PROFESSIONAL STATUS
MB,       Ch0,       University       of       Edinburgh,       1945
HD, University of Edinburgh, 1956
TOD, University of Wales, 1954
MFCM, Royal College of Physicians, 1972
EXPERIENCE RECORD
1979
1978
1977
SRI LANKA: MAHAWELL DEVELOPMENT AND RESETTLEMENT PROJECT A health review of health hazards and control methods required.
SUDAN:      Health hazards resulting from major irrigation project
in Northern and Nile Provinces. Considered malaria,
schistosomiasis and water borne diseases.
INDONESIA:       Major health hazards of transmigration programmes with particular reference to malaria.
19 76-presenr             Short term consultant in various countries,
1971 - 1976                 inti NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE, INTERNATIONAL HEALTH DEPT, LONDON
International epideraology and health regulations, vaccination
requirements, health education of travellers and medical
examination requirements.
1969 -        1971          NEPAL; WHO REPRESENTATIVE
Health planning and administration. Co-ordination of WHO
malaria eradication project.
1965 - 1968                 ETHIOPIA: ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR OF HAILE SELASSIE I UNIVERSITY AND WHO REPRESENTATIVE
Health Planning and administration and co-ordination of WHO
country projects such as malaria eradication project.
1962 ’ 1965 THAILAND 6 PAKISTAN: SENIOR WHO ADVISER ON TB
1950 -        1962          TANGANYIKA:      COLONIAL MEDICAL AND OVERSEAS CIVIL SERVICE 1948 - 1950                 General Practice
1945 - 1947                  EGYPT 6 MEDITERRANEAN: Royal Navy Medical OfficerRESERVEDI
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Summery

Project Overview

Project Title: Master Drainage Plan for Melka Sadi and Amibara Areas

Client: Government of Ethiopia, Amibara Irrigation Project Office

Consultant: Sir William Halcrow & Partners with ULG Consultants Ltd

Date: January 1984

Location: Melka Sadi and Amibara areas in Ethiopia's Awash River Basin

Background and Objectives

The proposal responds to rising groundwater tables and increasing soil salinity/alkalinity problems in the irrigated areas, caused by:

Excessive irrigation water application
Heavy soils with high capillary rise potential
Semi-arid climate concentrating salts

Primary Objectives:

Arrest rising groundwater tables
Reclaim saline/alkaline soils
Control flooding from escarpment runoff
Prevent environmental degradation
Increase agricultural productivity

Scope of Work

Areas Covered:

Melka Sadi Agricultural Estate
Melka Sadi State Farm
Melka Warer Farm and Research Station
AVSA Settlement Farm
Algeta, Ambash, Sublale, and Angelele State Farms

Key Components:

Component	Description
Soil Studies	Identification of priority areas, detailed soil surveys, classification, and reclamation recommendations
Hydrology	Crop water requirements, irrigation water quality, drainage coefficients, catchment discharges
Agriculture	Crop alternatives, irrigation practices, yield assessments
Engineering	Survey work, in-field and surface drainage design, construction implementation
Economic Analysis	Cost-benefit analysis of drainage options
Environmental Health	Assessment of health hazards (bilharzia, malaria)

Methodology

The work is divided into three phases:

Phase	Duration	Activities	Deliverables
1. Identification	2.5 months	Data review, site inspection, preliminary assessments	Outline Masterplan
2. Study & Masterplan	7+ months	In-depth studies, outline designs, economic analyses	Interim Report, Final Study Report with Masterplan
3. Detailed Design	2 months	Detailed designs for priority areas	Tender documents, Engineer's estimate

Key Technical Approaches

Soil Studies

350 maximum soil observations (1 per hectare density)
Profile pits to 2m depth at 10% of sites
Infiltration and hydraulic conductivity tests
Salinity mapping for reclamation planning

Drainage Design

Sub-surface pipe drainage preferred over open drains
Design based on soil layering, conductivities, impermeable layer depths
Integration with existing surface drainage system
Options for gravity/pumped return to Awash River

Project Team

The consultancy team includes specialists in:

Irrigation and drainage engineering
Hydrology
Soil science and reclamation
Agriculture and agronomy
Economics
Environmental health

Key personnel include:

Project Director: Robert Francis Camacho
Management: Charles L Clarke (Senior Partner)
Coordination: David G Glennie (Principal Engineer)
Soils Specialist: Dr D J Moffat (ULG Director)
Soils Reclamation Engineer: R A Davis (Pilot Scheme lead)

Cost and Payment

Two payment options proposed:

Payment Program	Structure	Total Cost
Program 1	Phased payments on completion of each main phase	£552,160
Program 2 (Preferred)	Monthly interim payments over 12 months	£535,960

Appendices

The full document includes:

Terms of Reference (Appendix A)
Curricula Vitae of key personnel (Appendix B)
Figures showing project area layout, activity program, staff program, and accommodation/transport requirements
Supporting correspondence and telex communications